-JOSE RIZAL

 Noli Me Tangere is a Spanish novel penned by a genius writer, a

Filipino propagandist and a Philippine national hero, Jose Rizal and
was published on 1887 in Spain. Finally, the novel was published in
the year 1897 in Berlin, Germany. In addition, the skyrocketing
popularity of his literary masterpiece, had paved the way for its
several translations in English. Two noted adaptations were an
“An Eagle Fight” and “The Social Cancer”
 It came from the Latin word “TOUCH ME NOT”, that was drawing
inspired by the Bible JOHN 20:17, “Jesus telling Mary not to touch
him.

 Technically, it was referred to on how they wear an leprosy

advertisement so that they can avoid people. It is often called
NOLI; in English SOCIAL CANCER.
HISTORY:
 “Uncle Tom’s Cabin” by Harriet Beecher Stowe, a book that’s Rizal read
when he come up with the idea of exposing the debilitating social conditions
of the Philippines.
 From his viewpoint, he preferred that the book was able to integrate and
describe the Filipino culture in a backward and a slow-moving motion.

 On the 2nd day of January , 1884 at the residence of Pedro Paterno where
held a reunion of group of Filipinos, Rizal proposed the making of a novel
written by a group of Filipinos. As expected, his brilliant opposition was
approved via a unanimous consensus of the majority who’s present at that
time were Pedro, Maximo Viola, Antonio Paterno, Graciano Lopez Jaena,
Evaristo Aguirre, Eduardo de Lete, Julio Llorente and Valentini Ventura.
However, this project did not materialize due to a matter of indolence and
procrastination by some of his Filipino co-writers, who had sweetly sworn and
promised the martyred hero of Bagumbayan to help him out in accomplishing
of what, would be a lasting history legacy of his. Initially, the novel was
planned to cover and describe all phases of the Filipino way of life, but most
of his co-writers had a flawed idea to write something about their personal
life, like women's and the worst side is that they spend most of their time
gambling and flirting with Spanish women, that's why he pulled out the plan
with others and decided to do the novel alone, without the help of anyone.
 History of Publication
 December 1886, Rizal was able
to finish the novel.
 Maximo Viola lent Rizal a huge
amount of Php 300 for the 2,000
copies because of the financial
problem that the novel might not
be printed at all. After which, the
most awaited phase of
completion was completely
finished. It took barely a span of
five months.
 March 21, 1887, Rizal was able
to send a copy of the book to his
friend and personal confidant,
Ferdinand Blumentritt.
 The 1st Philippine edition (and
the 2nd published edition) was
printed in 1899 in Manila Bay by
Chofre Y Comparia la Escolta.
Cover page of the 1st Philippine edition published
in 1899
Controversies
 For some unknown circumstances, “Noli Me Tangere” and its
sequel “El Filibusterismo”, were banned by the Spanish
officials in the Philippines. Primarily, it was because of the
allegations of corruption and abused by the Spaniards. Many
unexpected turn of events had transpired, after Noli had been in
full swing. Some copied of the book were smuggled.
 After he finished his medical studies abroad he planned on
escaping to avoid the preying eyes of the Spanish government
while, writing the subversive book.
 When Rizal returned to the Philippines he was summoned to
Malacanang Palace by Governor-General Emilio Terrero, who
told him that “Noli Me Tangere”, contained statements which
would definitely backfire on those who were in authority. Rizal
told Malacanang Palace officials that “Touch Me Not” was not
written in such manner and fashion. The Governor-General was
a bit appeased and convinced but still, he was incapable of
resisting the insurmountable pressures from the church, as far
as the book is concern.
Legacy
 Jose Rizal paid a high price for “Noli Me Tangere”, with his
life. He was exiled in Dapitan, Zamboanga City and was later
arrested for the fallible charge inciting to sedition. In effect ,
he was sentenced to die by firing squad on December 30,
1896 in Bagumbayan, at the age of 35.
 The legacies of “Noli Me Tangere” can be attributed to as
“NATIONALISTIC”. Solely because the book was able to
effectively instill the love for one’s country, the undying
devotion of a Filipina to the man of her dreams, a deep sense
of gratitude towards society and to everyone the untainted
and common sense of the Filipino race under the rule of
Spain.
 Reading Noli had made Filipinos to rightly possess a unifying
element of national identity, as many those ancient natives
were able to establish a unique identity through regionalism.
 After its publication, Rizal was ecstatic about the whole thing. His
exact words to Ferdinand Blumentritt,
“The novel is the first impartial and bold account of the life of the
Tagalog’s. The Filipinos will find it in history of the last ten
years…”
 As regards to the baseless critisms of the Spaniards with respect
to the contents of the novel, Rizal was perfectly an epitome of
calmness and a man of honor. Despite of knowing the bitter fact
that he was on hot seat, he had taken things in stride.
 Accordingly, Father Vicente Garcia had lauded Rizal as “man
who is not ignorant”.
 The national hero of the Philippines was a brilliant thinker for he
had forewarned his countrymen and all those who would be
attempting to read the novel, that they would be committing a
mortal sin, they would discover the darkest secrets of the
Spanish regime. With those words, the people had become
engrossed in reading the phenomenal book. As a result their
blind eyes had been opened to the excruciating world of
corruption, bribery, political, economic and moral abuses by the
Spaniards.
 “NOLI ME TANGERE” is a priceless gem and inspiration for
the present generations, who are too apprehensive in freely
expressing themselves in the most subtle but dangerous way.

