HARD DRIVE

USB & DISKETTE

CPU TOWER CASE
By: The Groupe 4 in Computer
HARD DRIVE
• What is a Hard drive?
• A hard disk drive (sometimes abbreviated as hard drive, HD,
or HDD) is a non-volatile memory hardware device that
permanently stores and retrieves data on a computer. A hard
drive is a secondary storage device that consists of one or
more platters to which data is written using a magnetic head,
all inside of an air-sealed casing. Internal hard disks reside in
a drive bay, connect to the motherboard using an ATA, SCSI,
or SATA cable, and are powered by a connection to
the PSU (power supply unit).
• All computers have a hard drive installed in them, which is
used to store files for the operating system, software
programs, and a user's personal files. A computer cannot
function without a hard drive installed, as it requires one to
function properly.
Non-volatile memory hardware
• Non-volatile memory (NVM) or non-volatile storage is a type
of computer memory that can retrieve stored information
even after having been power cycled. In
contrast, volatile memory needs constant power in order to
retain data.
 HARD DRIVE
Storage input of the Computer
First Hard Drive
• In 1953, IBM recognized the immediate application for what it
termed a "Random Access File" having high capacity and rapid
random access at a relatively low cost. After considering
technologies such as wire matrices, rod arrays, drums, drum arrays,
etc., the engineers at IBM's San Jose California laboratory invented
the hard disk drive. The disk drive created a new level in
the computer data hierarchy, then termed Random Access Storage
but today known as secondary storage, less expensive and slower
than main memory(then typically drums) but faster and more
expensive than tape drives.
• The commercial usage of hard disk drives (HDD) began in 1957, with
the shipment of a production IBM 305 RAMAC system including IBM
Model 350 disk storage. US Patent 3,503,060 issued March 24, 1970,
and arising from the IBM RAMAC program is generally considered to
be the fundamental patent for disk drives.
 IBM
5MB HARD DRIVE IN 1955
OLD HARD RIVE NEW HARDRIVE
Types of Hard Drive
•Parallel Advanced Technology
Attachment (PATA)
•Serial ATA (SATA)
•Small Computer System
Interface (SCSI)
•Solid State Drives (SSD)
Parallel Advanced Technology
Attachment (PATA)
• Parallel ATA (Parallel Advanced Technology Attachment or
PATA) is a standard for connecting hard drives into computer
systems. As its name implies, PATA is based on parallel
signaling technology, unlike serial ATA (SATA) devices that use
serial signalingtechnology. Parallel ATA dates back to the
1980s. Integrated Drive Electronics ( IDE ) drives operate
according to this standard.
• The connections for PATA devices were originally made using
40-conductor ribbon cables. These were later supplanted by
80-conductor cables in which every other conductor is
grounded, minimizing mutual capacitance (and
consequent crosstalk ) between conductor s. The maximum
workable cable length is 46 centimeters (about 18 inches).
This means that PATA cables are only practical for use with
internal drives.
Parallel Advanced Technology Attachment (PATA)
Serial ATA (SATA)
• Serial ATA replaces Parallel ATA as the
IDE standard of choice for connecting
storage devices inside of a computer.
SATA storage devices can transmit
data to and from the rest of the
computer much, much faster than an
otherwise similar PATA device.
Serial ATA (SATA)
Small Computer System Interface (SCSI)

• SCSI (pronounced SKUH-zee and sometimes colloquially

known as "scuzzy"), the Small Computer System Interface, is a
set of American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standard
electronic interfaces that allow personal computers (PCs) to
communicate with peripheral hardware such as disk
drives, tape drives, CD-
ROM drives, printers and scannersfaster and more flexibly
than previous parallel data transfer interfaces.
Small Computer System Interface (SCSI)
Solid State Drives (SSD)
• Stands for "Solid State Drive." An SSD is a type of mass storage
device similar to a hard disk drive (HDD). It supports reading
and writing data and maintains stored data in a permanent
state even without power. Internal SSDs connect to a
computer like a hard drive, using
standard IDE or SATA connections.
• While SSDs serve the same function as hard drives, their
internal components are much different. Unlike hard drives,
SSDs do not have any moving parts (which is why they are
called solid state drives). Instead of storing data on magnetic
platters, SSDs store data using flash memory. Since SSDs have
no moving parts, they don't have to "spin up" while in a sleep
state and they don't need to move a drive head to different
parts of the drive to access data. Therefore, SSDs can access
data faster than HDDs.
Solid State Drives (SSD)

40GB OF SSD
SHORT INFOS
• Reynold B. Johnson is the one who invented the HARD DRIVE.

• IBM International Business Machines Corporation is an

American multinational information technology company that
Reynold B. Johnson worked at that helps the popularity of he’s
invention.
Reynold B. Johnson IBM
Inventor COMPANY
USB
• A Universal Serial Bus (USB) is a common interface that
enables communication between devices and a host controller
such as a personal computer (PC). It connects peripheral
devices such as digital cameras, mice, keyboards, printers,
scanners, media devices, external hard drives and flash drives.
Because of its wide variety of uses, including support for
electrical power, the USB has replaced a wide range of
interfaces like the parallel and serial port.
USB HARD DRIVE
History of USB
• The first USB technology began
development in 1994, co-invented by
Ajay Bhatt of Intel and the USB-IF
(USB Implementers Forum, Inc). The
organization is comprised of industry
leaders like Intel, Microsoft, Compaq,
LSI, Apple and Hewlett-Packard.
First USB
 Ajay Bhatt
Developer/Inventor of USB
Diskette
• A diskette is a random access, removable data storage
medium that can be used with personal computers. The term
usually refers to the magnetic medium housed in a rigid plastic
cartridge measuring 3.5 inches square and about 2millimeters
thick. Also called a "3.5-inch diskette," it can store up to 1.44
megabytes (MB) of data. Although many personal computers
today come with a 3.5-inch diskette drive pre-installed,
some notebook computers and centrally-
administered desktop computers omit them.
Diskette
SHORT INFOS
• A floppy disk is called a floppy because the originalfloppies
were 8 inches wide and the disk was made out of vinyl so
they were really flimsy and "floppy" hence came the
name floppy.
History
• Work on a drive that led to the world's first floppy disk and disk
drive began in 1967 at a San Jose (CA) IBM facility,[1] and introduced
into the market in an 8-inch format in 1972. The more conveniently
sized ​5 1⁄4-inch disks were introduced in 1976, and became almost
universal on dedicated word processing systems and personal
computers. This format was more slowly replaced by the ​3 1⁄2-inch
format, first introduced in 1982. There was a significant period
where both were popular. A number of other variant sizes were
introduced over time, with limited market success.
• Floppy disks remained a popular medium for nearly 40 years, but
their use was declining by the mid-1990s.[4][5] The introduction of
high speed computer networking and formats based on the
new NAND flash technique (like USB flash drives and memory cards)
led to the eventual disappearance of the floppy disk as a standard
feature of microcomputers, with a notable point in this conversion
being the introduction of the floppy-less iMac in 1998. After 2000,
floppy disks were increasingly rare and used primarily with older
hardware and especially with legacy industrial computer equipment.
OLD DISKETTE NEW DISKETTE
Yoshiro Nakamatsu
Inventor of floppy disk
CPU TOWER CASE
• A computer case, also known as a
computer chassis, tower, system unit,
CPU (when referring to the case as a
whole rather than the processor), or
cabinet, is the enclosure that contains
most of the components of a personal
computer (usually excluding the
display, keyboard, and mouse).
OLD CPU CASE NEW CPU CASE
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