IoT refers to the connection of

everyday objects to the internet and to

one another
 Itis the network of physical objects or things
embedded with
electronics,software,sensors,and network
connectivity which enables these objects to
collect and exchange data.
 KevinAshton is the father of IoT.
.He was started working in IoT since 1999.
 1.collect—Sensors collecting the data from
everywhere
 2.communicate-datas are communicated
through network
 3.Analyze—Building report
 4.Act—Taking action based on the report
 1.Home Automation
 2.Manufacturing
 3.Medical and healthcare systems
 4.Media
 5.Environmental Monitoring
 6.Transportation
 7.Energy Management and so on..
 IoT system consists of
 1.Devices
 2.Internet connectivity
 3.IoT platform
 The IoT platform is a software that ‘s hosted
online.
 It is a network that all devices are connected to.
 The platform collect devices data
,analyze,process and make decisions based on
this data.
 Example:

 Smart locks,
 Smart thermostats,
 Smart cars etc.
What makes these smart?
These devices are all part of an emerging category
called the Internet of things.
 IoTis a whole constellation of inanimate
object is designed with built in wireless
connectivity ,so that they can be
monitored,controlled and linked over the
internet via a mobile app.
 This type of objects span a wide range of
categories from wearables to light bulbs to
home appliances like coffee maker,washing
machine and even car.
 IoT is also being applied to medical and
health care industry and to transportation
systems.
 Ex:Nest thermostat.
 This wifi connected thermostat allows you to
remotely adjust the temperature via your mobile
device.
 Nest will turn down the temperature before
going to bed at a set time.
 Ex:2
 Smartthings which is a company acquired by
samsung that offers various sensors and
smart home kits that can monitor things like
who is coming in and out of your house ,and
alert you when water leaks and so on.
 The fitness tracker detects that when you
have fallen sleep it automatically turns off
your light and TV.
 Web browsers use http protocols to
communicate with the servers.
 Likewise IoT devices use specific protocls to
communicateover the internet to each other.
 Most known protocols used in IoT are,
 CoAP-Constrained Application Protocol.

 AMQP-Advanced Message Queuing protocol

 DDS-Data Distribution service

 STOMP-Simple Text oriented Messaging

Protocol

 MQTT-Message Queue Telemetry Transport

 The important features of IoT includes

 artificialIntelligence,
 connectivity,
 sensors,
 active management and
 small device use.
 The important hardware of IoT is sensors.
 These devices includes,
 Energy Modules
 Power management modules
 RF modules
 Sensing modules.
 RFModules manage communications through
their signal processing
Wifi,Zigbee,Bluetooth,
radio transceiver,
duplexer,and BAW.
 The sensing module sensing through active
and passive measurement devices.
 Ex:
 Accelerometers---Temperature sensors
 Gyroscopes---Image sensors
 Acoustic sensors---Light sensors
 Pressure sensors---gas RFID sensors
 Humidity sensors---microflow sensors
 Head—helmets,glasses
 Neck—Jewellary,collars
 Arm—watches,wristbands,rings
 Feet—shocks,shoes
1.RFID—Radio Frequency identification
 RFID technology employs 2 way radio transmitter to
track the objects.
2.NFC—near field communication
 Communication protocols for electronic devices.
3.Low energy bluetooth
4.Low energy wireless
5.Radio protocols are,Zigbee,Z-wave,and Thread
 Iot devices are prototyped using
microcontroller platforms such as Arduino,or
single board computers like the raspberry pi.
 Communication between the micro controller
and the connected sensors and actuators.
 The embedded programs are developed using
c,c++python and javascript.
 Communications enables devices to
communicate with other devices ,and
applications and services that are running in
the cloud.
 Ex:Mesh network are a highly scalable and
robust network topology design and are
frequently adopted within IoT.
 Web and Mobile applications provide user
interfaces for interacting with and consuming
data from IoT devies.
 Arduino Board
 Raspberry Pi Board
 The Raspberry Pi is a small board computer.
 You plug it into a monitor and attach a keyboard and
mouse.
• What you will need ?
 Hardware
 A Raspberry Pi computer with an SD card
 A monitor with a cable (and, if needed, an HDMI
adaptor)
 A USB keyboard and mouse
 A power supply
 Headphones or speakers (optional)
 An ethernet cable (optional)
 Software
 Raspbian, installed via NOOBS
 consistsof both a physical programmable
circuit board (often referred to as
a microcontroller) and a piece of software,
or IDE (Integrated Development Environment)
that runs on your computer, used to write
and upload computer code to the physical
board.
 The Arduino, is a microcontroller, which
means it excels at controlling small devices
like sensors, motors, and lights.
 Arduino is best used for projects like building
a wake-up light, motion detector alarm, or
even a small robot.
 The Raspberry Pi, isn’t a microcontroller, and
isn’t made for controlling sensors and other
things like that.
 It’s an entire computer, with its own
operating system, and is intended to be used
as one
 The Arduino’s power supply requirements are
very simple; you can plug it into your
computer or a battery pack, and it will start
running code immediately. If the power is
disconnected, it will stop; there’s no need to
run a shut-down process.
 The Raspberry Pi, on the other hand,
because it has a more full-featured
computing system in place, should be shut
down like a regular computer, and can be
damaged by power cuts.
 The Raspberry Pi comes ready to be
connected to the internet; it has a built-in
ethernet port.
 The Arduino, on the other hand, doesn’t
have any built-in capability for connectivity.
If you want to connect it to the internet,
you’ll need to add an extra piece of
hardware that includes an ethernet port
 The Arduino comes with 32 KB of onboard
storage, which is just enough to store the
code that provides instructions for its current
program. You can’t use this storage for apps,
videos, photos, or anything else.
 The Raspberry Pi, on the other hand, doesn’t
come with any onboard storage, but it does
have a micro SD port, so you can add as
much storage as you’d like.
Thank you