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Source-Free Parallel RLC Circuit

This document discusses deriving equations for voltages and currents in a parallel RLC network when a current source is switched out of the circuit. It presents the equations for the current through the inductor based on whether the network is overdamped, critically damped, or underdamped. It also describes using boundary conditions to solve for coefficients and determines other voltages and currents from the current through the inductor.

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jillkill
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273 views14 pages

Source-Free Parallel RLC Circuit

This document discusses deriving equations for voltages and currents in a parallel RLC network when a current source is switched out of the circuit. It presents the equations for the current through the inductor based on whether the network is overdamped, critically damped, or underdamped. It also describes using boundary conditions to solve for coefficients and determines other voltages and currents from the current through the inductor.

Uploaded by

jillkill
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Parallel RLC Network

Objective of Lecture
 Derive the equations that relate the voltages across and the
currents flowing through a resistor, an inductor, and a
capacitor in parallel as:
 the unit step function associated with voltage or current
source changes from 1 to 0 or
 a switch disconnects a voltage or current source in the circuit.
 Describe the solution to the 2nd order equations when the
condition is:
 Overdamped
 Critically Damped
 Underdamped
RLC Network
 A parallel RLC network where the current source is
switched out of the circuit at t = to.
Boundary Conditions
 You must determine the initial condition of the
inductor and capacitor at t < to and then find the final
conditions at t = ∞s. Replace the capacitor with an
open circuit and the inductor with a short circuit.
 Since the current source has a magnitude of Is at t < to
 iL(to-) = Is and v(to-) = vC(to-) = 0V
 vL(to-) = 0V and iC(to-) = 0A

 Once the steady state is reached after the current source


been removed from the circuit at t > to and the stored
energy has dissipated through R.
 iL(∞s) = 0A and v(∞s) = vC(∞s) = 0V
 vL(∞s) = 0V and iC(∞s) = 0A
Selection of Parameter
 Initial Conditions
 iL(to-) = Is and v(to-) = vC(to-) = 0V
 vL(to-) = 0V and iC(to-) = 0A
 Final Conditions
 iL(∞s) = 0A and v(∞s) = vC(∞s) = oV
 vL(∞s) = 0V and iC(∞s) = 0A

 Since the current through the inductor is the only


parameter that has a non-zero boundary condition,
the first set of solutions will be for iL(t).
Kirchoff’s Current Law
iR (t )  iL (t )  iC (t )  0
v(t )  vR (t )  vL (t )  vC (t )
vR (t ) dvC (t )
 iL (t )  C 0
R dt
diL (t )
vL (t )  v(t )  L
dt
d 2iL (t ) L diL (t )
LC 2
  iL (t )  0
dt R dt
d 2iL (t ) 1 diL (t ) iL (t )
2
  0
dt RC dt LC
General Solution
1 1
s 
2
s 0
RC LC

2
1  1  1
s1      
2 RC  2 RC  LC
2
1  1  1
s2      
2 RC  2 RC  LC
1
s1       2 2 
o 2 RC
1
s 2       2 2
o o 
LC

s  2s    0
2 2
o

Note that the equation for the natural frequency of the RLC
circuit is the same whether the components are in series or in
parallel.
Overdamped Case
  > o
 implies that L > 4R2C
s1 and s2 are negative and real numbers
s1t
iL1 (t )  A1e
s2 t
iL 2 (t )  A2 e
t  t  to
s1t s2 t
iL (t )  iL1 (t )  iL 2 (t )  A1e  A2 e
Critically Damped Case
   o
 implies that L = 4R2C
s1 = s2 = -  = -1/2RC

t t
iL (t )  A1e  A2 te
Underdamped Case
  < o
 implies that L < 4R2C

s1     2  o2    jd
s2          jd
2 2
o

d  o2   2
iL (t )  e t [ A1 cos d t  A2 sin d t ]
Solve for Coefficients A1 and A2
 Use the boundary conditions at to- and t = ∞s to solve
for A1 and A2. 
iL (to )  I S
 Since the current through an inductor must be a
continuous function of time.
   
iL (to )  iL (to )  iL1 (to )  iL 2 (to )  I S
A1e s1 0 s   A2 e s2 0 s   A1  A2  I S

 iL1 (to )  iL 2 (to )  0


 Also know that diL (to ) d
vL (to )  L
dt dt
s1 A1e s1 0 s   s2 A2 e s2 0 s   s1 A1  s2 A2  0
Other Voltages and Currents
 Once current through the inductor is known:

diL (t )
vL (t )  L
dt
vL (t )  vC (t )  vR (t )
dvC (t )
iC (t )  C
dt
iR (t )  vR (t ) / R
Summary
 The set of solutions when t > to for the current through the
inductor in a RLC network in parallel was obtained.
 Selection of equations is determine by comparing the natural
frequency o to .
 Coefficients are found by evaluating the equation and its first
derivation at t = to-.
 The current through the inductor is equal to the initial
condition when t < to
 Using the relationships between current and voltage, the
voltage across the inductor and the voltages and currents
for the capacitor and resistor can be calculated.

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