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Operating Systems: Systems and Application Software

Operating systems perform common hardware functions, provide a user interface, and manage system resources. The choice of operating system must consider current and future application software needs and be compatible with hardware. Popular personal computer operating systems include Windows, Mac OS, and Linux distributions.

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Mayank Garg
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111 views43 pages

Operating Systems: Systems and Application Software

Operating systems perform common hardware functions, provide a user interface, and manage system resources. The choice of operating system must consider current and future application software needs and be compatible with hardware. Popular personal computer operating systems include Windows, Mac OS, and Linux distributions.

Uploaded by

Mayank Garg
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Operating systems

Systems and Application Software

Hergovind Singh
 When selecting an operating system, you must consider the
current and future needs for application software to meet the
needs of the organization. In addition, your choice of a
particular operating system must be consistent with your choice
of hardware.

 Identify & describe the functions of the 2 basic kinds of


software.
 Outline the role of the operating system & identify the
features of several popular operating systems.
An Overview of Software

 Computer program - sequences of instructions for the


computer
 Documentation - describes program functions
 Systems software - coordinates the activities of hardware
& programs
 Applications software - helps users solve particular
problems
The Importance of Software in Business
Supporting Individual, Group, and Organizational needs
Operating Systems

 Perform common hardware functions


 Provide a user interface
 Provide hardware independence
 Manage system memory
 Manage processing
 Control access to system resources
 Manage files
The Role of the Operating System
Common Hardware Functions

 Accept keyboard input


 Store data on disks
 Send data to output devices
User Interface

 Command-based interfaces
 Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs)
Hardware Independence
Memory Management
Processing Tasks

 Multitasking - more than one program can


run at a time using a single processor
 Time-sharing - multiple users can
simultaneously use the resources of a
single processor
 Scalability - easy adaptation to more users
or tasks
Access to System Resources

 Protection against unauthorized access


 Logins and passwords
Personal Computer Operating Systems
Personal Computer Operating Systems
Workgroup Operating Systems

 Netware
 Windows NT Server 4.0
 Windows 2000 Server
 Unix
 Red Hat Linux
 Mac OS X Server
Enterprise Operating Systems

 IBM’s OS/390
 HP’s MPE/iX (Multiprogramming Executive
with integrated POSIX)
 IBM’s z/OS
 Linux
Consumer Appliance Operating Systems

 Windows CE.NET
 Mobil Linux
 Windows XP Embedded
 Handheld PC
 Pocket PC
 Palm OS
Nokia 7650
Utility Programs
Types and Functions of Applications Software
Sources of Software
Comparison of Proprietary and Off-the-Shelf Software
Personal Application Software
Personal and Application Software
Personal and Application Software
Workgroup Application Software

 Groupware
 Collaborative computing software
Group Scheduling
Examples of Enterprise Application Software
Enterprise Application Software
Selected Enterprise Resource
Vendors
Programming Languages

 Commands and statements combined according

to a particular syntax

 Different languages have different characteristics


Programming Languages
First-Generation Languages

 Machine language
 ASCII (American Standard Code for Information
Interchange)
Second-Generation Languages

 Assembly languages
 Assemblers
 Symbolic language
Third-Generation Languages
Fourth-Generation Languages

 4GLs
 Programs tell the CPU the desired results,
not how to get them
 Examples: SQL, SAS
Fifth-Generation Languages

 5GLs
 Uses a visual or graphical development
interface to create source language
 Examples: Visual Basic, PC COBOL, and
Visual C++
Object-Oriented Programming Languages

 Objects - data and actions that can be performed on the


data
 Encapsulation - group items into an object
 Polymorphism - one procedure can work with multiple
objects
 Inheritance - an object in a particular class gets attributes
of that class
Object-Oriented Programming Languages
Software Issues & Trends

 Software bugs
 Open source software
 Software licensing
 Software upgrades
 Global software support
 Antitrust issues for software
How to Deal with Software Bugs
Summary

 Software - consists of programs that control the


workings of the computer hardware
 Operating system - set of computer programs that
controls the computer hardware
 Application - software that applies the power of the
computer to solve problems and perform specific
tasks
 Programming languages - provide instructions to a
computer to perform some processing activity

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