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Design & Fabrication of Shaft Drive Bicycle: Project Members: Abishek P

The document summarizes the design and fabrication of a shaft drive bicycle. Key points: - It uses bevel gears and a propeller shaft for transmission instead of a chain to provide a more reliable and safer system. - The bevel gears allow the drive torque from the pedals to be turned 90 degrees to the rear wheel. This transmits power smoothly compared to a chain drive. - Design calculations were performed to determine the required shaft dimensions based on rider weight, speed, torque etc. - Advantages include lower maintenance, durability and efficiency compared to conventional chain driven bicycles.

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ameer kannan
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113 views18 pages

Design & Fabrication of Shaft Drive Bicycle: Project Members: Abishek P

The document summarizes the design and fabrication of a shaft drive bicycle. Key points: - It uses bevel gears and a propeller shaft for transmission instead of a chain to provide a more reliable and safer system. - The bevel gears allow the drive torque from the pedals to be turned 90 degrees to the rear wheel. This transmits power smoothly compared to a chain drive. - Design calculations were performed to determine the required shaft dimensions based on rider weight, speed, torque etc. - Advantages include lower maintenance, durability and efficiency compared to conventional chain driven bicycles.

Uploaded by

ameer kannan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DESIGN & FABRICATION OF

SHAFT DRIVE BICYCLE

By

PROJECT MEMBERS: ABISHEK P


NARENDHIRAN C

PROJECT GUIDE:
MR.G.KAMALAAKANNAN[AP\MECH]
ABSTRACT:
A shaft driven bicycle is a bicycle that uses a shaft drive instead of a chain which
contain two set of bevel gear at both the ends to make a new kind of transmission
system for bicycle for getting high reliability system, and more safe system. This
project is developed for the users to rotate the back wheel of a two wheeler using
propeller shaft. Usually in two wheelers, chain and sprocket method is used to drive
the back wheel. Shaft-driven bikes have a large bevel gear where a conventional
bike would have its chain ring. This meshes with another bevel gear mounted on the
drive shaft. The use of bevel gears allows the axis of the drive torque from the
pedals to be turned through 90 degrees. The drive shaft then has another bevel gear
near the rear wheel hub which meshes with a bevel gear on the hub where the rear
sprocket would be on a conventional bike, and cancelling out the first drive torque
change of axis.

Keywords: Bevel gears, Fabrication, Propeller shaft, Reliability, Shaft Driven


Bicycle
INTRODUCTION:
The use of bevel gears allows the axis of the drive torque from the pedals to be turned
through 90 degrees. The drive shaft then has another bevel gear near the rear wheel hub
which meshes with a bevel gear on the hub where the rear sprocket would be on
conventional bike, and cancelling out the first drive torque change of axis.
CONSTTRUCTION:

The shaft is connects the rear wheel and the foot pedal.

The shaft is a drive which have bevel gears at the both ends.
COMPONENTS OF BICYCLE

Pedal:

A bicycle pedal is the part of a bicycle that the rider pushes with their
foot to propel the bicycle. It provides the connection between
the cyclist's foot or shoe and the crank allowing the leg to turn the
bottom bracket spindle and propel the bicycle's wheels. Pedals
usually consist of a spindle that threads into the end of the crank
and a body, on which the foot rests or is attached, that is free to
rotate on bearings with respect to the spindle. Part attached to crank
that cyclist rotate to provide the bicycle power.

Fender:
Piece of curved metal covering a part of wheel to protect the cyclist
from being splashed.
Hub:
Centre part of the wheel from which spoke radiate, inside the hub are
ball bearings enabling to rotate around in axle.

Bevel gear:
A kind of gear in which the two wheels working together lie in different planes and
have their teeth cut at right angles to the
surfaces of two cones whose apices coincide with the point where the axes of the
wheels would meet.

Driven Shaft:
A shaft-driven bicycle is a bicycle that uses a drive shaft instead of a chain to
transmit power from the pedals to the wheel. Shaft
drives were introduced over a century ago, but were mostly supplanted by chain-
driven bicycles due to the gear ranges possible
with sprockets and derailleurs. Recently, due to advancements in internal gear
technology, a small number of modern shaft-driven
bicycles have been introduced.
Merits of Drive Shaft:

1) They have high specific modulus and strength.


2) Reduced weight.
3) Due to the weight reduction, energy consumption will be
reduced.
4) They have high damping capacity hence they produce less
vibration and noise.
5) They have good corrosion resistance.
6) Greater torque capacity than steel or aluminium shaft.
7) Longer fatigue life than steel or aluminium shaft.
8) Lower rotating weight transmits more of available power.
DESIGN ASSUMPTIONS :

1) The shaft rotates at a constant speed about its longitudinal axis.

