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Le Corbusier: - A House Is A Machine For Living In. - Architecture Is The Learned Game, Correct

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Alka Jozef

Le Corbusier was a pioneering Swiss-French architect and urban planner. Some key ideas from the document are: 1) A house is a machine for living in. Architecture is the learned game of forms assembled in the light. He preferred drawing over talking as it was faster and left less room for lies. 2) He was dedicated to providing better living conditions for residents of crowded cities through his designs of buildings like the Villa Savoye and plans for the contemporary city. 3) One of his most famous works was planning the city of Chandigarh in India in the 1950s based on his principles of urban design and modern architecture.

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Le Corbusier: - A House Is A Machine For Living In. - Architecture Is The Learned Game, Correct

Uploaded by

Alka Jozef
52 views16 pages
Le Corbusier was a pioneering Swiss-French architect and urban planner. Some key ideas from the document are: 1) A house is a machine for living in. Architecture is the learned game of forms assembled in the light. He preferred drawing over talking as it was faster and left less room for lies. 2) He was dedicated to providing better living conditions for residents of crowded cities through his designs of buildings like the Villa Savoye and plans for the contemporary city. 3) One of his most famous works was planning the city of Chandigarh in India in the 1950s based on his principles of urban design and modern architecture.

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Le Corbusier

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Le Corbusier was a pioneering Swiss-French architect and urban planner. Some key ideas from the document are: 1) A house is a machine for living in. Architecture is the learned game of forms assembled in the light. He preferred drawing over talking as it was faster and left less room for lies. 2) He was dedicated to providing better living conditions for residents of crowded cities through his designs of buildings like the Villa Savoye and plans for the contemporary city. 3) One of his most famous works was planning the city of Chandigarh in India in the 1950s based on his principles of urban design and modern architecture.

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52 views16 pages

Le Corbusier: - A House Is A Machine For Living In. - Architecture Is The Learned Game, Correct

Uploaded by

Alka Jozef
Le Corbusier was a pioneering Swiss-French architect and urban planner. Some key ideas from the document are: 1) A house is a machine for living in. Architecture is the learned game of forms assembled in the light. He preferred drawing over talking as it was faster and left less room for lies. 2) He was dedicated to providing better living conditions for residents of crowded cities through his designs of buildings like the Villa Savoye and plans for the contemporary city. 3) One of his most famous works was planning the city of Chandigarh in India in the 1950s based on his principles of urban design and modern architecture.

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LE CORBUSIER

• A house is a machine for living in.


• Architecture is the learned game, correct
and magnificent, of forms assembled in
the light.
• I prefer drawing to talking. Drawing is
faster, and leaves less room for lies
name: Le Corbusier.
Birth date : October 6,1887.
Birth place : Switzerland
Infuence : His family’s Calvinism , love for arts.
His master: Charles L’ Eplattenier a teacher at the local school.
At thirteen , abanded match making and continued his study in arts.
Pioneer in studies of modern high design.
Dedicated to providing better living conditions for residents of the
croweded cities.
• 1920’s – adopted his pseudonym.
• Architecture teacher in the art school – Rene Chapallaz.
• 1907 – traveled to Paris – found work in the office of
Augeste Perret, the French pioneer of Reinforced
Concrete.
• 1908 – Studied architecture.
• Between October 1910 and March 1911 – worked for
renowned architect, Peter Behrens near Berlin.
• Taught at his old school during World War I.
• Worked in theoretical architectural studies using
modern techniques.
• Began his own architectural practice in 1922 with his
cousin, Pierre Jeanneret – partnership lasting 50 years.
• Established a new artistic movement, Purism in
collaboration with Cubist painter, Amedee Ozenfant.
• Between 1918 & 1922, no building – concentrating his
efforts on Purist theory and painting
Married Yvonne Gallis, a dressmaker and fashion model –
died in 1957.
His first house, Villa Pallet.
In Switzerland – designed a series of villas & embarked
on a more theoretical study for a structural frame of
reinforced concrete. VILLA PALLET
Envisaged it as an affordable, prefabricated system for
the construction of new housing – wake of World War I’s
destruction.
Developed with the help of Max Dubois and Perret, the
system differed from the then standard Hennibique
frame in its idealization of floors as flat slabs without
exposed beams.
• At the end of war – moved to Paris – worked on
concrete structures under Government contracts –
also ran a small brick manufacturing.
• Dedicated most of his efforts to the more influential,
and lucrative, discipline of painting.
• Proposed an architecture – satisfying both the
demands of industrial and the timeless concerns of
architectural form.
• Included the first city plan, the Contemporary city.
• Proposed two housing types CONTEMPORARY CITY
Vaulted Maison Maison Citrohan Mono
ARCHITECTURE CAREER
During 1920’s – realized his first mature architecture in a series of villas.
Foundation of architecture – Dom-ino House (1914-1915)

Proposed an open floor plan consisting of concrete slabs supported by a


minimal number of thin, reinforced concrete columns around the edges, with a
stairway providing access to each level on one side of the floor plan. DOM-
INO HOUSE
IDEAS
The Modular: Use of Golden ratio for the scale of architectural proportion.
Use of human measurements, Fibonacci series and the double unit. ○ E.g..:-
1927 Villa Stein, Graches.

