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    Abraham Maslow (1908-1970) : Humanistic-Existential Paradigm Self-Actualization Theory

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    1. Abraham Maslow was an influential psychologist who proposed a theory of motivation called the hierarchy of needs, consisting of physiological needs, safety needs, love and belonging, esteem, and self-actualization as the highest level. 2. Maslow believed that human beings strive to fulfill their potential and that psychopathology results from frustration of one's essential nature. 3. Maslow described self-actualized people as having satisfied their basic needs, developed their talents fully, and being motivated by values like truth, justice, and beauty rather than lower needs.

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    Abraham Maslow (1908-1970) : Humanistic-Existential Paradigm Self-Actualization Theory

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    1. Abraham Maslow was an influential psychologist who proposed a theory of motivation called the hierarchy of needs, consisting of physiological needs, safety needs, love and belonging, esteem, and self-actualization as the highest level. 2. Maslow believed that human beings strive to fulfill their potential and that psychopathology results from frustration of one's essential nature. 3. Maslow described self-actualized people as having satisfied their basic needs, developed their talents fully, and being motivated by values like truth, justice, and beauty rather than lower needs.

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    1. Abraham Maslow was an influential psychologist who proposed a theory of motivation called the hierarchy of needs, consisting of physiological needs, safety needs, love and belonging, esteem, and self-actualization as the highest level. 2. Maslow believed that human beings strive to fulfill their potential and that psychopathology results from frustration of one's essential nature. 3. Maslow described self-actualized people as having satisfied their basic needs, developed their talents fully, and being motivated by values like truth, justice, and beauty rather than lower needs.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    147 views26 pages

    Abraham Maslow (1908-1970) : Humanistic-Existential Paradigm Self-Actualization Theory

    Uploaded by

    aa
    1. Abraham Maslow was an influential psychologist who proposed a theory of motivation called the hierarchy of needs, consisting of physiological needs, safety needs, love and belonging, esteem, and self-actualization as the highest level. 2. Maslow believed that human beings strive to fulfill their potential and that psychopathology results from frustration of one's essential nature. 3. Maslow described self-actualized people as having satisfied their basic needs, developed their talents fully, and being motivated by values like truth, justice, and beauty rather than lower needs.

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    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
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    The key takeaways are that Abraham Maslow proposed a hierarchy of needs and a theory of self-actualization. He believed that human nature is basically good and that psychopathology results from frustration of a human's essential nature.

    Maslow's hierarchy of needs proposes that people are motivated to fulfill basic physiological needs like food and shelter before pursuing safety, love/belonging, esteem, and finally self-actualization needs.

    For Maslow, self-actualization referred to realizing one's full potential and capabilities. It involved becoming all that one is capable of becoming.

    Abraham Maslow (1908-1970)

    Humanistic-Existential Paradigm
    Self-actualization Theory
    Maslow’s Assumptions
     Human nature is
    basically good, not
    evil
     Normal human
    development
    involves the
    actualization of this
    inherent goodness
    Central Human Motive
    Self-Actualization
    Maslow’s Assumptions...
     Psychopathology results from the
    frustration of a human being’s
    essential nature
    Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
     Self-Actualization
     Esteem

     Love

     Safety

     Physiological
    Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

    MOST NEEDS HAVE TO DO WITH


    SURVIVAL PHYSICALLY AND
    PSYCHOLOGICALLY

    PHYSIOLOGICAL OR SURVIVAL NEEDS


    Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
    ON THE WHOLE AN INDIVIDUAL
    CANNOT SATISFY ANY LEVEL
    UNLESS NEEDS BELOW ARE
    SATISFIED

    SAFETY NEEDS

    PHYSIOLOGICAL OR SURVIVAL NEEDS


    Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

    LOVE, AFFECTION, AND


    BELONGINGNESS NEEDS

    SAFETY NEEDS

    PHYSIOLOGICAL OR SURVIVAL NEEDS


    Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

    ESTEEM NEEDS

    LOVE, AFFECTION, AND


    BELONGINGNESS NEEDS

    SAFETY NEEDS

    PHYSIOLOGICAL OR SURVIVAL NEEDS


    Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
    NEED
    FOR
    SELF-
    ACTUALIZATION

    MASLOW EMPHASIZES NEED


    FOR SELF
    ACTUALIZATION IS
    A HEALTHY INDIVIDUAL’S
    PRIME
    MOTIVATION
    Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
    NEED
    FOR
    SELF-
    ACTUALIZATION

