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Vibration Control

Vibration control was presented in a seminar. Vibrations occur widely and are damped for comfort, reduced noise and wear. Vibrations can be controlled passively using material design or actively using actuators. Active control involves modeling the system, measuring vibrations, and applying control forces with actuators. A Laval-Jeffcott rotor model was used as an example system, with a magnetic bearing as an actuator. The goal is to choose control forces to eliminate disturbances by measuring only system outputs.

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Mallikharjuna Annasani
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119 views13 pages

Vibration Control

Vibration control was presented in a seminar. Vibrations occur widely and are damped for comfort, reduced noise and wear. Vibrations can be controlled passively using material design or actively using actuators. Active control involves modeling the system, measuring vibrations, and applying control forces with actuators. A Laval-Jeffcott rotor model was used as an example system, with a magnetic bearing as an actuator. The goal is to choose control forces to eliminate disturbances by measuring only system outputs.

Uploaded by

Mallikharjuna Annasani
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Vibration Control

Presentation in
Control engineering research seminar

21.2.2011
Why vibration control

• Vibrations occur almost everywhere

few examples:

Linear motion Rotation


Why vibrations control

• Vibrations are damped to get

– Less noise to surroundings


-> comfort for users

– Decrease conduction of vibration into the structures


-> comfort for users/operators

– Less wear of parts and need for maintenance


-> less costs
Passive and active vibration control

Vibrations can be controlled


Materials and structures are chosen/designed
such that the vibrations are minimized
+ cheap to design and maintain
- works well only on small frequency band

An actuator is added to the system to exert


opposite force to damp vibrations

+ more effective on all frequencies and for


all kinds of disturbances
- expensive to design and maintain
Active vibration control

• Vibration control consists of (as almost every control problem)

- How the system is modeled?


System modeling - How accurate model should be chosen?

Measurement and - What can be measured directly?


estimation - What needs to be estimated?
- Depends on the model structure

- What can be controlled?


Control - Depends on the model structure
and the measurements
System modeling
• How accurate the system modeling should be?

Lumped parameter system

Distributed parameter system

Finite element modeling


Example

• Simple model
𝑚𝑥ሷ 𝑡 = −𝑘𝑥 𝑡 + 𝐵 𝑥(𝑡)
ሶ + 𝐹 𝑡 + 𝑑(𝑡) d(t)

Choose signal F(t) such that disturbance


d(t) is eliminated
d

+ x
Only signal x(t) can be measured F System
+

Compensator
Vibrations in electrical machines

• Structure of an AC induction motor


Rotor vibrations
y
• Radial vibrations
x

• Torsional vibrations
ω
z
Actuator

• How can we apply force to the


stator?
• A common approach is to use a
magnetic bearing
rotor
• In our approach an additional
stator
winding mounted to the stator is
used stator windings

Department of Automation http://autsys.tkk.fi/en/


and Systems Technology
Laval-Jeffcott rotor model

y x
• Simply a disk attached
ω
to a shaft supported at z
both ends
• Disk is rotating at
constant speed ω
Example Complex electro- Laval-Jeffcott
magnetic rotor model
equations inside
• A more complex model

d
Trc Trc   yem 
Plant:  xm  Am (t ) xm     v + ym
  0 0   f ex 
 Act Plant
 ym  0  rc  xm yem+
 yin
  rc 0 

 in  0   xm ,
y
  rc 

  yin 
x  A x 
Actuator:  em em em  em   S (t ) Qem (t )  B 
em   
 v
 y  C (t ) x
 em em em

 2 Trc Pem (t ) rc  2 


where Am (t )   
 I 0 
and Pem (t ), Cem (t ), Qem (t ), Sem (t ) are periodic
Example continues

• But the task is again the same

Choose signal F(t) such Process


d
that disturbance d(t) is Dist
eliminated v
+ ym
Act Plant
yin yem+
Only signal ym(t) can be
measured

Controller

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