 For the Philippine government today and in the years to

come, let it remind them that serving the Filipinos is not a
privilege, but a sincere commitment to be honest and selfless
at all times. Last but not the least, bureaucracy must not be
role of inefficiency, but a prototype of excellence and integrity.
Major Characters
Crisostomo Ibarra
Maria Clara
Kapitan Tiago
Padre Damaso
Elias
Pilospo Tasyo
Dona Victorina
Sisa, Crispin and Basilio
 Crisostomo Ibarra
- Juan Crisostomo Ibarra y Magsalin
- Filipino-Spanish and only descendant
of the wealthy Spaniard Don Rafael
Ibarra.
- Studied in Europe for 7 years
- Crisostomo Ibarra exemplified the
vision that Jose Rizal had aimed for the
youth of the Philippines during his time.
Others attribute of Ibarra as Rizal’s
reflection of himself.
 Maria Clara
- Maria Clara delos Santos y Alba
- daughter of Capitan Tiago and Dona
Pia Alba
- seen as a predominantly as the ideal
Filipino women
- Maria Clara’s character is related to
Rizal childhood sweetheart and cousin,
Leonor Rivera.
 Capitan Tiago
- Don Santiago delos Santos
- said to be the most richest
man in region of Binondo
- Friend of the Spanish
Government
- Symbolizes the rich Filipinos
who oppress their fellowmen
countrymen
 Padre Damaso
- Damaso Verdolagas
- Former curate of San Diego
Church
- Snobbish, ruthless, Talkative
and a judgmental extrovert
- Symbolizes the Spanish friars
in Rizal’stime.
 Elias
- is as former boatmen who became one of
the most wanted person in San Diego. He
distrusts human judgment and prefers God’s
justice instead. He is acquainted with the
tulisanes and other crooks, which he uses to
his advantage in discerning the troubles of the
town.
- Elias used to have a affluent life with his twin
sister. He was educated in Jesuit College with
servants that wait upon him. He prefers a
revolution over the reforms that Ibarra has
been inclined to believe in.
- personification of Andres Bonifacio
- represents common Filipino
 Filosofo Tasyo
- Don Pablo
- one of the important role in Noli
- referred to as philosopher/sage (Pilosopo
Tasyo) because his ideas is accurate with the
towns people. On the other hand, if his ideas
were against the thinking of the majority, he
was considered the “imbecile tacio ( Tasyong
Sinto sinto) or “lunatic tacio” (Tasyong Baliw)
- relates to his character is his brother Paciano
Rizal
- symbolizes the learned Filipino
 Dona Victorina
- Dona Victorina delos Reyes de
de Espadana
- Ambitious Filipina who classifies
herself as a Spanish lady by
putting heavy make-up.
- She uses her whole name with
double “de” to emphasize her
marriage surname.
-
CHAPTER 1
A SOCIAL GATHERING
On the last of October, Don Santiago delos Santos also known as
“Capitan Tiago”, gave a dinner. He had made the announcement only
that afternoon, and it was already the sole topic of conversation in
Binondo and adjacent districts, and even in the Walled City, for at that
time Capitan Tiago was considered one of the most hospitable men, and
it was well known that his house, likely his country, shut its door against
nothing except commerce and all new or bold ideas. Like an electric
shock the announcement ran through all around the Manila, that’s why
some of the guest don’t know what to wear and say in the said event.