2) The shaft has a uniform, circular cross section.

3) The shaft is perfectly balanced, i.e., at every cross section, the mass

center coincides with the Geometric center.

4) All damping and nonlinear effects are excluded.

5) Acoustical fluid interactions are neglected, i.e., the shaft is assumed to

be acting in a vacuum.
DESIGN CALCULATION:

MASS OF THE RIDER (m) = 80 KG

SPEED OF THE GEAR (N) = 100RPM

LENGTH OF THE SHAFT = 190mm


(L)

VELOCITY RARIO (i) = 4

INNER DIAMETER OF = 33 & 92


PINON & CROWN (in mm)

OUTER DIAMETER OF = 41 & 132


PINON & CROWN (in mm)
1) Maximum torque applied on bicycle
Torque = weight of rider * length of pedal leaver
T = m*g*L
T = 85*9.81*0.460
T = 158 N-m

2) Rated power (P)


P = 2*∏*N*T/ 60
P = 2*100* ∏ *361/60
P = 1.659KW

3)Design power (Pd)


Pd = KL * P
= 1.25*3.78
= 4.725KW
4) Module (m)
Diameter = module* teeth
41=m*8
m= 5.125
Normal module = 5mm
CALCULATION OF SHAFT

Power (P) = 2.34 kW = 2.34 x 103 W

Speed (N) = 400 rpm

Mass (m) = 85 kg
Assume,
Fatigue factor,
Km = 1, Kt = 0.5
Torque applied,
T = (P x 60) / (2π x N)
= (2.0738 x 103 x 60) / (2π x 400)
T = 49.50 N-m
T = 49.50 x 103 N-mm
WORKING PRINCIPLE

The job involved is the design for suitable drive shaft and replacement of chain drive
smoothly to transmit power from the pedal to the wheel without slip. It needs only a
less maintenance. It is cost effective. Propeller shaft strength is more and also
propeller shaft diameter is less. It absorbs the shock. Because the propeller shaft
center is fitted with the universal joint is a flexible joint. It turns into any angular
position. The both end of the shaft are fitted with the bevel pinion, the bevel pinion
engaged with the crown and power is transmitted to the rear wheel through the
propeller shaft and gear box. With our shaft drive bicycle, there is no more
grease on your hands or your clothes; and no more chain and derailleur
maintenance.

.
ADVANTAGES AND APPLICATIONS
Advantages

1) Drive system is less likely to become jammed.


2) The use of a gear system creates a smoother and more
consistent pedaling motion.
3) Lower maintenance.
4) Efficiency is more as compared to conventional bicycle design.
5) High durability.
6) Low cost of ownership when manufactured in large scale.

Applications

1) It is used for racing purpose.


2) Also used for Off-road riding.(much better)
3) For public and bicycle rental purpose.
TROUBLESHOOTING:

When abnormal vibrations or noises are detected in the driveshaft area,


this chart can be used to help diagnose possible causes.

PROBLEMS AND ITS SOLUTION:

i. As bicycle is accelerated from stop torque is required Apply


more torque at starting
ii. when gears are not shifting rusting Clean with fluids
iii. Vibration at speed High speed Maintain low speed
iv. Noise at low speed Universal joint Apply grease
v. Gears pitch circle is not coincide Vibrations Adjust the
position of gears
vi. Gear backlash Noise, Overloading, Overheating Follow
design characteristics
COST ESTIMATION

S.N ITEMS AMOUNT IN RUPEES


O
1. BICYCLE 700
2. BEVEL GEARS 650
3. SHAFTS 700
4. OTHERS 450
TOTAL 2500
PHOTOGRAPHY OF FINAL PROJECT:
RESULT AND CONCLUSION:

1) The presented work was aimed to reduce the wastage of human power on
bicycle riding.
2) The presented work also deals with optimization i.e. converting rotary motion
into the linear motion with aid of two bevel
gears.
3) Instead of chain drive one piece drive shaft for rear wheel drive bicycle have
been optimally designed and manufactured for
easily power transmission.
4) The result obtained from this work is a useful approximation to help in the
earlier stage of the development, saving
development time and helping in the decision making process to optimize a
design.
5) Hence we are trying to make the transmission smooth and easy by applying the
bevel gears and shaft attachment instead of
chain, chain sprocket.
6) The results obtained from this work is an useful approximation to help in the
earlier stages of the development, saving
development time and helping in the decision making process to optimize a
design.
7) The drive shaft has served as an alternative to a chain-drive in bicycles for the
past century, never becoming very popular.

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