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Database Basics

Data are raw, unorganized facts without inherent meaning. When data is processed and organized in a meaningful way, it becomes information. A database is a collection of information stored in an organized manner that allows for easy access, management, and updating. A database management system (DBMS) enables users to define, create, and maintain the database and provides controlled access to the stored data.

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38 views

Database Basics

Data are raw, unorganized facts without inherent meaning. When data is processed and organized in a meaningful way, it becomes information. A database is a collection of information stored in an organized manner that allows for easy access, management, and updating. A database management system (DBMS) enables users to define, create, and maintain the database and provides controlled access to the stored data.

Uploaded by

Arun
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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What is Data?

Data are some raw, unorganized facts which do not have any
meaning in itself. These are just some numbers, text or
images.

Data are generated based on some observations, records,


measurements and survey.

e.g. Ramesh, Finance, 30, 157, 68, Sachin, HR, 28, 165, 70
What is Information?

When data is processed and organized and represented in a


meaningful way it becomes information.

If we represent above data as below and says that its


employees data in a company it becomes an information
What is Database?

Collection of information stored in an organized manner which


is easy to access, manage and update is called database.
What is DBMS?

A Software System that enables users to define, create and


maintain the database and provides controlled access to
database is called Data Base Management System.
What is RDBMS?

Relational DataBase Management System which stores data in


Tabular (Rows and Columns) form where tables are related to
each other using some key Columns.

Data in a table is accessible using a unique identifier called


Primary Key of that table.

RDBMS was first introduced by Dr. Edgar Frank Codd in 1970’s.


He introduced around 12 rules which we call as 12 Codd Rules.
What is SQL?

SQL stands for Structured Query Language.

SQL was developed in 1970 at IBM and was named SEQUEL


(Structured English QUEry Language) initially.

Later on it was changed to SQL due to a trademark issue (SEQUEL


was a trademark of the UK-based Hawker Siddeley aircraft
company). However many people still pronounce it SEQUEL.
Why it is called Structured?

SQL has predefined syntax and sequencing of keyword used in the


query. For query to work it must be in properly written in structured
way. E.g.

SELECT * FROM emp;


However if someone writes query as
SELECT emp FROM ; or FROM emp SELECT *

It will not work and throw syntax error. That’s why SQL is a
structured language which has predefined syntax written in a proper
sequence.
What is Query?

Query means asking a question or seeking some information.

In Database we query the database using SQL to get the


desired information from database.
Is it a Language?

We need a medium to communicate with others.

When we talk about Oracle Database, we can’t interact with it using languages
like English, French or any other language.

It understands SQL.

Oracle Database Software has been designed to interpret SQL.

SQL : Used for Adding, Modifying, Deleting and fetching Data.


Advantage of SQL

SQL is an English like Language. Whatever keywords we use in


SQL, have general meaning in English language.

SELECT –> Choosing something


INSERT –> Appending or adding something
UPDATE –> Modifying something
DELETE –> Removing something

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