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L4 Understanding Local Networks

This document discusses local neural networks, including: - The human brain is a biological neural network made up of interconnected neurons that transmit electrical signals. - Neural networks allow for complex information processing through combining activity from many neurons to determine things like color, sound frequency, and direction. - Scientists have identified the part of the brain that provides an "internal compass" and tells us which direction we are facing when navigating. This helps explain individual differences in navigational ability.

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255 views19 pages

L4 Understanding Local Networks

This document discusses local neural networks, including: - The human brain is a biological neural network made up of interconnected neurons that transmit electrical signals. - Neural networks allow for complex information processing through combining activity from many neurons to determine things like color, sound frequency, and direction. - Scientists have identified the part of the brain that provides an "internal compass" and tells us which direction we are facing when navigating. This helps explain individual differences in navigational ability.

Uploaded by

albert
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lesson 3: Understanding Local Networks

Introduction:
Who are we? Where do we come from? Why are we
here? Where are we going? Why and how are we
connected?
Introduction
This chapter will present connections and
relationships through the neural network system
and the energy that keeps people connected. It
embarks on how the brain and the neural networks
works, how the energy keeps people connected,
and how connections and relationships keep them
together and at the same time draw them away
from each other. It deals as well with the power of
the information and communications technology.
Neural Networks
• How do connections, relationships, and
network work? The human brain is a
biological neural network. It functions on
how things and processes interconnect
and work interdependently. It has the
capacity to adjust through the 21st century
environment.
Main Ideas
• The human brain is a biological neural
network.
• The Human brain has the capacity to
adjust through the 21st century
environment.
• The human brain functions on how
connections, relationships. And networks
work.
Let’s Recall
Create a social map that traces the various
roles you play in your community(family
member, community leader, etc.) and rank
the significance of the roles you play within
your community.
A social map is a visual representation of
a social network
Objectives
1. Illustrate how the brain or neural
network works.
2. Identify connections, relationships,
and networks.
3. Compare neural networks with social
networks.
4. Identify Significant social roles within
the community by creating a social
map of relationships.
The Human Brain as the Neural Network
Daniel Shiffman

• The human brain can be described as


biological neural network – an
interconnected web neurons transmitting
elaborate patterns of electrical signals.
Dendrites receive input signals and based
on those inputs, fire an output signal via
an axon. How the human brain actually
works is an elaborate and complex
mystery.
Neurons have specialized projections called
dendrites and axons.
Dendrites bring information to the cell body
and axons take information away from the
cell body.
Information from one neuron flows to
another neuron across a synapse. The
synapse contains a small gap
separating neurons.
• Developing engaging animated systems
does not require scientific rigor or
accuracy. It can simply be inspired by the
idea of brain function..
• Computer Scientists have long been
inspired by the human brain. In 1943,
Warren S. McCulloch, a neuroscientist,
and Walter Pitts, a logician, developed the
first conceptual model of an artificial
neural network. In their paper, “ A logical
calculus of the ideas imminent in nervous
activity,”
• A logical calculus of the ideas imminent in
nervous activity,” they describe the
concept of a neuron, a single cell living in
a network of cells that receives inputs,
processes those inputs, and generates an
output.
Neural Networks
• Individual neurons cannot carry enough
information to determine the taste of a bite of
food or the color of an object. Color processing,
for example, depends on just four labeled lines
carrying information about red, green, blue and
yellow light. However, we can distinguish
millions of colors by comparing the relative
activity in these four pathways.In other cases,
the brain combines activity from number of
neurons.
• A good example is the discrimination of
sound in the lower frequency range.
Neurons from the ear “follow” frequencies
up to about 5,000 cycles per second, but
you know that a single neurons cannot fire
more often than about 1,000 times per
second. However, some neurons will be
firing on each wave of the sound, and the
brain must pool their activity to determine
the sounds frequency.
Neurons (also known as neurones, nerve
cells and nerve fibers) are electrically
excitable cells in the nervous system
that function to process and transmit
information. In vertebrate
animals, neurons are the core components
of the brain, spinal cord and peripheral
nerves.
Neural networks
o are group of neurons that function together
to carry out a process.
o are where the most complex neutral
processing- the “computing” work of the
brain – is carried out. Sometimes, these
networks involve a relatively small number
of neurons in a single area, such as
groups of neurons in a part of the rat’s
brain called the hippocampus.
Scientists Locate “ Internal Compass” in the brain
xinhua
London- the part of the brain that tells us the
direction to travel when we navigate has been
identified by British scientists, a study showed on
Friday.
It has long been known that some people are
better at navigating than others, but until now it has
been unclear why.
The latest study, led by researchers from
University College of London (UCL), shows that the
strength and reliability of “homing signals” in the
human brain vary among people and can predict
navigational ability.
The researchers reveals that the part of the
brain that signals which direction you are facing.

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