This dinner was given in a his house on Calle Anloage and it fronts upon
the arm of the Pasig which is known to some as the Binondo River. The
room was almost filled with people, a cousin of Capitan Tiago, a sweet –
faced old woman Tiya Isabel who speaks Spanish quite badly, is the
only one receiving the ladies.

The guest composed of two priest, two civilians, and a soldier who are
seated around a small table on which are seen bottles of wine and
English biscuits. The soldier, a tall, elderly lieutenant, Fray Sibyla the
curate of Binondo, Fray Damaso a Franciscan talks to much and
gesticulate more. One of the civilians is a very small man with a black
beard, and the other one is a rubicund youth, who seems to have
arrived but recently in the country.
The young man who just foreign in the country is asking
about the culture of the native Filipinos. He explains that he
came to the country at his own expense to study and have
some knowledge about the land of the Indios.

There has been a argument when they open a discussion

about the monopoly of tobacco. Padre Damaso insulted and
thinks lowly on the Indios. They also discuss how the
Spaniards insults the Filipino’s back in the day. That’s why
Padre Sibyla, change the topic when Padre Damaso leave
San Diego even he stayed there for 20 years as a curate. He
said that even the king must not interfere on how the
churches punished the heretics. But the lieutenant of the
Guardia Civil dismissed the idea, because he still have the
rights to interfere because he is the Vice-Regal Patron that
represents the king of the country.
Also he explain why the priest transfer to other town as a
curate. According to him, Padre Damaso was the one who
had dug up and taken away from the cemetery and buried
somewhere else the corpse of a good and noble man who
accused of being a heretics by a priest just because he
doesn’t confess. His Excellency learned the affair that’s why
he punished Padre Damaso to transferred to a better town.
And he withdrew from the group after saying all of that.

Little by little the party resumed its former tranquility. Others

guests had come in, among them a lame old Spaniard of mild
and inoffensive aspect leaning on the arm of an elderly
Filipina, who was resplendent in frizzes and paint and a
European gown, Doctor De Espadana and his senora, the
Doctora Dona Victorina.
Chapter 2
CRISOSTOMO IBARRA
It was not two beautiful and well-gowned young women that
attracted the attention of all, even including Fray Sibyla, nor
was it his Excellency the Captain-General with his staff, that
the lieutenant should start from his abstraction and take a
couple of steps forward, or that Fray Damaso should look as
if turned to stone; it was simply the original of the oil-painting
leading by the hand of a young man dressed in deep
mourning.

Captain Tiago greets the gentlemen as he kissed the hands

of the priest, who forgot to bestow upon him their benediction.
The Dominican had taken off his glasses to stare at the newly
arrived youth, while Fray Damaso was pale and unnaturally
wide-eyed. Capitan Tiago introduced Crisostomo Ibarra to his
guest as the son of his deceased friend. At the mention of the
name exclamations were heard. The lieutenant forgot to pay
his respect to his host and approached the young man,
looking him over from head to foot.
The young man himself at that moment was exchanging the
conventional greetings with all in the group, nor did there seem to be
anything extraordinary about him except his mourning garments in the
center of that brilliantly lighted room. Yet in spite of them his remarkable
stature, his features, and his movements breathed forth an air of healthy
youthfulness in which both body and mind had equally developed. There
might have been notice in his frank, pleasant face some faint traces of
Spanish blood showing through a beautiful brown color, slightly flushed
at the cheeks as a result perhaps of his residence in cold countries.

Ibarra tried to shake hands with Padre Damaso because he thought it

was his father intimate friend. But the priest refused the idea. True, that
he is a former curate of the native town but refused to be a friend of his
father.

Ibarra slowly withdrew his extended hand, looking greatly surprised, and
turned to encounter the gloomy gaze of the lieutenant fixed on him. The
lieutenant blessed Ibarra’s safe arrival, and in a trembling voice he said
that he knew Ibarra’s father, and it was one of the worthiest and most
honorable men in the Philippines. Ibarra was deeply moved by the
lieutenant words to his father removed his doubt about the manner of his
death.
The eyes of the old soldier filled with tears and turning away
hastily he withdrew, and found himself alone in the center of
the room with hesitation, he started toward them in a simple
and natural manner. Ibarra, like a custom in Germany, when a
stranger finds himself at a function and there is no one to
introduce him to those present, that he give his name and so
introduce himself. They exchanges name, the other gave their
names, more or less obscure, and unimportant here. And also
he met a man who already stop writing.