    MASLOW EMPHASIZES NEED FOR SELF


    ACTUALIZATION IS
    A HEALTHY INDIVIDUAL’S PRIME
    MOTIVATION

    SELF-ACTUALIZATION MEANS
    ACTUALIZING
    ONE’S POTENTIAL BECOMING ALL ONE IS
    CAPABLE OF BECOMING
    Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
    NEED
    SELF-
    ACTUALIZATION

    ESTEEM NEEDS

    LOVE, AFFECTION, AND


    BELONGINGNESS NEEDS

    SAFETY NEEDS

    PHYSIOLOGICAL OR SURVIVAL NEEDS


    Nobody can do
    everything,

    but we can nearly all


    do more than we
    think we can
    The 17 Metaneeds
     Truth
     Goodness

     Beauty

     Wholeness

     Dichotomy-transcendence

     Aliveness

     Uniqueness

     Perfection

     Necessity
    The 17 Metaneeds.....
     Completion
     Justice

     Order

     Simplicity

     Richness

     Effortlessness

     Playfulness

     Self-sufficiency
    Maslow’s Definition of a
    Self-actualized Person

     Has no mental illness


     Satisfied in basic needs

     Fully exploited talents

     Motivated by values
    Some Characteristics of
    Self-actualizing persons
     Superior perception of reality
     Increased acceptance of self, of others,
    and of nature
     Increased spontaneity
     Increased detachment and desire for
    privacy
     Greater freshness of appreciation and
    richness of emotional reaction
    Some Characteristics of
    Self-actualizing persons.....
     Increased autonomy and resistance to
    conformity
     Higher frequency of peak experiences

     Increased identification with the


    human species
     Improved interpersonal experiences

     More democratic character structure

     High levels of creativity


    Peak Experiences
    Ugliness can be present for so
    long, you don’t notice it any more

    - but so can
    beauty
    A Short Scale Measuring Self-actualization
     I do not feel ashamed of any of my emotions.
     I feel I must do what others expect me to do. (N)
     I feel that people are essentially good and can be
    trusted.
     I feel free to be angry to those I love.
     It is always necessary that others approve of
    what i do. (N)
     I don’t accept my own weaknesses. (N)
     I can like people without having to approve of
    them.
     I fear failure. (N)
    A Short Scale Measuring Self-actualization....

     I avoid attempts to analyze and simplify complex


    domains. (N)
     It is better to be yourself than to be popular.
     I have no mission in life to which I feel especially
    dedicated. (N)
     I can express my feelings even when they may result
    in undesirable consequences.
     I do not feel responsible to help anybody. (N)
     I am bothered by feelings of being inadequate. (N)
     I am loved because I give love.
    Eight ways to self-actualize
     Experience things fully, vividly, selflessly. Throw
    yourself into the experience; concentrate on it fully; let
    it totally absorb you.
     Life is an ongoing process of choosing between safety
    (out of fear ) and risk (for the sake of growth: make
    the growth choice a dozen times a day.
     Let the self emerge. Try to shut out external clues as
    to what you should think, feel, say and let your
    experience enable you to say what you truly feel.
    Eight ways to self-actualize....
     When in doubt, be honest. If you look into yourself
    and are honest, you will also take responsibility;
    taking responsibility is self-actualizing.
     Listen to your own tastes. Be prepared to be
    unpopular.
     Use your intelligence. Work to do well the things
    you want to do, whether that means finger exercises
    at a keyboard, memorizing every bone, muscle and
    hormone in the human body, or learning to finish
    wood so it looks and feels like silk.
    Eight ways to self-actualize....
     Make peak experiencing more likely: get rid of
    illusions and false notions; learn what you are
    good at and what your potentialities are not.
     Find out who you are, what you like and don’t
    like, what is good and what is bad for you,
    where you are going, what your mission is.
    Opening yourself up in this way means
    identifying defenses - and then finding the
    courage to give them up.
    Rogers’ & Maslow’s
    Healthy Personalities
    Rogers Maslow
     More fully open to  Reality and problem-centered.
    experience. Unafraid Accepting of self. Unexpected
    of own feelings. ruthlessness.
     More existential  Spontaneity and simplicity.
    living. Freshness of appreciation.
    Nondetermined, Discrimination between means and
    independent. ends. Need for privacy.
     Increased trust in  Acceptance of others. resistance to
    own organism. More acculturation. Creative. Unhostile
    creative, sense of humor. More intimate
    nonconformist. personal relations. Social interest.

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