The kidney filters blood to remove waste and regulate water levels. Each kidney contains millions of nephrons that perform filtration. In the nephron, blood is filtered by the glomerulus into a glomerular filtrate containing water, glucose, salts, and urea. However, the filtrate still contains useful components that need to be reabsorbed back into the bloodstream. As the filtrate passes through the nephron tube, variable amounts of water, glucose, and salts are reabsorbed, leaving excess water, salts, and urea to exit the body as urine. The kidney thus excretes waste while regulating water concentration in the blood through selective reabsorption.
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The kidney filters blood to remove waste and regulate water levels. Each kidney contains millions of nephrons that perform filtration. In the nephron, blood is filtered by the glomerulus into a glomerular filtrate containing water, glucose, salts, and urea. However, the filtrate still contains useful components that need to be reabsorbed back into the bloodstream. As the filtrate passes through the nephron tube, variable amounts of water, glucose, and salts are reabsorbed, leaving excess water, salts, and urea to exit the body as urine. The kidney thus excretes waste while regulating water concentration in the blood through selective reabsorption.
The kidney filters blood to remove waste and regulate water levels. Each kidney contains millions of nephrons that perform filtration. In the nephron, blood is filtered by the glomerulus into a glomerular filtrate containing water, glucose, salts, and urea. However, the filtrate still contains useful components that need to be reabsorbed back into the bloodstream. As the filtrate passes through the nephron tube, variable amounts of water, glucose, and salts are reabsorbed, leaving excess water, salts, and urea to exit the body as urine. The kidney thus excretes waste while regulating water concentration in the blood through selective reabsorption.
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The kidney filters blood to remove waste and regulate water levels. Each kidney contains millions of nephrons that perform filtration. In the nephron, blood is filtered by the glomerulus into a glomerular filtrate containing water, glucose, salts, and urea. However, the filtrate still contains useful components that need to be reabsorbed back into the bloodstream. As the filtrate passes through the nephron tube, variable amounts of water, glucose, and salts are reabsorbed, leaving excess water, salts, and urea to exit the body as urine. The kidney thus excretes waste while regulating water concentration in the blood through selective reabsorption.
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Kidney in Detail
Standard Grade Biology
Excretion by the Kidney • Urea -nitrogenous waste -made by liver -excess amino acids in blood -toxic
• Why must nitrogenous waste be excreted?
1 – Filtration by the Kidney •Supplied with blood from renal artery Renal Lets have a artery look at a •Inside it splits into nephron!!! many fine capillaries Renal •Each capillary vein supplies blood to hundreds of thousands of tiny filtration units called Ureter nephrons 1. Glomerulus brings a large surface area of blood capillaries in close contact Blood from with Bowman’s capsule renal artery enters wide capillary 2. Liquid filtered from blood under pressure (filtration)
3. Glomerular filtrate produced
Blood travels containing: through -water narrow -glucose Filtration capillary -salts towards rena -urea vein Glomerular filtrate (Protein molecules and red blood cells do not pass into tubule as they are TOO BIG!!!!) Think… • Which feature of the glomerulus helps the process of filtration?
• Which 4 components of unfiltered blood
appear in the glomerular filtrate?
• Why do blood cells and protein molecules
not appear in the glomerular filtrate? Key Words!! Nephron: structure in the kidney that acts as a microscopic filtration unit
Glomerulus: dense mass of very fine blood capillaries at
the nephron that act as a filter
Bowman’s capusle:cup-shaped part of the nephron that
holds a glomerulus and collects the products of filtration from it
Glomerular filtrate: liquid removed from the blood by
filtration in the kidney 2 – Reabsorption by the Kidney • Once the main components of glomerulur filtrate enter the bloodstream -they are no longer in bloodstream
• If nothing more happened in the nephron then all
the useful stuff would be lost in the urine!
• Therefore, glucose, water and some salts need
to be reabsorbed! More water reabsorbed
Glucose reabsorbed Final urine containing: -excess water -unneeded salts -waste urea
Variable amounts of water
and salts reabsorbed and filtrate gradually turning into urine Think…. • Which three components of the glomerular filtrate are reabsorbed?
• Why is it important for these to be
reabsorbed?
• Which substances are present in the final
urine? • Summary of kidney function 2 – Controlling Water Concentration • Blood -important part of internal environment -constantly changing water concentration -e.g. exercising drinking lots of water
• The body uses negative feedback control
to regulate water content of the blood How does it work? • Control of Water animation This powerpoint was kindly donated to www.worldofteaching.com
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