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    Stat LC No 1

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    Random variables are values assigned to outcomes of an experiment. They can be discrete, taking on countable values, or continuous, taking on uncountable real number values. Examples of discrete variables include the number of heads in a coin toss or number of students in a class. Continuous variables arise from measurements and can take any real number value within a given range, like height or weight. Random variables are classified as discrete or continuous based on whether their possible values are countable or uncountable.

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    Stat LC No 1

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    sympatico81
    650 views6 pages
    Random variables are values assigned to outcomes of an experiment. They can be discrete, taking on countable values, or continuous, taking on uncountable real number values. Examples of discrete variables include the number of heads in a coin toss or number of students in a class. Continuous variables arise from measurements and can take any real number value within a given range, like height or weight. Random variables are classified as discrete or continuous based on whether their possible values are countable or uncountable.

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    STAT LC NO 1

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    STAT LC NO 1

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    Random variables are values assigned to outcomes of an experiment. They can be discrete, taking on countable values, or continuous, taking on uncountable real number values. Examples of discrete variables include the number of heads in a coin toss or number of students in a class. Continuous variables arise from measurements and can take any real number value within a given range, like height or weight. Random variables are classified as discrete or continuous based on whether their possible values are countable or uncountable.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    650 views6 pages

    Stat LC No 1

    Uploaded by

    sympatico81
    Random variables are values assigned to outcomes of an experiment. They can be discrete, taking on countable values, or continuous, taking on uncountable real number values. Examples of discrete variables include the number of heads in a coin toss or number of students in a class. Continuous variables arise from measurements and can take any real number value within a given range, like height or weight. Random variables are classified as discrete or continuous based on whether their possible values are countable or uncountable.

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    of 6

    Random Variables

    - Is a set whose elements are the numbers assigned to the outcomes of an experiment. It is usually denoted by
    uppercase letters such as X, whose elements are denoted by a lower case letters, x1, x2, x3, and so on.

    - For instance, if a coin is tossed twice, the set of all possible outcomes (S) of the experiment is:
    S = {HH, HT, TH, TT}

    If we are interested in the number of tails that came out in the experiment, then we can assign numbers 0, 1 and 2 for
    each of the 4 possible outcomes. Thus we can write

    Sample Space Number of Tails From the table above, instead of writing number of
    HH 0 tails, we can denote it as X = {0,1,2}
    HT 1
    Then X is called Random Variables
    TH 1
    TT 2
    Types of Random Variables

    1. Discrete random variables


    - A random variable X is said to discrete random variable if it has a finite number of elements or infinite but
    can be represented by whole numbers. These values usually arise from counts.

    2. Continuous random variable


    - A random variable Y is said to be continuous random variable if it has infinite number of elements and cannot
    be represented by whole numbers. These values usually arise from measurements
    Example 1: A teacher’s record has the following
    X = Scores of students in a 50 item test
    Y = Gender
    Z = Height

    Classify each variable above as discrete or continuous


    Solutions: X is a discrete random variable
    Y is a discrete random variable
    Z is a continuous random variables
    Example 2: Write the possible values of each random variables
    a. X = number of heads in tossing a coin thrice
    b. Y = dropout rate (%) in a certain high school
    c. Z = number of female among 6 nurses

    Solution:
    a. X = {0, 1, 2, 3}
    b. Y = {all real numbers from 0 to 100} or {x|0 ≤ x ≤ 100}
    c. Z = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
    Practice Exercise 1.1

    A. Classify each random variable as discrete or continuous

    1. X = number of women among 10 newly hired teachers


    2. Y = height (in inches) of a randomly selected adult male
    3. Z = number of car accidents among 8 selected cities
    4. A = amount of rainfall in (mm) in the different cities
    5. B = number of gifts received by 20 students during Christmas season
    6. C = weight (in grams) of 8 randomly selected math books
    7. D = cost (rounded to the nearest PhP) of a statistics book
    8. E = number of eggs a hen lays
    9. F = the amount of milk obtained from a cow
    10. G = average temperature (in Celsius) in Baguio city for the past 5 days
    B. Write all the possible values of each random variable as describe.

    1. X = number of even number outcomes in a roll of a die


    2. Y = weight (in mg) of a powder that does not exceed 80 mg
    3. Z = number of heads in a 4 flips of a coin
    4. A = length (in cm) of a shoelace that is not longer 2 meters
    5. B = scores of a students in a 10 item test
    6. C = probability (in %) of raining today
    7. D = product of two numbers taken from a boxes containing number 0 through 5
    8. F = duration (in minutes) of a movie that does not exceed 2 hours
    9. G = number of typhoons that pass through PAR in a years
    10. H = number of pages a statistics book has

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