Placed system of harmony VILLA STEIN and proportion at the centre of his
design philosophy.

Influence
Most influential in the sphere of urban planning.

City of the future – large apartment buildings isolated in a park like setting on pilotis.
Heavily influenced by problems he saw in industrial cities at the turn of 19th to 20th
century.

Leader of the modernist movement to create better living conditions & a better society
through housing concepts.
Villa Savoye
Villa Savoye is a modernist villa in Poissy, in the outskirts of Paris, France

built between1928 and 1931•

A manifesto of Le Corbusiers "five points" of new architecture, the villa is


representative of the bases of modern architecture, and is one of the most
easily recognizable and renowned examples of the International style
"Five Points": •Support of ground-level pilotis,elevating the building from the earth and allowed
an extended continuity of the garden beneath.

•Functional roof, serving as a garden and terrace, reclaiming for nature the land occupied by the
building.

•Free floor plan, relieved of load- bearing walls, allowing walls to be placed freely and only
where aesthetically needed.

•Long horizontal windows, providing illumination and ventilation. •Freely-designed facades,


serving as only as a skin of the wall and windows and unconstrained by load-bearing
considerations
Chandigarh :
In 1950 invited by Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru to design the city. Chandigarh –
Provisional capital of Punjab.

Commencing of work started in 1951 until his death in 1965.

DESIGN
• Grid Iron Plan • Hierarchy of movement from highways to pedestrian walkways.
• Metaphor of a human being
. • Head – Capital Complex.
Heart – Commercial Centre.
Arms – Academic and Leisure Facilities.
•Incorporated his principles of light, space and greenery.
Divided the city into different sectors.

Each sector having the residential and commercial zones.

Planning was done in such a way that a tourist can also find his own way.

Maps displayed along the walkways and footpaths.

Roads

Designed and oriented in such a way that most of the time during the day, they are under
shadow.

Huge parking areas for the commercial zones.

Parking lanes – broad as main roads.

Pedestrian walkways segregated from the main road with the help of wide lawn strip.
Huge gardens along the main roads
•The most significant role played by Le Corbusier in Chandigarh was in conceiving the city’s
present urban form .

•It is the well-ordered matrix of his generic neighborhood unit and the hierrarchie calculation
pattern of his ‘7Vs that has given Chandigarh its distinctive character.

.•The Matrix comprises a regular grid of the fast traffic V3 roads which define each neighbourhood
unit, the ‘Sector.

•The Sector itself was conceived as a self-sufficient and - in a radical departure from mother
precedents and contemporarous concepts - a completely introverted unit ,but was connected with
the adjoining one is through its V4 - the shopping street, as well as the bands of open space that
cut across.

•The vertical green belts, with the in the opposite direction. pedestrian V7, contained sites for

•Day-to-day facilities for shopping, schools and sports activities , healthcare, recreation and the like
were arrayed along the V4 - all on the shady side.
0

Assembly hall high court


• The Palace of Assembly is conceived as a rectilinear square with a
monumental portico facing the main plaza. A band of offices are found on
the opposite side of the building. The building has two parts, the assembly
chamber (the Punjab assembly), and the smaller council chamber (the
Haryana assembly).
• The assemblies are linked by a foyer.
• Le Corbusier has employed bricks and concrete with rough finishes, as
these were the principal architectural materials easily available in
Chandigarh. Steel and other material were rejected as they were scarce
and not feasible for the vast project at hand
• Le Corbusier’s play with bright primary colours, shapes and forms burst
forth in the skylight and window cut-outs of different shapes
• The High Court building is L-shaped in plan with the long façade facing the capitol plaza.
The building has a rectilinear frame with eight nos. courtrooms located on the main
façade, separated from the larger ‘Chief Justice’ Court by a monumental, pillared
entrance, extending to the full height of the entrance.
This massive entrance bears a close resemblance to the Buland Darwaza of Fatehpur
Sikri.
The small Courts are 8x8x12 meters.
It was planned that the design should permit the government to function through out
the year, furnishing protection from the sun and monsoon rains.
Accordingly, double roof was provided, the upper roof placed over the lower roof was
provided in the manner of a parasol, shading the lower roof.
The space between the two roofs is left open to enable air currents to move. The
parasol roof slopes towards the centre in the form of a row of arches.
The High Court building, when completed in 1956 proved to be insufficient in space.

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