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Leonhard Euler was born in Switzerland in 1707. He was one of the giants of 18th century mathematics and studied under Johann Bernoulli at Basel University. Despite later blindness, Euler remained incredibly prolific, producing nearly 900 books and mathematical papers, averaging one per week in 1775. Euler made seminal contributions to mathematics through the development of mathematical notations and concepts still used today like e, i, Σ, π, functions, and trigonometric functions. His solution to the Konigsberg bridge problem helped establish the field of topology.

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161 views19 pages

MMW

Leonhard Euler was born in Switzerland in 1707. He was one of the giants of 18th century mathematics and studied under Johann Bernoulli at Basel University. Despite later blindness, Euler remained incredibly prolific, producing nearly 900 books and mathematical papers, averaging one per week in 1775. Euler made seminal contributions to mathematics through the development of mathematical notations and concepts still used today like e, i, Σ, π, functions, and trigonometric functions. His solution to the Konigsberg bridge problem helped establish the field of topology.

Uploaded by

Kristen Bael
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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WHO IS LEONHARD EULER?

Born in Basel, Switzerland at 1707

One of the Giants of 18th Century Mathematics

Studied under Johann Bernoulli at Basel


University, but spent most of his academic life in
Russia and Germany
WHO IS LEONHARD EULER?
His blindness later in life did not affect his
prodigious trait for he produced nearly 900
books and in 1775, he produced on average one
mathematical paper every week.
Mathematical Euler’s Identity
Notations
Euler’s Formula Konigsberg
Euler’s CharacteristicProblem
in
MATHEMATICAL
NOTATIONS
𝒆
Base of natural
algorithm.
Constant equal to
MATHEMATICAL
𝒊
Imaginary root. NOTATIONS
Equal to square
root of -1
𝒆
𝒇(𝒙ሻ
Function f applied
to the variable x
MATHEMATICAL
𝒊
NOTATIONS
𝒆
Sigma. The sum or 𝚺
total of set of
numbers
𝒇(𝒙ሻ

MATHEMATICAL
𝒊
NOTATIONS
𝒆
𝚺
Pi. Ratio of the
𝒇(𝒙ሻ 𝝅 circle’s
circumference
to its diameter.

MATHEMATICAL
𝒊
NOTATIONS
𝒆
𝚺

𝒇(𝒙ሻ 𝝅

MATHEMATICAL a, b, c
𝒊 Constants
NOTATIONS
𝒆
𝚺

𝒇(𝒙ሻ 𝝅

MATHEMATICAL a, b, c
𝒊
NOTATIONS
sin, cos, tan
𝒆 cot, sec, csc
Trigonometric
Functions
𝒊𝒙
𝒆 = 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝒙 + 𝒊𝐬𝐢𝐧𝒙
Was derived when Euler was experimenting with
imaginary numbers by putting an i (imaginary
number) to the Taylor Series.
𝒊𝒙
𝒆 = 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝒙 + 𝒊𝐬𝐢𝐧𝒙
establishes the fundamental relationship between
the trigonometric functions and the complex
exponential function.
is the most remarkable formula in trigonometry.

It combines arithmetic, calculus, trigonometry, and


complex analysis.
This can be derived from Euler’s Formula when x =
𝜋.
The Konigsberg Problem presaged
the important mathematical
idea/theorem of topology.
TOPOLOGY
Study of geometric properties and spatial
relations unaffected by the continuous change
of shape or size of figures (i.e. twisting,
stretching, etc.).
EULER’S CHARACTERIZATION
This is something which generalizes Euler's
observation of 1751 that on "triangulating" a
sphere into F regions, E edges and V vertices
one has
V - E + F = 2.

F = Faces
E = Edges
V= Vertices
EULER’S CHARACTERIZATION

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