Non-Verbal

(Body Language and

Micro-expression)

#BUENVIAJE Skills Session 1

Afternoon Part
 Topic Outline
Non-Verbal Behavior
– Macro Expression
– Micro Expression
Reading Body Signals
 Non-Verbal:
Macro Expression
• The general type of expressions that occur
in 4 to 5 seconds of time.
Gestures and Postures
 Common Gesture Clusters
• Openness
• Defensiveness
• Evaluation
• Suspicion, Secrecy, Rejection, Doubt
• Readiness
• Nervousness
• Boredom
• Impatience
• Enthusiam
Handshake
Handshake
 Posture and Stance
• Standing
• Sitting
• Lying

• Some Common Postures

– Sagging – Depression
– Forward Lean – Positive Attitude
– Backward Lean – Negative Attitude
Walking
Face
 Mouth
• Happiness : Mouth curved upwards - higher
eyebrows - eyes wide open

• Anger : Mouth curved downward - eyebrows with the

tip slightly lower down - eyes wide open

• Scared : Mouth erratically curved down, higher

eyebrows with irregularly shaped - eyes wide open

• Sadness : Mouth curved downward; eyebrows with

the tip slightly up - eyes with lower eyelids
Smiling
Looking...
• How long do you look?

– Staring- dehumanizes or challenges

– Glances - socially acceptable timing
– Appraisal- may indicate interest

• Do you look when you talk?

• Do you look when you listen?

 Purpose of Eye Contact
• speaking information
• showing attention and interest
• inviting and controlling interaction
• domineering, threatening, influencing
others
• providing feedback during speech
• revealing attitudes
 Eye Cues
• too much eye contact
– dominance, lack of respect, threat, wish to
insult

• too little eye contact

– not paying attention, insincere, polite, shy

• withdrawing eyes
– sign of submission
Eye Cues
 What is body language?
• nonverbal communication

– Body Language: posture, facial expressions,

gestures. eye contact, touching

– Use of Environment: distance between/among

people, arrangement of furniture, clothing
 How does the body speak?

• Like any spoken language, body language

has words, sentences and punctuation.
• Each gesture is like a single word and one
word may have several different meanings
 Non-Verbal:
Macro Expression
• The general type of expressions that
occur in 4 to 5 seconds of time.
 Why is Body Language
Important?
• Body Language plays a big role in
intuition as it gives us messages about
the other person, that we can interpret
at an intuitive level.
Be Careful
Misinterpretation = Misunderstanding,
Troubles
Misunderstanding/Troubles

• Wrong assumptions

• Misinterpretation of Signals

• Conflict with peers

Review...
• Common Gestures

– Shoulder shrug: "I don't know"

– puffed chest: achievement, pride
– finger crossing: protection
– thumb upping: best luck, victory
– rubbing palm together: positive expectation
• Common Gestures

– Thumb and finger rubbing: money expectancy

– hands clenched together: confidence
– steepling hands: frustrated, request
– palm in palm: authority
– hand gripping wrist: frustration
• Common Gestures
– hands in pocket: aggression
– hands on hips: aggressive, achiever stance
– mouth guard: suppressing deceitful words,
telling lie
– nose touching: listener doubting speaker's
words, disguising own words, mind your own
business
• Common Gestures
– eye rub, avoiding eye contact, lying
– finger in mouth: needs assurance, making
decision
– chin stroking: making a decision
– clenched teeth: anger, lying
– both hands at the back of neck: calculating,
everything under control, relaxing
BODY
LANGUAGE
EYES
MOUTH
HEAD
ARMS
HANDS
HANDSHAKES
LEGS AND FEET
PERSONAL SPACE
 "Reading Others:
Emotions thru Facial Expressions
Micro Expression
 Expression are generally
categorized into three types:
1. Macro Expressions:

2. Micro Expressions: Involuntary

expressions that occur in a blink of an eye.
The duration of this kind of expressions are
from 1/5th of a second to 1/25th of a
second.

