By

Dharmendra singh (RA1511008030061) IT'A'

2. Literature review

3. Statement of the problem

4. Aim & Objectives

5. Materials and Method

6. Results and Discussion

7. Findings

8. Contribution to Knowledge
 Introduction
The study of weather is as old as the creation, it has always had a significant influence on the lives of people and shaped their
cultures, habits, attitudes, behaviour and their environments in general. Weather is mostly influenced by the following factors:

i. Location latitude
ii. Elevation
iii. Proximity to water bodies (Karl, 2014; Ukhurebor et al., 2017).

1. Weather has always been a universal concern and a major force of nature that has influenced mankind in a very authoritative
approach for an elongated period of time and the recent changes in the climate are becoming issues of great concern (Akhilesh
et al., 2015; Parvez et al., 2016).

2. Man has always tried to find out the causes of different weather conditions he finds himself in and possibly monitor and
forecast what the weather would be at any given time. Taking weather and trying to forecast it appropriately can make a
difference for the survival and prosperity of the human race (Ukhurebor et al., 2017; Karl, 2014).
 Literature Review
Authors Year Research Result Limitation
1. Akhilesh et al 2015 Bluetooth Based Weather Temperature and Light intensity,
Station humidity were measured atmospheric pressure
using a bluetooth based were not considered and
model the setup is a bit costly
2. Lanre and 2011 Design and Construction Low cost digital weather The weather station did
Umoru of a Low Cost Digital station for measuring not considered light
Weather Station some weather elements intensity beside, the
was constructed microcontroller used is
less versatile
3. Kirankumar 2015 Low Cost Wireless Low cost weather Light intensity,
Weather Monitoring measuring system was atmospheric pressure
System developed that measured were not considered also
some weather parameter the microcontroller used
is less versatile
4. Krejcar 2012 Weather Station with The station used The design and
Remote Control temperature sensor and construction setup is
other measuring sensors comparatively complex
using a remote control and is not cost effective
because of the kind of
microcontroller used
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 Statement of the Problem

1. The motivation for this work is centred on prevailing shortage of weather related data in most of our rural,
remote and interior villages/communities in particular. The evidence of this fact could be seen in poor
weather monitoring and forecasting that result in weather related environmental hazards that have some
negative effects on agricultural activities also the destruction of lives and properties as a result of the
unavailability in network of weather monitoring systems dedicated for weather services in these areas.
2. Even in some urban areas of the country where we have these weather monitoring systems and
stations/devices, there are still some constraints; partly due to the high cost of importation. Also, operating
and managing some of these imported weather monitoring systems and stations/devices requires high
technical expertise making their use some how difficult even for public uses let alone private users like
small-scale agriculturists/farmers, industrialists, researchers, travellers, schools and institutions.
 Aim & Objectives

The aim of this research is to design a cost effective, flexible and portable mini weather monitoring system that will be
used to measure and monitor temperature, atmospheric pressure, relative humidity, light intensity, dew point temperature,
altitude

The objectives of this research work are to:

1. Design the circuit using Arduino uno microcontroller with some modern reliable sensors and other components.

2. Write the code using the C or Python for data prediction computer programming language to program the Arduino
Mega 2560 Microcontroller with other components.

3. Use the system to log in weather data to ensure that the device measures weather data periodically and log the data
to a database.

4. Approximate the dew point temperature and calculate the altitude.

5. Compare the readings from the weather monitoring system with those from the Centre for Atmospheric Research
(CAR) and online weather reports (Accu Weather Report).
 Materials and Method
The project consists of two parts; the hardware and the software.

1. The hardware implementation involves designing the circuit using ArduinoUNO Microcontroller, Some
Modern Reliable Sensor; DHT 11 Digital Temperature and Humidity Sensor, BMP 180 Pressure and
Temperature Sensor and TSL 2561 Luminosity Sensor/Light Sensor, Data Logger which consist of the Real
Timer (DS 1307), Memory Card, HD444780 LCD, other Circuit Elements/ Materials like Connectors,
Resistors; 1000Ω Pot Resistor, Fixed 470Ω Resistor and Power source. These components were properly
selected to meet the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineering (IEEE) and other regulatory bodies on
instrumentation standards for obtaining valid and accurate measurements.

2. The software implementation involves; writing the code using the C computer programming language to
program the Arduino UNO microcontroller with other components (simulation) from Proteus 8.

3. Figure shows the method and approach of the system, Figure shows the circuit diagram of the weather
monitoring system from the simulation from Proteus 8, while Figure shows the snapshot of the designed mini
weather monitoring system.
The aim of this research is to design a cost effective, flexible and portable mini weather monitoring system
that will be used to measure and monitor temperature, atmospheric pressure, relative humidity, light intensity,
dew point temperature, altitude

The objectives of this research work are to:

1. Design the circuit using Arduino uno microcontroller with some modern reliable sensors and other
components.

2. Write the code using the C or Python for data prediction computer programming language to program
the Arduino Mega 2560 Microcontroller with other components.

3. Use the system to log in weather data to ensure that the device measures weather data periodically and
log the data to a database.

4. Approximate the dew point temperature and calculate the altitude.

5. Compare the readings from the weather monitoring system with those from the Centre for Atmospheric
Research (CAR) and online weather reports (Accu Weather Report).
6. Microcontrollers and Computer boards are the very heart of any electronics project; responsible for all
the major operations. Whether you are building an intelligent robot or a simple sensor, microcontrollers
Figure 3: Snapshot of the Designed Mini Weather Monitoring System
 Results and Discussion

1. The components were mounted and embedded for testing to be carried out. It was found that the system was
working properly.

2. After which measurements was carried out to measure some weather parameters in Benin City, Edo State
Nigeria (Latitude: 6°20′17″N, Longitude: 5°37′32″E and Elevation above sea level: 87.88 m ≈ 288 ft)
between 1st March to 8th March, 2017 for validation purposes.

3. The weather measurements of temperature, humidity, pressure, luminous intensity were carried out also the
approximation of the dew point temperature using the Thumb rule (Eqn. 1 or Eqn. 2) and calculation of
altitude using the Barometric Formula (Eqn. 3) were also done.

4. The results were analyzed and compared with weather data obtained from other sources (the Centre for
Atmospheric Research; CAR and online weather reports; Accu Weather Report) are tabulated in Table 2 to
Table 7 and Figure 4 to Figure 9 for the various weather elements respectively.

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 Findings

From the results of this research, the following findings were made:

1. The results and data from the designed mini weather monitoring system were in good conformity
with data obtained from other sources.

2. The temperature and relative humidity have influence on the dew point temperature.

3. The atmospheric pressure and relative humidity have influence on the altitude.

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 Contribution to Knowledge

An affordable, effective, flexible, portable and simple mini weather monitoring system that will be use
measuring temperature, atmospheric pressure, relative humidity, light intensity have been designed that
be helpful in mitigating climate-induced environmental disasters and also aid in the improvemen
agricultural productivity in our rural communities in particular.