It was already a time for dinner, but a man with a smiling face,
Capitan Tinong, dressed in the fashion of the natives of the
country, with a diamond studs in his shirt bossom, he went to
Ibarra and invite him to his house and have a breakfast with
them but Ibarra politely refused the offer because he will
leave tomorrow morning to San Diego.
Chapter 3
THE DINNER
Everyone went to the dining table, Fray Sibyla seemed to be
very content as he moved along tranquility with the look of
disdain no longer playing about his thin, refined lips. While Padre
Damaso, is not pleased, kicking at the chairs and even elbowing
a cadet out of his way. The lieutenant was grave while the others
talked vivaciously, praising the magnificence of the table. Dona
Victorina, however, suddenly became furious as a trampled
serpent when the lieutenant stepped on the train of her gown
while admiring her frizzes.

As if from instinct the two friars both started toward the head of
the table, and they argue who will seat. Padre Sibyla insists that
it must Padre Damaso because he was an old friend and father
confessor of the deceased lady but the latter said it should
Padre Sibyla because he was the current curate of the town.
When Fray Sibyla was about to take a seat himself without
paying any more attention to these protests when his eyes
happened to encounter those of the lieutenant and offered his
seat but the lieutenant refused to because he avoid sitting
between the two friars.
None of the claimants had given a thought to their host. Ibarra
noticed him watching the scene with a smile of satisfaction,
Ibarra offered his seat but the usual party host, he gently
refused Ibarra’s offer and told him that “Don’t mind me”.

A large steaming tureen was brought in. Padre Damaso

received a plate of bare neck and a tough wing of chicken
floated about in a large quantity of soup amid lumps of
squash, while the others were eating legs and breasts,
especially Ibarra, to whose the second joints. Observing all of
this, he mashed up some pieces of squash, barely tastes the
soup, dropped his spoon noisily, and roughly pushed his plate
away.
While eating, Ibarra was busy talking to the other guest that present
there. According to the answer Laruja ask to Ibarra, that it was almost
seven years when Ibarra left to Europe, but even though his country
forgotten him, he always thought about it. It has been years since he
received a news from the country, that’s why he is a stranger on how
and when is his father died. The Lieutenant strengthen his doubts that
Ibarra has no knowledge about the true reason of his father death.

Dona Victorina ask Ibarra why he doesn’t have telegraph, like what Don
Tiburcio did when they got married, Ibarra told Dona Victorina that he
was in another country for the past two years.

Ibarra’s speakers found out that he visited many countries and he knew
a lot of language. The native language that he learned from the
countries he visited was his way of communicating. Aside from the
language, he also studied the history of the country he was visiting
specifically Exodus or slowly changing the development.

Ibarra explained that the countries he visited in the theme of livelihood,

politics and religion are almost the same. However, the truth is based on
the independence and power or the people. It also about the
commonwealth and its anguish.
Ibarra’s explanation was interrupted because Padre Damaso
suddenly broke down. He insulted the young man unkindly. He
said that if Ibarra had just seen or learned it, he would only
spend money because even though the child he knew what he
said. Everyone was surprised at the priest’s straightforwardness.

Ibarra was just calm, explaining that he only recently recovers

the times that Padre Damaso often went to them when he was
little, to eat at their dining table. The firecracker Damaso can’t
even utter a word. Ibarra bid goodbye, but Captain Tiago
stopped him because Maria Clara and the new Parish Priest of
San Diego would come. Ibarra can’t stop leaving, but promised
to return tomorrow.

