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    Layers of The Earth (Science)

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    Mar Sela
    The document summarizes the four major layers of the Earth: 1) The crust is the thin outermost layer made of solid rock where life exists. 2) The mantle is the thick second layer made of semi-solid rock, comprising 80% of the Earth's mass. 3) The outer core is the third layer and the only liquid one, made of molten nickel and iron generating the Earth's magnetic field. 4) The inner core is the extremely hot solid center made of iron and nickel.

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    Layers of The Earth (Science)

    Uploaded by

    Mar Sela
    104 views19 pages
    The document summarizes the four major layers of the Earth: 1) The crust is the thin outermost layer made of solid rock where life exists. 2) The mantle is the thick second layer made of semi-solid rock, comprising 80% of the Earth's mass. 3) The outer core is the third layer and the only liquid one, made of molten nickel and iron generating the Earth's magnetic field. 4) The inner core is the extremely hot solid center made of iron and nickel.

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    A presentation for a school report about the layers of the Earth and its boundaries.

    Original Title

    Layers of the Earth (Science)

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    The document summarizes the four major layers of the Earth: 1) The crust is the thin outermost layer made of solid rock where life exists. 2) The mantle is the thick second layer made of semi-solid rock, comprising 80% of the Earth's mass. 3) The outer core is the third layer and the only liquid one, made of molten nickel and iron generating the Earth's magnetic field. 4) The inner core is the extremely hot solid center made of iron and nickel.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    104 views19 pages

    Layers of The Earth (Science)

    Uploaded by

    Mar Sela
    The document summarizes the four major layers of the Earth: 1) The crust is the thin outermost layer made of solid rock where life exists. 2) The mantle is the thick second layer made of semi-solid rock, comprising 80% of the Earth's mass. 3) The outer core is the third layer and the only liquid one, made of molten nickel and iron generating the Earth's magnetic field. 4) The inner core is the extremely hot solid center made of iron and nickel.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 19

    LESSON 1.

    Layers Of
    Earth

    Main Idea:

    EARTH HAS 4 LAYERS


    The Four Major Layers

    – Earth has four major layers with their distinct properties


    1. CRUST
    2. MANTLE
    3. OUTER CORE
    4. INNER CORE

    – Some layers has even MORE layers


    CRUST
    Crust is the thin outermost
    layer of the Earth. It is where
    we all live. The crust is 3 to 5
    miles thick from the ocean
    floor to around 25 miles
    thick on land. Earth’s crust is
    found on the outer surface
    and it is made of solid rock
    and minerals it is also made
    up of great variety of
    igneous, metamorphic and
    sedimentary rocks.
    MANTLE
    Mantle is the second layer of the earth it
    is just below the first layer which is the
    crust. It is thicker than the crust it is
    1,900 miles deep, 2,900 km thick and it
    makes up 80% of the earth’s weight. It is
    solid rock but not completely hard, it is
    semisolid, rocky and very hot layer. Its
    top layer has a temperature of about
    900’C when you go deeper into the
    mantle the temperature increases from
    1,000’C to 3,700’C. The mantle is
    composed of ferro-magnesium silicate
    rocks more on iron and magnesium.
    LITHOSPHERE
    The crust and the uppermost mantle is
    made up of lithosphere. It is a rigid layer
    or a not flexible layer that breaks under
    stress. The lithosphere is composed of
    minor and major blocks, referred to as
    tectonic plates. This plates moves
    slowly, about a few inches per year. The
    place where the plates touch each other
    is known as the Fault. When the plates
    move and the boundaries bump up each
    other it may cause an earthquake.
    ASTHENOSPHERE
    Below lithosphere is Asthenosphere,
    which is about 180 km thick, and
    contains hot molten rocks of magma.
    Asthenosphere can reshape and
    deform driven by heat energy which
    circulates as convection currents.
    Traveling upward from the hot lower
    mantle to the cooler upper mantle. This
    heat transfer mechanism helps drive
    the movement of tectonic plates, which
    is manifested as earthquakes. This
    movements helps form volcanoes,
    mountains, islands, trenches, and mid-
    ocean ridges.
    OUTER CORE
    The outer core, the third layer of the
    earth and the only layer of earth that is
    liquid . It is made up of molten nickel
    and iron it is about 2270 km thick and
    has a temperature that ranges from
    3,700’C to 4,300’C. The outer core is
    the responsible of the earth’s magnetic
    field which helps the earth maintain
    the solar wind or the streams of
    electrically charged particles that flow
    from the sun that can strip away the
    planet’s atmosphere and oceans.
    INNER CORE
    The inner core or the center of the
    earth is extremely hot. Its
    temperature has been recently
    found to be 6,000’C. It is believed
    to be as hot as the sun’s surface. It
    is made up of solid iron and nickel.
    It is like a solid ball with a radius of
    1,220 km according to
    seismological studies which is 20%
    of the Earth’s radius and 70% of
    the moon’s.
    Boundaries Between the
    layers of the Earth
    Mohorovicic
    discontinuity ,also known
    as moho, is the interface
    between the crust and
    the mantle. In Geology
    the word “discontinuity”
    is used for a surface
    which seismic waves
    change velocity.
    The Gutenberg
    discontinuity marks the
    boundary between the
    mantle and the outer
    core. Above the
    Gutenberg line is solid,
    but the outer core
    below the line is liquid
    molten.
    The Lehmann
    discontinuity is located
    between the liquid outer
    core and the solid inner
    core
    Reporter:

    DE ANDRES,
    MARIELLA
    KATRINA #13

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