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    Demonstrating Semantic Knowledge Presentation

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    Dee Doicela
    The document discusses various aspects of semantic knowledge that speakers demonstrate, including the ability to: 1) Recognize anomalous, contradictory, or meaningless sentences. 2) Determine whether sentences have the same or opposite meanings through tools like paraphrasing, synonyms, and antonyms. 3) Identify semantic relationships like entailment, presupposition, and ambiguity. 4) Agree on semantic features and adjacency pairs in conversations. The document provides examples to illustrate speakers' semantic abilities in understanding word and sentence meanings and their relationships.

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    Demonstrating Semantic Knowledge Presentation

    Uploaded by

    Dee Doicela
    537 views31 pages
    The document discusses various aspects of semantic knowledge that speakers demonstrate, including the ability to: 1) Recognize anomalous, contradictory, or meaningless sentences. 2) Determine whether sentences have the same or opposite meanings through tools like paraphrasing, synonyms, and antonyms. 3) Identify semantic relationships like entailment, presupposition, and ambiguity. 4) Agree on semantic features and adjacency pairs in conversations. The document provides examples to illustrate speakers' semantic abilities in understanding word and sentence meanings and their relationships.

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    Presentation about how to demonstrate semantic Knowledge from English Major

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    The document discusses various aspects of semantic knowledge that speakers demonstrate, including the ability to: 1) Recognize anomalous, contradictory, or meaningless sentences. 2) Determine whether sentences have the same or opposite meanings through tools like paraphrasing, synonyms, and antonyms. 3) Identify semantic relationships like entailment, presupposition, and ambiguity. 4) Agree on semantic features and adjacency pairs in conversations. The document provides examples to illustrate speakers' semantic abilities in understanding word and sentence meanings and their relationships.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    537 views31 pages

    Demonstrating Semantic Knowledge Presentation

    Uploaded by

    Dee Doicela
    The document discusses various aspects of semantic knowledge that speakers demonstrate, including the ability to: 1) Recognize anomalous, contradictory, or meaningless sentences. 2) Determine whether sentences have the same or opposite meanings through tools like paraphrasing, synonyms, and antonyms. 3) Identify semantic relationships like entailment, presupposition, and ambiguity. 4) Agree on semantic features and adjacency pairs in conversations. The document provides examples to illustrate speakers' semantic abilities in understanding word and sentence meanings and their relationships.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 31

    Demonstrating

    Semantic
    Knowledge
    Can speakers clearly
    define all the words
    they know?
     Abigarrar  Combine diverse
    colors with bad
    effect

     Craso
     Thick or fat
    Transmit thoughts,
    feelings and
    intentions

    Understand what
    others say
     Possesion of vocabulary

     Howto produce every item in their


    vocabulary

     How to recognize each pronunciation made


    by other speakers
    1. Charlie hit the books yesterday
    2. Mateo vive muy lejos
    3. The books Charlie yesterday
    4. Lejos vive muy
    1. Anomaly
     is the phenomenon that a sentence,
    though grammatical, is meaningless because there is
    an incompatibility in the meaning of the words.

     Speakers know if something is or is not


    meaningful in their language

     Examples 3, 4 are anomalous


     1. Mary has been learning English since 2015
     2. Mary started studying English 4 years ago

     3. Se fue la luz debido a una tormenta eléctrica


     4. Una tormenta eléctrica provocó un apagón
    2. Paraphrase
     To express the meaning of something written or spoken using
    different words, especially to achieve greater clarity.
     Basically, you are writing something in your own words that
    still expresses the original idea.

     Speakers usually agree when two sentences


    have the same meaning and when they do not
    He has tons of stuff to throw away.

    _____________________________
    He needs to get rid of a lot of junk.
    She bought some bananas last week
    Brought/ took / purchased

    I forgot what happened yesterday


    dismissed from mind / can’t understand /
    can’t believe
    3. Synonyms
    It is a word or phrase that means exactly or nearly the same
    as another word or phrase in the same language, for
    example shut is a synonym of close.

     Speakers usually agree when two words


    have the same meaning in a given context
     Andy set off the city two week ago
     Arrived/ come/ left

     Karla perdió sus llaves dentro del carro


     Arrojó/ dejó / encontró
    4. Antonyms

    Speakersusually agree when two words


    have opposite meanings in a given contex
    1. Nobody goes to that restaurant
    2. That restaurant is cheaper
    3. That restaurant is too crowded
    4. There are good dishes at that restaurant
    5. Contradictory
    It is a sentence or idea that says two things that
    cannot both be true.

     Speakersrecognize when the meaning of one


    sentence contradicts another one
     1.Jorge tiene 20 años, el nunca ha viajado
    al extranjero con su esposa

     2.
    Jorge se casó el año pasado cuando aún
    era muy joven

     3.Jorge quiere viajar a Europa ahora que


    está soltero

     4. Jorge es joven y ama a su esposa


    1. House/ car / roof/ structures

    2. Powerful / Solid /Weak / Hard


    6. Semantic feature
    Speakers usually agree when the
    common element of meaning shared
    by given words but not by one of
    them, it is called semantic feature
     1. I saw someone on the hill with a telescope

    Did you use a telescope to see someone on the hill


    or did you see someone on the hill holding a
    telescope?

     2. Alison no quiere a su vecina porque es muy envidiosa.

    ¿Quién es envidiosa, Alison o su vecina?


    7. Ambiguity

    Itoccurs when some sentences have


    double meanings, they can be
    interpreted in two ways
    Sarah gave a bath to her dog wearing a dress.

    _____________________________

    _____________________________
     1. Would you like a cup of coffee?

     Hi / no thanks / Yes, I could

     My parents don’t like the noise from the


    traffic and…

    I don’t too/ I don’t either / Me too


    8. Adjacency pair
     Itis composed of two utterances by two
    speakers, if the second is obviously related to
    the first, they constitute an adjacency pair

     When a question and an answer, or any two


    utterances can go together in a conversation,
    and the second is obviously related to the
    first.
     Mi hermana estudia literatura española
     Mi hermana conoce muchos autores españoles

     His listening skills are not good enough in order


    to get the FCE
     His listening skills are deficient in order to get
    the FCE
    9. Entailment
    It is the relationship between two sentences where the
    truth of one (A) requires the truth of the other (B). For
    example, the sentence (A) The president was assassinated.
    entails (B) The president is dead.

     Speakers are aware that two statements may be related in


    such a way that if one is true, the other must also be true

     These pairs of sentences are examples of entailment


     1. Karla haven’t had problems with his computer
    since she sent it to get fixed
     2. There is a person called Karla
     3. Karla has a computer
     4. There is a fixed computer which belongs to
    Karla
     5. Karla damaged her computer
    10. Presuppositions
     Speakers know that the message transmitted in one
    sentence may presuppose other pieces of knowledge

     Therefore the meaning of sentence 1 presuppose that is


    expressed in sentence 2-5

     These presuppositions don’t establish the truth of anything

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