Father Damaso, when Ibarra leave, emphasized that such a

young act is a sign of his arrogance. As such, he said, the
government should prohibit the granting of permission to any
indio to study in Spain. That night, the young man wrote in the
column of the Estudios Coloniales about one wing and a neck
that caused frustrations; those who are ready are useless at a
feast and should not be educating an indio in another land.
CHAPTER 6
Capitan Tiago
They will be done on earth
While our characters are deep in slumber or
busy with their breakfasts, let us turn our
attention to capitan tiago.
We have never had the honor of being his guest,
so it is neither our right nor our duty to past
him by slightingly, even under the stress of
inportant events.
Low in stature with a clear complexion, a
corpulent figure and a full face, thanks to the
liberal supply of fat which according to this
admires was the gift of heaven and which his
enemies averried was the blood of the poor,
Capital tiago appeared to be younger than he
really was, he might have been thought between
thirty and thirty-five years of age.
 He was consider one of the richest
landlords in binondo and a planterof some
importance by reason of his estates in
pampanga and laguna, principally in the town
of san diego, the income from which
increased with each year. They also had the
lucrative contract of feeding the prisoners in
bilibid and furnished zacate to many of the
stateliest estableshments in manila u through
the medium of contacts of course.
Capitan Tiago never went near this image
from fear of a miracle had not other image,
even those more rudely carved ones that
issue from the carpenter shops of Paete,
many time come to life for the confusion and
punishment of incredulous sinner.
 Such was Capitan Tiago in the days of which we write.
As for the past he was the only son of a sugar-planter of
Malabon, wealthy enough but so miserly that he would not
spend a cent to educate his son for which reason the little
Santiago had been the servant of a good Dominican, a
worthly man who had tried to train him in all of good that he
knew and could teach. He married a pretty young women of
Santa Cruz who gave him social position and helped him to
make his fortune. A famous philosopher who was the cousin
of Capitan Tinong and who had memorizes the “Amat,”
sought for the true explanation in planetary influences. The
idol of all Maria Clara grew up amids smiles and love.
Each having his own particular ends in view and
knowing the mutual inclinations of the two young persons,
Don Rafael and Capital Tiago agreed upon the marriage of
their children and the formation of a business parnership. This
Agreement which was concluded some years after the
younger Ibarra’s departure was celebrated with equal joy by
two hearts in widely separated parts of the world and under
very different circumstances.
CHAPTER 14
Tasio: Lunatic or Sage
Who is Tasio?

 Don Anastasio, commonly known as Filósofo Tasio

(Philosopher Tasyo) is one of the most important characters
in Noli. On the one hand, he is referred to as a
philosopher/sage (hence, Pilosopo Tasyo) because his ideas
were accurate with the minds of the townspeople. On the
other hand, if his ideas were against the thinking of the
majority, he was considered the Imbecile Tasio (or Tasyong
Sintu-sinto) or Lunatic Tacio (Tasyong Baliw).
 Filósofo Tasio was born into a wealthy Filipino family. His
mother let him be formally educated, then abruptly ordered
him to stop. She feared Tasio would become "too educated"
and lose his faith and devotion to religion. His mother gave
him two choices: either go into the priesthood or stop his
education. Tasyo chose the latter because he had a girlfriend
that time. Soon enough, they married and after a year, Tasio
widowed while his mother also died. Most of his time was
taken up in reading and buying books that all his properties
were lost and he became poor.
Character of Tasio

 Pilosopo Tasyo was based on real life and

it was Rizal brother which is Paciano.
 He is pessimist.
 He symbolize the learned Filipino.
Characters mentioned in Chapter 14