3. Subtle Expressions: Involuntary expressions

that only depends on the intensity of the
expression rather than the duration.
Let’s play!
Anger:
Disgust
 Micro-expression

What are micro-expressions?

 Brief & involuntary facial expressions
shown on human faces according to
emotions experienced
 Micro-expression
The 7 universal emotions
– Disgust
– Anger
– Fear
– Sadness
– Happiness
– Surprise
– Contempt
 Micro-expression

Who is the man of importance in

this realm?
 Paul Ekman
○ Believes that facial expressions are
universal rather than culturally
determined
○ Developed systems like the FACS, Facial
Action Coding System, EMFACS,
Emotion Facial Action Coding System
 Unmasking the Face
(A Guide to Recognizing
Emotions from Facial Clues)
• Paul Ekman
– Professor psychology in the department of
psychiatry at he University of California
Medical School, San Francisco…
• Wallace V Friesen
– Lecturer in Psychology and Research
Psychologist at the University of
California… as a co-investigator with Paul
Ekman…
Paul Ekman

Darwin, Deunne,
Efron
 Why mistakes are made in
understanding facial expression of
emotion?

The Face as a Multi-signal, Multi-message

system (static, slow, rapid facial
movements)
Not Watching Faces
The Communication Barrage
Controlling the Face
 Micro-expression
• The 7 universal emotions
– Disgust
– Anger
– Fear
– Sadness
– Happiness
– Surprise
– Contempt
 Micro-expression
• Extended version by Ekman
– Amusement
– Contempt
– Embarrassment
– Excitement
– Guilt
– Pride
– Relief
– Satisfaction
– Pleasure
– Shame
Emotion Action Units
Inner + Outer Brow Raise + Slight Upper Lid
Surprise
Raise + Jaw Drop
Inner Brow Raise + Lower Brow + Lip Corner
Sadness
Depressing
Happiness Cheek Raise + Lip Corner Pulling
Fear Inner + Outer Brow Raise + Upper Lid Raise
Nose Wrinkle + Lip Corner Depressing +
Disgust
Lower Lip Depressing
Contempt Slightest Lip Corner Puller + Slightest Dimple
Lower Brow + Upper Lid Raise + Lid
Anger
Tightened + Lip Tightened
 Test yourself!
http://www.cio.com/article/facial-expressions-test
What Does He
Feel?
?
?
This Is an
Easy One!
?
?
 Let’s play!

How do we spot a fake or

genuine smile?
Genuine
Fake
 Micro-expression
• is for psychotherapists, ministers, physicians
and nurses, trial lawyers, personal managers,
salesmen, teachers, actors…
• Teacher
– Needs to know whether or not the students
understand what he is saying.
– Interest, concentration, and perplexity are shown
on the face.
Steps to Assess Your Own Style of
Facial Expression
• Phase 1 – TAKING PICTURES
• Phase 2 – ANALYZING PICTURES
• Phase 3 – USING A MIRROR

– the steps in these three phases should teach

you about your own face and increase your
awareness of other people’s facial
expressions,….
 the more sensitive you become to the
complexities of facial expression – the more
you know about your own face – the richer
will be your own emotional experience.

FACES ARE FASCINATING. (Ekman)

 References
• http://www.slideshare.net/wicaksana/communication-body-
language
• http://www.slideshare.net/melodeepop/38-gestures-of-body-
language?related=1
• Ekman and Friesen, (1975). Unmasking the Face: A Guide to
Recognizing Emotions from Facial Expressions. Prentice-Hall,
Inc., Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey
• Domico, M, (2010). Doctoral-Level Clinical Psychology
Students' Ability to Perceive Emotions Through Briefly
Presented Facial Expressions at Various Levels of Clinical
Experience. UMI 3436677. ProQuest LLC 789 East
Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-
1346