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Decision Making Process

The document outlines a 6-step decision making process: 1) Identify the real problem accurately by separating it from symptoms. 2) Identify relevant decision criteria like salary, opportunities, job environment, incentives, facilities, and location. 3) Discover alternative courses of action through research and creativity. 4) Evaluate each alternative's advantages and disadvantages through ratings. 5) Select the best alternative that seems most suited. 6) Implement the decision and follow up on results, repeating steps as needed if the problem is not resolved.

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Mustafeed Uddin
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58 views16 pages

Decision Making Process

The document outlines a 6-step decision making process: 1) Identify the real problem accurately by separating it from symptoms. 2) Identify relevant decision criteria like salary, opportunities, job environment, incentives, facilities, and location. 3) Discover alternative courses of action through research and creativity. 4) Evaluate each alternative's advantages and disadvantages through ratings. 5) Select the best alternative that seems most suited. 6) Implement the decision and follow up on results, repeating steps as needed if the problem is not resolved.

Uploaded by

Mustafeed Uddin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Decision Making Process

By Dr. Anees Fatima


“
◦ According to Baker -“efficient
decision-making involves a series
of steps that require the input of
information at different stages of
the process, as well as a process
for feedback
“
◦ • In Psychology-
decision-making is regarded as the
cognitive process resulting in the
selection of a belief or a course of
action among several alternative
possibilities
What does Decision Making really mean?
◦
“
Defined simply as: “ A
process of making a
choice between a
numbers of options and
committing to a future
course of actions”.
6 Steps
in
Decision
Making
Process
Step 1:
The decision-making process begins when a
manager identifies the real problem. The accurate
definition of the problem affects all the steps that
follow; if the problem is inaccurately defined, every
step in the decision-making process will be based on
an incorrect starting point. One way that a manager
can help determines the true problem in a situation is
by identifying the problem separately from its
symptoms. The most obviously troubling situations
found in an organization can usually be identified as
symptoms of underlying problems.
Identification of a Problem
A problem is defined as a discrepancy between an existing
and a desired state of affairs. Some cautions about problem
identification include the following:
1. Make sure it’s a problem and not just a symptom of a
problem.
2. Problem identification is subjective.
3. Discrepancies can be found by comparing current results
with some standard.
4. Managers aren’t likely to characterize a discrepancy as a
problem if they perceive that they don’t have the authority,
information, or other resources needed to act on it. So the
problem we are identifying is to get a job in a school with
maximum salary and benefits.
Step 2:
Identification of Decision Criteria
Decision criteria are factors that are
important (relevant) to resolving the
problem: So the factors which are
relevant in solving our problems are:
1) Salary
2) Opportunity to progress
3) Job Env0irment
4) Incentives
5) Facilities
6) Job securities
7) Locati0n
8) Timings
Step 2
• This stage is where you will do an extensive
analysis of the issue and really delve into many
facets.
• This is necessary to classify the problem in order to
know who must take the decision and who must be
informed about the decision taken.
This step includes:
Explore the issue from different perspective(ex: using
the diverse expertise of your decision-making team)
Ask what, why, when, who, where, and how questions
so the issue is fully revealed.)
Refine the decision statement based on this analysis.
Step 3
Discover alternative courses of action • In this step of
the decision-making process, you will list all possible
and desirable alternatives.
• Here, you do not have to restrict yourself to think
about the very obvious options, rather you can use your
creative skills and come out with alternatives that may
look a little irrelevant.
• You would also have to do adequate research to
come up with the necessary facts that would aid in
solving the problem.
Step 4 Evaluate alternatives
• One of the most important stages of the
decision-making procedure where you have to
analyze each alternative you have come up
with.
• This step includes:
• Finding out the advantages and
disadvantages of each option.
• Filter out the options that you think are
impossible or do not serve your purpose.
• Rating each option with a numerical digit
would also help in the filtration process.
Step 5 Select the best alternatives
• In this step is where the hard work
you have put in analyzing would
lead to a proper decision.
• This includes selecting the
alternative which seems to be best
suited to you.
• Choice of the best alternative is
the most critical point in decision
making.
• Step 6 Implementing and follow up action • In
this step you experience the results of your
decision and evaluate whether or not it has
“solved” the need you identified in Step 1. If it
has, you may stay with this decision for some
period of time.
• If the decision has not resolved the identified
need, you may repeat certain steps of the
process in order to make a new decision.
• Ex: example, gather more detailed or somewhat
different information or discover additional
alternatives on which to base your decision.
Thank you

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