 Don Anastasio - also know as pilosopo

Tasio
 Sacristans - two young apprentice
sextons
 Don Filipo Lino - the "teniente-mayor"
 Doña Teodora Viña - Don Filipo Lino's
wife and also known as "Doray"
Summary and Analysis
Summary Analysis
 Tasio, called by the townspeople  Tasio represents pure freedom of
a madman or a philosopher thought in a world that refuses
depending on their opinion of to accommodate ideas that go
him and his strange ways. He against prevailing power
values rationalism and philosophy structures (like the Catholic
rather than religion, which is church or the Spanish
uncommon in town. Near the government). His claim that the
church, he comes upon the church’s new bell tower will
mayor and playfully chastises him attract lightning is surely
for installing a new bell tower, symbolic, a way of expressing
saying that this extravagant that God cares little for such
addition to the church will surely extravagances. Tasio seems to
attract lightning from the storm understand that San Diego lacks
that is brewing. As he says this, a spirituality despite its supposed
bolt flashes and the mayor devotion to religion, a devotion
crosses himself as Tasio laughs that often seems to only manifest
disapprovingly, critiquing the itself monetarily.
mayor’s frivolous use of money
and his superstitious ways
 Tasio passes two young boys who  The fact that two young boys
are studying to be sextons. He trying to make a meager living
asks if they’re coming home with must put themselves in danger by
him, since he lives near their mounting the bell tower in a
mother, who is expecting them lightning storm further reinforces
for dinner. They tell him that the the idea that the church doesn’t
chief sexton won’t let them leave have the townspeople’s best
until eight o’clock and that they interests in mind. Tasio, on the
have to go up the tower to ring other hand, shows concern for
bells to commemorate souls the boys’ safety. In this way, Rizal
trapped in purgatory. Tasio tells invites readers to side with this
them to be careful and continues secular old man, showing him
on his way capable of empathy in a way the
 Old man Tasio lecture Don Filipo friars are not. As such, Rizal
and his wif because they believe endorses rational thinking over
in purgatory, so old man tasio the power-hungry religious zeal
told them the history of how the promoted by the Catholic
idea of purgatory entered in church.
Catholicism.  commemorates deceased people
living in purgatory. As these souls
wait, they must repent for the
sins they didn’t repent for on
earth.
Chapter 15
The Sacristans
Who's the Sacristans?
 It was Crispín and Basilio, the two young
apprentice sextons that Tasio spoke with
earlier, stand at the top of the bell tower as
the storm rages on.

Characters of Sacristans
 They are brothers
 Their stories was based on the true tale of
the Crisostomo brother's of Hagonoy
Bulacan.
 They represented the innocent who were
wrongly accused of crimes they did not
commit.
Characters Mentioned in Chapter 15

 Basilio - He is 10 years old an sexton

apprentice tasked to ring the church bell.
 Crispin - He is 7 years old, an sexton
apprentice he was unjustly accused of
stealing money from the church.
 Senior Sacristan - He is the one who
accused and abused Crispin from stealing
the church money
Summary and Analysis
Summary Analysis
 Basilio tolls the bell and Crispín  When Crispín says that the
laments that the sextons and accusations heaped upon him by
priest have accused him of the church make him wish he
stealing. He wishes they were at actually did steal, he hits upon
home with their mother, who is the idea that sometimes
expecting them for dinner. Since unreasonable rules and
they’ve started studying to be regulations actually lead to the
sextons, they rarely get to see very misbehavior they aim to
her, and she doesn’t know the prevent. If a governing body or
torment they live through on a powerful system (like the church)
day-to-day basis in the church. treats its subordinates like
Calculating how much the church criminals, it may indeed turn
claims Crispín owes, the two innocent people toward
boys determine that the sum is subversion, since they’re already
far larger than what they forced to live with the
regularly earn. consequences of breaking the
law.
 As Crispín and Basilio worry what their  it is Crispín who suffers from their enmity,
mother will think if the priest tells her Crispín since it is only because he points out that the
is a thief, the chief sexton appears from the ensign has imposed a curfew that he is
stairwell. Scolding Basilio for not tolling the dragged away by the chief sexton. In this way,
bells in the correct rhythm, he tells Crispín the tension between the church and the state
that he must stay in the tower until what he is brought to bear on the community itself.
stole is replenished. The boy tells him that
their mother is expecting them at eight, to
which the sexton says the brothers won’t be
permitted to leave until ten. Crispín points
out that the town’s curfew is at nine o’clock,
which means they won’t be able to walk the
streets at ten. This correction upsets the
sexton, who grabs Crispín, slaps Basilio away,
and hauls Crispín down the steps. Petrified,
Basilio remains in the dark tower as he hears
his brother scream, “They’re going to kill me!”
until all is silent again.
 Basilio descends the tower and goes into the  It is brave of Basilio to seek out his brother in
church, following his brother’s fading screams the dark church by following the boy’s
until a door closes and he loses the sound. He screams, but the fact that he didn’t
wanders through the church and then slips immediately set off behind the chief sexton
outside again. Moments thereafter, two and Crispín further illustrates the fear church
gunshots and a handful of voices are audible in officials inspire in their subordinates.
the streets, but nobody pays any attention and
the night envelops itself once again in silence.
Chapter 16
Sisa
Who is Sisa?

