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7 Quality Control Tools

This document discusses 7 quality control tools: Pareto chart, flow chart, check sheet, histogram, scatter diagram, statistical process control chart, and cause and effect diagram. For each tool, it provides a brief overview of what the tool is used for and the basic steps to create the tool, such as collecting and categorizing data, identifying variables, and establishing limits. The overall purpose of these 7 tools is to help identify and address quality issues through data analysis and process improvement.

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177 views11 pages

7 Quality Control Tools

This document discusses 7 quality control tools: Pareto chart, flow chart, check sheet, histogram, scatter diagram, statistical process control chart, and cause and effect diagram. For each tool, it provides a brief overview of what the tool is used for and the basic steps to create the tool, such as collecting and categorizing data, identifying variables, and establishing limits. The overall purpose of these 7 tools is to help identify and address quality issues through data analysis and process improvement.

Uploaded by

click_sameer
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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7 Quality Control Tools

Sameer Panda 085

Symbiosis Institute of Operations Management


Achieving Quality of Conformance
involves design, materials and equipment,
training, supervision and control
The Seven QC Tools/Magnificent Seven

Pareto Chart
Flow Chart
Check Sheet
Histogram
Scatter Diagram
Statistical Process Control Chart
Cause and Effect Diagram
1. PARETO ANALYSIS
It is a method of indentifying the causes of poor quality.
It is based on Juran’s finding that most quality problems
and costs result from only a few causes.

Creating a Pareto Chart


First, information must be selected based on types or
classifications of defects that occur as a result of a
process.
The data must be collected and classified into categories.
Then a histogram or frequency chart is constructed
showing the number of occurrences.
2. FLOW CHART

• It is a diagram of the steps in a job, operation or process to


focus on where in a process a quality problem exist.

Creating a Flow Chart


First, familiarize everyone with the flow chart symbols.
Draw the process flow chart and fill it with details of
each element.
Analyze the flow chart.
Determine which steps add value and which don’t in the
process of simplifying the work.
3. CHECK SHEET

It is a fact-finding tool used to data about quality problems


A typical check sheet for quality defects tallies the no of
defects for a variety of previously identified problem
causes.
After the sheet is completed, the total tally of defects for
each cause can be used to create a histogram or a Pareto
chart.
4. HISTOGRAM
A histogram is a bar graph that shows frequency data.
Histogram is widely used to evaluate distribution of data.

Creating a Histogram
Collect data and sort it into categories.
Then label the data as per the type.
 The characteristic
by which you grouped the data would be the
independent variable.
 The frequency of that set would be the dependent variable.

Each mark on both axis should of equal increments.


For each category, related
frequency is calculated and
horizontal mark are made
to show that frequency.
5. SCATTER DIAGRAM
• Scatter Diagram is used to study and identify the possible
relationship between the changes observed in two
different sets of variables.

Creating a Scatter Diagram


First, collect 2 pieces of data and create a summary
table.
Draw a diagram labeling the horizontal and vertical
axes.
 It is common that the “cause” variable be labeled on X axis and
the “effect” variable be labeled on the Y axis.
Plot the data pairs on the diagram.
Interpret the scatter diagram for direction
and strength.
6. STATISTICAL PROCESS CONTROL
CHART
• SPC methods such as the process control charts are important
tools for quality improvement.
• Control chart is used to determine whether a process will
produce a product or service with consistent measurable
properties.
Creating Process Control Charts
Identify critical operations in the process where inspection
might be needed.
Identify critical product characteristics.
Determine whether the critical product characteristic is a
variable or an attribute.
Select appropriate process control chart.
Establish control limits, use chart
to monitor & improve.
Update the limits.
7. CAUSE-and-EFFECT DIAGRAM
It is also called the Ishikawa diagram or the fishbone diagram.
It is a graphical description of the elements of a specific quality
problem and relationship between those elements
It is a tool for discovering all the possible causes for a particular
quality problem so it can be corrected

Creating a Cause and Effect Diagram


First, identify and define the problem for which the causes
must be identified. Place the problem or effect at the right or
the head of the diagram.
Identify all the broad areas of the problem.
Write detailed possible causes in each of the broad areas.
Each cause identified should be looked upon for further more
specific causes.
View the diagram and evaluate the main causes.
Set goals and take action on the main causes.
THANK YOU

Happy New Year


2008

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