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Unit-4.1 Print-1

1) DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is used to automatically assign IP addresses, subnet masks, default gateways and DNS server addresses to devices on a network. 2) When a client boots up, it sends a DHCP request to the DHCP server using port 68. The DHCP server listens on port 67 to receive these requests. 3) The DHCP server then issues an IP address to the client along with other network configuration parameters like subnet mask, default gateway and DNS server addresses. This allows devices to be configured automatically on the network.

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51 views14 pages

Unit-4.1 Print-1

1) DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is used to automatically assign IP addresses, subnet masks, default gateways and DNS server addresses to devices on a network. 2) When a client boots up, it sends a DHCP request to the DHCP server using port 68. The DHCP server listens on port 67 to receive these requests. 3) The DHCP server then issues an IP address to the client along with other network configuration parameters like subnet mask, default gateway and DNS server addresses. This allows devices to be configured automatically on the network.

Uploaded by

Abhay Bv
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 14

Host Configuration:

DHCP

1
Chapter Introduction
Outline DHCP Operation
Configuration

2
INTRODUCTION

• Each computer that uses the TCP/IP protocol suite needs

to know its IP address.

• If the computer uses classless addressing or is a member

of a subnet, it also needs to know its subnet mask.

3
• Two other pieces of information required for
today's computers. They are

1. The address of a default router to be able to


communicate with other networks.

2. The address of a name server to be able to use


names instead of addresses.

4
 Normally four pieces of information are
needed for communication is established from
client process to server.

1. The IP address of the computer

2. The subnet mask of the computer

3. The IP address of a router

4. The IP address of a name server

5
 Four pieces of information can be stored in a

configuration file and accessed by the computer

during the bootstrap process.

 But what about a diskless workstation or a

computer with a disk that is booted for the first

time?

6
 A diskless computer, the operating system and
the networking software could be stored in read-
only memory (ROM).
 Four information is not known to the
manufacturer and thus cannot be stored in ROM.
 The information is dependent on the individual
configuration of the machine and defines the
network to which the machine is connected.

7
Previous Protocols
 Before DHCP the formal protocol for host
configuration, some other protocols were
used for this propose.
RARP (Reverse Address Resolution Protocol)
 At the beginning of the Internet RARP used to
provide the IP address for a booted computer.

8
Disadvantages of RARP
 RARP is outdated now because of two reasons.

1. RARP is using the broadcast service of the data-


link layer; that means the RARP must be present
at each network.

2. RARP only provides IP address but today the


computer also need other information.

9
BOOTP (Bootstrap Protocol )
 It is a client/server protocol designed to
overcome the two deficiencies of the RARP
protocol (replace RARP).
 BOOTP protocol used to by a client for obtaining
an IP address from a server.

10
 The BOOTP server can be anywhere in the Internet.
 It can provide all pieces of information.
 BOOTP is a static configuration protocol.
 When a client requests its IP address, the BOOTP
server consults a table that matches the physical
address of the client with its IP address.
 The binding between the physical address and the
IP address of the client already exists. The binding
is predetermined.

11
 some situations BOOTP is a dynamic configuration
protocol.
 For example, when a host moves from one physical
network to another, its physical address changes.
 Another example, there are occasions when a host
wants a temporary IP address to be used for a period of
time.
 BOOTP cannot handle these situations because the
binding between the physical and IP addresses is static
and fixed in a table until changed by the administrator.

12
DHCP
(Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)
 DHCP is a protocol that automatically assigns a
unique IP address to each device that connects to
a network.
 DHCP provide the four pieces of information for
a diskless computer or a computer that is booted
for the first time.

13
DHCP OPERATION

• client and server on the same network :


1.The DHCP server issues a passive open command on
UDP port number 67 and waits for a client.
• A booted client issues an active open command on
port number 68.
• The message is encapsulated in a UDP user
datagram, using the destination port number 67 and the
source port number 68.

14

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