Buckling Restrained Braced Frames

BUCKLING RESTRAINED
BRACED FRAMES
Presented by
ASHLIN T V
BUCKLING RESTRAINED BRACED FRAMES
INTRODUCTION
 The brace which attempts to inhibit buckling under

compression is called Buckling Restrained Brace
 Allow the building to withstand cyclical lateral

loadings, typically earthquake-induced loading
 Ability to yield both in tension and compression

without buckling
7/7/2019 Department of Civil Engineering 2

NEED FOR A BETTER BRACE
BRBF
SCBF
• Degradation of
brace capacity
CBF
and stiffness
• Connection
• Brace fracture
failure
• Undesirable
• Member fracture
system response
• Loss of strength
and stiffness
FUNDAMENTALS OF BRB BEHAVIOUR
Concentric brace
Yielding
brace
Buckling
brace
Buckling
restrained BRB yielding
brace in both
tension and
compression
Fig. 1 Behaviour of Brace [4]

Fig. 2. Hysteresis plot for buckling-restrained brace and

concentric brace [4]

COMPOSITION
+ =
Unbonded Casing
Material Concrete
Core
Fig. 3. Composition of BRB [8]
DESIGN PROCEDURE


FRAME LAYOUT AND CONFIGURATION
Inverted V-bracing V-bracing Diagonal Bracing

(Same direction)
Diagonal Bracing (Zig-Zag) Multi-storey X-bracing

Fig. 5. BRBF Configurations [6]
CASE STUDY
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION
Fig. 6. Frame Model With Loading Arrangement [3]

 DISCUSSION
Table 1. Un-Braced Frame [3]
STOREY
APPLIED STOREY
DEFLECTION
LOAD (Kg) LEVEL
(mm)
2.5 Top 2.19

5 Bottom 0.45
5 Top 3.78
10 Bottom 1.03
7.5 Top 5.86
15 Bottom 1.87
10 Top 9.64
20 Bottom 2.27 Fig. 7 Load vs. Deflection for Un-Braced
Frame [3]

Table 2 Conventionally Braced Frame [3]
STOREY
APPLIED STOREY
DEFLECTION
LOAD (Kg) LEVEL
(mm)
2.5 Top 0.96

5 Bottom 0.34
5 Top 2.4
10 Bottom 0.99
7.5 Top 3.31
15 Bottom 1.22
10 Top 6.66
20 Bottom 2.81
Fig. 8 Load vs. Deflection for

Conventionally Frame [3]

Table 3 Buckling Restrained Frame [3]

STOREY
APPLIED STOREY
DEFLECTION
LOAD (Kg) LEVEL
(mm)
2.5 Top 0.35
5 Bottom 0.19
5 Top 1.66
10 Bottom 0.48
7.5 Top 3.31
15 Bottom 1.87
10 Top 5.23
20 Bottom 1.43
12.5 Top 5.46
25 Bottom 1.69
Fig. 9. Load vs. Deflection for

Buckling Restrained Braced Frame [3]
 RESULT
• Lateral deflection of frame for a specific horizontal load is much less in
buckling restrained frame as compared to conventional braced frame, using
the same cross section of a brace.
• The average ratio of lateral displacement of conventional braced frame to

buckling restrained braced frame is 1.215. This shows BRB is more
effective in resisting the lateral deflection.
• The average ratio of lateral load caring capacity of conventional braced

frame to buckling restrained braced frame for a specified lateral deflection
is 1.33. This shows the lateral load caring capacity of BRB is more than
conventional brace.

ADVANTAGES
 Stable hysteretic behaviour and high energy dissipation

capacity
 It can be easily connected to the structural system
 Limited sensitivity to environmental condition changes
 It yields in both tension and compression
 The BRB element can if necessary be replaced after a

major seismic event.
 Depending on the configuration used, BRBF’s can give

lower foundation loads than comparable shear wall
systems
 It is easy to adopt in seismic retrofitting
 Does not usually require structural members and

foundation strengthening

DISADVANTAGES
 Lack of re-centering mechanism
 Lack of criteria for detecting and checking damaged

braces
 Ductility properties strongly affected by the geometry

and material type of the yielding steel core segment
 Further studies regarding the reliability of brace

connections to the frame are required
FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS
 Enhanced Seismic Stability and Residual Drift Control
Fig. 4. BRBF – SMRF [6] Fig. 5. BRBF - Elastic Truss

[6]
 Novel BRB Configurations
Fig. 6. Interior vertically oriented

BRBs at the base of frame [6]
Fig. 7. Exterior outrigger BRB [6]

APPLICATIONS
 Osaka International Convention Centre, Japan
 Casad Dam, US
 Wallace F. Bennet Federal Building, Utah
 One Rincon Hill Tower, San Francisco

