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    Aptitude Test 1

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    priyanka
    A database management system (DBMS) is software that allows users to define, create, maintain and control access to a database. A DBMS provides functions for data management, transaction support, concurrency control, recovery, security, integrity and utilities. Common types of DBMSs include hierarchical, network, relational and NoSQL databases. The relational model stores data in tables with attributes, tuples, cardinality, degree and domains. Data integrity and constraints ensure accurate and consistent data.

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    Aptitude Test 1

    Uploaded by

    priyanka
    394 views18 pages
    A database management system (DBMS) is software that allows users to define, create, maintain and control access to a database. A DBMS provides functions for data management, transaction support, concurrency control, recovery, security, integrity and utilities. Common types of DBMSs include hierarchical, network, relational and NoSQL databases. The relational model stores data in tables with attributes, tuples, cardinality, degree and domains. Data integrity and constraints ensure accurate and consistent data.

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    A database management system (DBMS) is software that allows users to define, create, maintain and control access to a database. A DBMS provides functions for data management, transaction support, concurrency control, recovery, security, integrity and utilities. Common types of DBMSs include hierarchical, network, relational and NoSQL databases. The relational model stores data in tables with attributes, tuples, cardinality, degree and domains. Data integrity and constraints ensure accurate and consistent data.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    394 views18 pages

    Aptitude Test 1

    Uploaded by

    priyanka
    A database management system (DBMS) is software that allows users to define, create, maintain and control access to a database. A DBMS provides functions for data management, transaction support, concurrency control, recovery, security, integrity and utilities. Common types of DBMSs include hierarchical, network, relational and NoSQL databases. The relational model stores data in tables with attributes, tuples, cardinality, degree and domains. Data integrity and constraints ensure accurate and consistent data.

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    DATABASE

    MANAGEMENT
    SYSTEM
    DATABASE SYSTEMS

     A Database is a shared collection of logically related data and


    description of these data, designed to meet the information needs of
    an organization
     A Database Management System is a software system that enables
    users to define, create, maintain, and control access to the database.
    Database Systems typically have high cost and they require high
    end hardware configurations.
     An Application Program interacts with a database by issuing an
    appropriate request (typically a SQL statement)
    FUNCTIONS OF DBMS:

     Data Management
     Transaction Support
     Concurrency control
     Recovery
     Security
     Integrity
     Utilities
    TYPES OF DBMS

    •Hierarchical
    •Network
    •Relational
    •No Sql
    RELATIONAL MODEL:

    •Relational Databases store data in relations i.e. tables.


    •Each relation must have a name.
    Components Of Relational Models are
    Attribute
    Tuple
    Cardinality
    Degree
    Null
    Domain
    DATA INTEGRITY AND CONSTRAINTS

    Data integrity refers to maintaining and assuring the accuracy and consistency of data
    over its entire life-cycle.
    Database Systems ensure data integrity through constraints which are used to restrict
    data that can be entered or modified in the database.
    Types of Integrity
    •Entity Integrity
    •Domain Integrity
    •Referential Integrity
    Types Of Keys

    A Candidate Key is a minimal set of columns/attributes that can be used to uniquely


    identify a single tuple in a relation.

    A Primary key is the candidate key that is selected to uniquely identify a tuple in a
    relation.

    A foreign key is a set of one or more columns in the child table whose values are
    required to match with corresponding columns in the parent table
    ER MODEL

     ER model is a graphical representation of entities and their relationships which helps


    in understanding data independent of the actual database implementation.

     Key Terms of ER

     Entity

     Attribute

     Relationships
    CARDINALITY

    Cardinality of relationship is the number of instances in one entity which is


    associated to the number of instances in another
    Crow Foot Notation

    Crow foot notation is one of the ways to represent cardinality of relationship in an ER Model.
    The following are the notations:
    SQL-Structured Query Language

     Structured Query Language (SQL) is used to manage data in all relational


    databases like DB2, Oracle, SQL Server etc. SQL standards are maintained by
    ISO.
    DDL STATEMENTS

    CREATE TABLE statement is used to create a table in a database.

    DROP TABLE statement is used to remove an existing table from the


    database.
    CONSTRAINTS:

     These are Following Constraints Used to Create Table


     Not Null
     Primary Key
     Check
     Unique
     Foreign Key
    ALTER TABLE

     ALTER table can also be used to rename a column, change data type of a column and
    add or remove constraints.
    DML STATEMENTS

     Insertion
     Retrieval
     Updation
     Deletion

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