 Sisa is the deranged mother of Crispin and Basilio

 After days when Crispin was held captive by Mang Tasyo, the owner
of the sacristy, she was arrested, locked up in the jail. One day later,
she was pardoned by the town Alferez and was released. However,
when she returned home, Basilio was also gone. When she found
Crispin's clothes soaked with blood, she grew lunatic as she
continues to find her children.

Characters of Sisa

 Describe as beautiful and young, although she loves her children

very much, she can not protect them from the beathings of her
husband pedro.
 Personified the suffering of the motherland.
 Named after Rizal's sister, Narcisa.
Characters Mentioned in Chapter 16

 Sisa - mother of Crispin and Basilio and

Pedro's wife.
 Crispin - He is 7 years old, younger son
of Sisa
 Basilio - He is 10 years old, eldest son of
Sisa
 Pedro - The heartless and abusive
husband of Sisa
Summary and Analysis
Summary Analysis
 Crispín and Basilio’s mother, Sisa, waits  Sisa is one of the most tragic characters
in the darkness for her boys. She is an in Noli Me Tangere. Not only does she
impoverished and luckless woman miss her sons—who are living away
married to a gambling addict who from her as mere children—but she is
abuses her. On this night, though, she also poor and further disempowered by
has prepared a decadent feast for her her abusive husband, who only shows
sons. Unfortunately, her husband up to deplete her of whatever she may
appears and eats the majority of the have, as he does by eating the majority
food before leaving again, telling her to of the dinner intended for Basilio and
save for him any money the boys bring Crispín. In terms of power, Sisa is at the
home. The night wears on and Sisa sobs, bottom wrung of San Diego’s
worried about her sons. She prays for a socioeconomic ladder.
moment and then an apparition of
Crispín comes to life near the fireplace.
Just then, Basilio’s voice shakes her from
this vision. “Mother, open up!” he says,
banging on the door.
Chapter 17
Basilio
Summary and Analysis
Summary Analysis
 Once Basilio comes inside, Sisa  Once again, readers see a citizen
sees that he’s bleeding from the of San Diego caught between the
forehead. He tells her that the church and the government, since
chief sexton ordered him to stay Basilio runs away from the
until ten but that he slipped away, church and by doing so is forced
defying the town’s curfew in to violate the ensign’s curfew. As
order to come home. On his way, a result, the Civil Guard shoots
two members of the Civil Guard at him. In this way, it becomes
spotted him and fired gunshots, apparent that the entire town’s
and one of the bullets grazed his structure is rigged against people
forehead. He tells his mother like Basilio who want nothing
that Crispín has stayed behind in more than to earn a modest
the parish house, and changes the amount of money and spend time
subject when she asks if he’s still with family.
alive. He tells her about the
accusations that Crispín is a thief,
and she believes him when he
says these claims are false.
 Basilio goes to sleep while his mother prays.  Basilio’s dream is ominous because it so
In his dreams, he sees the chief sexton, the closely resembles what readers know about
priest, and Crispín, who trembles in fright and Crispín’s actual circumstances: the boy was
looks for a place to hide. Furious, the priest dragged away by the powerful and ruthless
questions him and then viciously strikes him chief sexton. Because Basilio’s dream aligns
with his cane. Crispín tries to run, but the with all of these details, it seems more of an
chief sexton takes hold of him and the savage extension of Crispín’s story than a fabrication,
beating continues. Suddenly, Crispín swells and readers get the sense that they are
with rage and bites the priest’s hand. The witnessing reality through Basilio’s sleeping
priest drops the cane, but the sexton finds a mind. Furthermore, Sisa’s vision of Crispín
walking stick and slams it against Crispín’s near the fireplace also suggests that
head, knocking the boy unconscious. Angry something serious has happened to the young
that he’s been wounded, the priest goes on boy.
caning the youngster, who no longer responds
to the pain.
 Basilio puts his faith in the power of education
 Sisa wakes Basilio up and asks him why he’s as a means of liberation, urging his mother to
crying. Basilio lies about his dream, not send Crispín to learn from Tasio. Furthermore,
wanting to divulge his terrible visions. After the fact that Basilio has seen Tasio praying is
several moments, he admits he no longer important because it shows that the old man
wants to be a sexton, instead proposing a new is, in fact, a religious person, despite his
plan.Basilio will ask Ibarra if he can work on misgivings about the church. This means that
his farmland, and Crispín can study with Old Tasio finds fault not in religion itself but in the
Tasio. “What more do we have to fear from domineering way the priests go about
the priest?” he asks. “Can he make us any imposing their supposedly spiritual authority.
poorer than we already are?” He tells Sisa
that he has seen Tasio privately praying in
church when nobody is around to see. Sisa
agrees to this plan, and the boy falls asleep
happy.
Chapter 21
The Story of a Mother
 *Andaba incierto –
VOLABA ERRATE,