CONCLUSION
 Behaves more effectively, when it is subjected to a
seismic force
 Provides the cost effective solution in lateral load

resisting system as compared to conventional brace
 BRB use the inherent ductility of steel to provide system

ductility

REFERENCES
 Bhargava Laxmi Goli et al. (2017), “ Analytical Study of Buckling Restrained
Frames Under Lateral Loads Using ETABS”, International Journal of Pure
and Applied Mechanics, 15, 431-435
 Gary S. Prinz & Paul W. Richards (2012), “Seismic Performance of Buckling-

Restrained Braced Frames with Eccentric Configurations”, American Society of
Civil Engineers, 138, 345-353
 Kumbhar Y D & Dr. Shiyekar M R (2014), “ Study of Buckling Restrained

Braces in Steel Frame Building”, International Journal of Engineering
Research and Applications, 4(8), 71-74
 Nayana Surendran & Asha Varma P (2017), “Buckling Restrained Braces

(BRB) – A Review”, International Research Journal of Engineering and
Technology, 4(3), 2320-2324
 Frames”, Modern Steel Construction
 Reza Bagerzadeh Karimi M et al. (2015), “Seismic Behavior of Steel Structure

with Buckling Restrained Braces”, International Journal of Civil and
Environmental Engineering, 9, 503-511
 Robinson K S (2014), “Advances in design requirements for Buckling

Restrained Braced frames”, New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering
Conference
 Ryan A. Kersting & Larry A. Fahnestock, Walterio A. López (2015), “Seismic

Design of Steel Buckling-Restrained Braced Frames”, National Institute of
Standards and Technology
 Yamini Komath & Preethi M (2017), “Review On Structural Performance Of

Braced Steel Sturtures Under Dynamic Loading”, International Research
Journal of Engineering and Technology, 4(6), 1535-1539
Thank you

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BUCKLING RESTRAINED

 The brace which attempts to inhibit buckling under

 Allow the building to withstand cyclical lateral

 Ability to yield both in tension and compression

7/7/2019 Department of Civil Engineering 2

NEED FOR A BETTER BRACE

FUNDAMENTALS OF BRB BEHAVIOUR

Fig. 1 Behaviour of Brace [4]

Fig. 2. Hysteresis plot for buckling-restrained brace and

7/7/2019 Department of Civil Engineering 5

7/7/2019 Department of Civil Engineering 7

7/7/2019 Department of Civil Engineering 8

FRAME LAYOUT AND CONFIGURATION

Inverted V-bracing V-bracing Diagonal Bracing

Diagonal Bracing (Zig-Zag) Multi-storey X-bracing

Fig. 6. Frame Model With Loading Arrangement [3]

7/7/2019 Department of Civil Engineering 11

2.5 Top 2.19

7/7/2019 Department of Civil Engineering 12

Table 2 Conventionally Braced Frame [3]

2.5 Top 0.96

Fig. 8 Load vs. Deflection for

7/7/2019 Department of Civil Engineering 13

Table 3 Buckling Restrained Frame [3]

Fig. 9. Load vs. Deflection for

• The average ratio of lateral displacement of conventional braced frame to

• The average ratio of lateral load caring capacity of conventional braced

7/7/2019 Department of Civil Engineering 15

 Stable hysteretic behaviour and high energy dissipation

 It can be easily connected to the structural system

 Limited sensitivity to environmental condition changes

 It yields in both tension and compression

 The BRB element can if necessary be replaced after a

 Depending on the configuration used, BRBF’s can give

 It is easy to adopt in seismic retrofitting

 Does not usually require structural members and

7/7/2019 Department of Civil Engineering 17

 Lack of re-centering mechanism

 Lack of criteria for detecting and checking damaged

 Ductility properties strongly affected by the geometry

 Further studies regarding the reliability of brace

Fig. 4. BRBF – SMRF [6] Fig. 5. BRBF - Elastic Truss

 Novel BRB Configurations

Fig. 6. Interior vertically oriented

Fig. 7. Exterior outrigger BRB [6]

7/7/2019 Department of Civil Engineering 20

 Osaka International Convention Centre, Japan

 Wallace F. Bennet Federal Building, Utah

 One Rincon Hill Tower, San Francisco

7/7/2019 Department of Civil Engineering 21

 Provides the cost effective solution in lateral load

 BRB use the inherent ductility of steel to provide system

7/7/2019 Department of Civil Engineering 22

 Gary S. Prinz & Paul W. Richards (2012), “Seismic Performance of Buckling-

 Kumbhar Y D & Dr. Shiyekar M R (2014), “ Study of Buckling Restrained

 Nayana Surendran & Asha Varma P (2017), “Buckling Restrained Braces

 Frames”, Modern Steel Construction

 Reza Bagerzadeh Karimi M et al. (2015), “Seismic Behavior of Steel Structure

 Robinson K S (2014), “Advances in design requirements for Buckling