Introduction To Town Planning
Introduction To Town Planning
Introduction To Town Planning
B. ARCH.
SEMESTER VII, SECTION C
Ar. Tulika
Assistant Professor
ASAP, AUUP
TOWN PLANNING
• Used to indicate the arrangement of
various components or units of a
town in such a way that the town as
such attains the significance of a
living organism.
• Ways and means to be adopted for
the improvement of the existing
towns or for the extension of towns.
• A town/urban planners prepares
layout plans of carries out
researches such that final results
are enjoyed by all sectors of public.
TOWN PLANNING
SCIENCE ART
ARRANGING THE
COLLECTING, CORRELATING COMPONENTS OF A TOWN
AND ANLYZING THE FACTS AS TO MAKE IT AESTHETIC,
ABOUT A TOWN CONVINIENT, ECONOMICAL
AND EFFICIENT.
EVOLUTION OF TOWNS
• Primitive men used to stay in tribes forming groups for
mutual protection for carrying out businesses and
maintained social life
BEAUTY/
CONVENIENCE
AESTHETIC
ENVIRONMENT HEALTH
ECONOMIC JUSTIFICATION OF TOWN
PLANNING
• Better utilization of the resources of the community
• Best planned towns, where aggregate land values are the
maximum
• Proper utilization of available land
• Assessment of economic worth of the town planning:
• Change in quantity of resources
• Demand for goods and services
• Production techniques
• Redistribution of land values
PRINCIPLES OF TOWN PLANNING
GREEN BELT
HOUSING
PUBLIC BUILDINGS
RECREATION CENTRES
ROAD SYSTEMS
TRANSPORT FACILITIES
ZONING
NECESSITY OF TOWN PLANNING
• The necessity of town planning can very well be
appreciated by mentioning the evil situation which a town
has to face in the absence of town planning. These are:
PROBLEM CONSEQUENCE
DEFECTIVE ROAD SYSTEM Formation of narrow streets and lanes
Traffic congestion during peak hours
Noisy atmosphere
UNPLANNED HOUSING Development of slums and squatter
FAULTY ZONING Haphazard location of industries
INADEQUATE OPEN SPACES Unhealthy living
LACK OF ESSENTIAL AMENITIES Improper electricity distribution,
drainage, water supply
UNCONTROLLED DEVELOPEMNT Degraded quality of living
OF TOWNS Unhealthy living conditions
ORIGIN OF TOWNS
Contributing forces in origin of towns are:
• Topographical features
• Conditions favorable for industrial units
• Hilly areas to achieve objectives of defence
• Plain areas useful for business activities
• River banks
• Sea or ocean fronts
• Functional aspects
• Education
• Health resorts
• Political
• Religious
GROWTH OF TOWNS
• The towns grow in a number of ways and various forces
which contribute to the overall development of a town are:
• Transport facilities
• Installation of industries
• Expansion of factories
• Provision of defense and security
• Availability of electric power
• Political importance
• Proximity of agricultural lands etc.
GROWTH OF TOWNS
• Growth of towns can be studied in two ways:
1. Natural growth
1. Concentric spread
2. Ribbon development
3. Satellite growth
4. Scattered growth
2. Planned growth
CLASSIFICATION OF TOWNS
Sir Patrick Geddes classified towns broadly into
three categories:
• PRIMARY: produce human necessities e.g. agricultural
villages
educational facilities
STAGES OF TOWN DEVELOPMENT
• Eopolis: The Eopolis indicates the first stage of town as a village
community whose economic base is agriculture.
• Polis: The Polis indicates and association of population with some
mechanization and specialization.
• Metropolis: The metropolis is a city or town which serves as a capital
of a state or region.
• Megalopolis: The megalopolis indicates the first stage of decline in
town or city due to mega problems & issues, or the reign of town or
city shows the signs of decline and deterioration.
• Tyranopolis: the Tyranopolis is the town or city which shows drastic
deteriorating situation for example the trade depression or military
powers may occur with different war lords.
• Necropolis: the necropolis is the worst stage of town or city. For
example the citizens are shifting to rural areas or hinter land or village
due to war, disease or economic break down. In that case the town
may recover from it after a large internal of time.
Classification of Town/ Cities according to
India Census and RBI
• Towns are further
classified into different
classes based on the
size of population:
• Class I: 100,000 and
above;
• Class II: 50,000 to 99,999;
• Class III: 20,000 to 49,999;
• Class IV: 10,000 to 19,999;
• Class V: 5,000 to 9,999
and
PLANNING AS A CONTINUOUS
PROCESS