English Meaning: He was uncertain- he

was flying errant,
Tagalog meaning- Siya ay hindi sigurado
– siya ay lumipad mali
 UN SOLO INSTANTE-
SIN DESCANSAR

English meaning –a single moment

without resting

Tagalog meaning-isang sandali ng

walang pahinga.
 Sisa ran in the direction of her home with
her thoughts in that confused whirl which is
produced in our being when, in the midst of
misfortunes, protection and hope alike are
gone. It is then that everything seems to grow
dark around us, and if we do see some faint
light shining from afar, we run toward it, we
follow it, even though an abyss yawns in our
path.
The mother wanted to save her son, and
mothers do not ask about means when their
children are concerned. Precipitately she ran,
pursued by fear and dark foreboding. Had
they already arrested Basilio? Whither had
her boy Crispin fled?
 BASlLIO

 Sex: M
 Race: Indio
 Occupation: Student (medicine)
 Basilio studied in San Juan de Letran, but
because of his dirty attire his classmates and
teachers disliked him. In his second year,
because he was able to take care of a
fighting cock for Capitan Tiago and help it
win, Capitan Tiago gave him a tip and Basilio
bought shoes and a hat. By his third year,
Basilio could afford shirts and boots.
Eventually, because of his good grades,
Capitan Tiago convinced Basilio to transfer to
Ateneo Municipal
 She was not ignorant of the boldness of those men, who did
not lower their gaze before even the riches people of the town.
What would they do now to her and to her sons, accused of theft!
The civil-guards are not men, they are civil guards; they do not listen
to supplications and they are accustomed to see tears.
“Tell us the truth or we’ll tie you to that tree and shoot you,”
said one of them in threatening tone.
The woman stared at the tree
“you’re the mother of the thieves, aren’t you?” asked the other
Mother of the thieves!” repeated Sisa mechanically .
“where’s the money your sons brought you last night?
“ah! The money-”
“don’t deny it or it’ll be the worse for you’” added the other .”we’ve
come to arrest your sons, and the older has escaped from us.
Where have you hidden the younger?”
“Sir, it has been many days since I’ve seen crispin. I expected to see
him this morning at the convento, but there they only told me-”
“all right!” exclaimed one of them.” Give us he money and we’ll leave
you alone”
“my sons wouldn’t steal even though they
were starving,
Basilio didn’t bring me a single cuarto.
Search the whole house and if you find even
a real, do with us what you will.
“well then “ ordered the soldier slowly, as he
fixed his gaze on sisa’s eyes,” Your sons will
show up and try to get rid of the money they
stole.
“i-go with you”
“I’m very poor so I’ve neither gold nor jewels
to offer you.
Take everything that you find in the house,
but leave me here in peace, leave me here to
die!”
 Some of them on passing her hut had often
asked for a drink of water and had presented her
with some fishes.
Real terror seized her when they neared the
town. but no refuge offered itself, only wide rice-
fields, a small irrigating ditch and some stunted
trees; there was not a cliff or even a rock upon
which she might dash herself to pieces!” “eh, this
way!” a guard called to her. Like an automaton
whose mechanism is breaking, she whirled about
rapidly on her heels, then without seeing or
thingking of anything ran to hide herself.
Now she was in the barracks among the
soldier, women, hogs, and chickens. Some of the
men were sewing at their clothes while their
thighs furnished pillows for their queridas.
 Then she hurried to old tasio’s house
and knocked at the door but he was not
at home. The unhappy woman then
returned to her hut and began to call
loudly for basilio and crispin, stopping
every few minutes to listen attentively.
Again returning to her hut, she sat
down on the mat where she had lain the
night before. Raising her eyes, she saw
twisted remnant from basilio’s camisa at
the end of the bamboo post in the
dinding, or wall, that overlooked the
precipice.
PRESENTED BY:

Group 1

Fantilaga, Clarrisse Ann L.

Hiyas, Shernan
Santos, Nelson
Alberto, Criselisa