Scribd
Upload
545 views8 pages

Entropi: Nurul Hayati Binti Ahmad

1) Entropy is a measure of disorder or randomness in a system. The entropy of a solid is less than a liquid since a solid is more ordered. 2) According to the second law of thermodynamics, the entropy of an isolated system never decreases and always increases for irreversible processes. 3) Entropy increases when heat is transferred from a hot object to a cold object in an irreversible process, but remains constant in a reversible process where heat is transferred between objects of the same temperature.

Uploaded by

aimanhazim
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
545 views8 pages

Entropi: Nurul Hayati Binti Ahmad

1) Entropy is a measure of disorder or randomness in a system. The entropy of a solid is less than a liquid since a solid is more ordered. 2) According to the second law of thermodynamics, the entropy of an isolated system never decreases and always increases for irreversible processes. 3) Entropy increases when heat is transferred from a hot object to a cold object in an irreversible process, but remains constant in a reversible process where heat is transferred between objects of the same temperature.

Uploaded by

aimanhazim
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 8

ENTROPI

NURUL HAYATI BINTI AHMAD


APA ITU ENTROPI?

• Ordered arrangement of molecules in equilibrium


• Entropy increase with disorder (Semakin tak tersusun, semakin meningkat
entropy.
• Cth: solid is highly ordered arrangement than liquid , So the entropy of solid
is less than liquid.
Hukum Termodinamik Kedua
• Entropi di dalam sistem yang berasingan (isolated system) tidak akan
berkurang di mana entropi akan kekal malar (reversible process) atau
meningkat (irreversible process).

𝑸
Entropi, S =
𝑻 (𝑲𝒆𝒍𝒗𝒊𝒏)
REVERSIBLE PROCESS (Proses boleh balik)

𝑄𝐻 𝑄𝐿
𝑇𝐻 H L 𝑇𝐿

𝑄
∆𝑆 = ( constant T)
𝑇
𝑄
d S = 𝑇 ( non-constant T)

𝐿 𝐿 𝑑𝑄
∆ 𝑆 = ‫𝐻׬ = 𝑆𝑑 𝐻׬‬ (A system taken reversibly from H to L)
𝑇

∆ 𝑆 = 0 or remain constant
IRREVERSIBLE PROCESS (Proses tidak boleh balik)
Q flow

𝑄𝐻 𝑄𝐿
𝑇𝐻 H L 𝑇𝐿
−100 𝐽 100 𝐽
∆𝑆 = ∆𝑆 =
350 𝐾 200 𝐾
= - 0.286 J/K = 0.50 J/K
∆𝑆<0 ∆𝑆>0

• Heat begins to flow


• As heat leaves, entropy decreases (negative, - )
• As heat transfer, entropy increases (positive, + )
• ∆ 𝑆 > 0 (irreversible process)
∆ 𝑺 = ∆ 𝑺𝑯 + ∆ 𝑺𝑳
Notes: Entropy increases for the phase transition solid to liquid and liquid to gas.
Entropy also increases when there is a rise in temperature of a substance or an
increase in the number of molecules in a chemical reaction.
• For evaporation / melting process:
𝑚𝐿
∆𝑺= , where L is latent heat
𝑇 (𝑘𝑒𝑙𝑣𝑖𝑛)
• For heating or cooling process:
𝑇2
∆ 𝑺 = mc In , where c is specific heat capity
𝑇1
Example:
Calculate the change in entropy of 0.05 kg of water at temperature 20 °C when it is
heated until it changes to steam at a temperature of 100 °C. Given the specific heat
capacity of water is 4200 J/ kg K and the latent heat of vapourization of water is
2.26 x 107 J/kg.
Solution:
𝑇2
Change in entropy of water, ∆ 𝑆𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 = mc In
𝑇1
373
= (0.05 kg) (4200 J/ kg K ) In ( )
293
= 50.7 J/K
𝐽
0.05 𝑘𝑔 (2.26 𝑥 107 )
𝑘𝑔
Change in entropy of steam, ∆ 𝑆𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚 =
373
= 3029.5 J/K
Solution:
The total change in entropy is ∆ 𝑆 = ∆ 𝑆𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 + ∆ 𝑆𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚
= 50.7 J/K + 3029.5 J/K
= 3080.2 J/K

You might also like