Transformer Lecture
Transformer Lecture
Transformer Lecture
WORKSHOP PRACTICE II
(ECEg 3133)
CORE
HIGH VOLTAGE
WINDING
WINDOW AREA
CORE
LOW VOLTAGE
WINDING
TRANSFORMER CORE CHARACTERISTICS
Amorphous Steel: This is one of the popular options for creating magnetic
cores in transformers. These cores are made from several paper-thin metallic
tapes, which help reduce the flow of eddy currents. Amorphous steel cores
have fewer losses than other magnetic cores, and can easily operate at high
temperatures than standard lamination stacks. The amorphous steel cores are
most commonly used in high efficiency transformers that operate at medium
frequencies.
Solid Iron Core: These cores provide magnetic flux, and helps retain high
magnetic fields without iron saturation. The cores are not recommended for
transformers operating at AC applications because large eddy currents are
produced by the magnetic field. These eddy currents produce heat at high
frequencies.
Amorphous Metals: Also known as vitreous metals, these metals are glassy
or non-crystalline. These metals are used for creating high performance
transformers. The materials have low conductivity, which helps reduce eddy
currents.
Laminated Magnetic Cores: These cores feature thin iron sheets covered
with an insulating layer. These insulators prevent eddy currents, and confine
them to narrow loops within each single lamination layer. The thinner
lamination minimizes eddy current effects.
Carbonyl Iron Cores: These magnetic cores are made from powdered carbonyl
iron, and provide stable service across a wide range of magnetic flux and
temperature levels. The carbonyl iron powder cores feature small iron spheres
coated with a thin insulating layer. These cores help reduce the effects of eddy
currents at high temperatures.
Silicon Steel: Silicon steel has high electrical resistivity. The silicon steel core
provides stable performance over the years. Silicon steel offers high saturation
flux density. A few years ago, characteristics of silicon steel was altered with
chemical changes, and today, the new product is known as AISI type M6. The
M6 steel has high permeability and low losses, and it is used in high-
performance applications.
The core is laminated to reduce
these to a minimum as they
interfere with the efficient transfer of
energy from the primary coil to the
secondary one.
6 Has longer mean length of core and It is not suitable for Extra High Voltage (EHV)
shorter length of coil turn. It is best requirements.
suited for Extra High Voltage (EHV)
requirements.
Classification of Transformers according to uses
1. Distribution Transformer