Circle

PRESENTED BY:GROUP1
Circle
- Is a set of all points on a
plane that are a fixed
distance from a specific
point, called the center.
- Important shape in the field
of geometry.
 .

Secant
Parts of a Circle
Radius Distance from the center to any point on the circle (O)
Chord Line segment whose endpoints are on the O
Diameter Chord that passes through the center. Diameter = 2x the
length of a radius
Secant Line that intersects the circle in two points
Tangent Line that intersects the O in exactly on point
Point of Tangency Point where a tangent line touches the O
Label the Circle
Find the parts
1.Radii
2.Chords
3.Diameter
4.Secant
5.Tangent
6.Point of
Tangency
ARCS OF A CIRCLE
Measure of theCentral Angle

The length of the arc itself

 ARC OF A CIRCLE
The arc of a circle is a portion of the circumference of a circle

A
C

Arc
B
CENTRAL ANGLE
An angle formed by two rays whose vertex is the center of the circle.

AOB is a central angle

 CENTRAL ANGLE
The measure of the central angle is equal to the measure of its intercepted arc.

60°

60°

AOB is a central angle

 ARCS OF A CIRCLE
AND
ITS DEGREE MEASURE
SEMI-CIRCLE

180°
MAJOR AND MINOR ARC
The degree measure of a minor arc is
the measure of the central angle
which intercepts the arc.

The degree measure of a major arc is

equal to 360° minus the measure of
the minor arc with the same
endpoints
 TRY THIS!
M S

85°
1 250° 2

L R
K Q

m 1= m 2=
 TRY THIS!

105°
85°
3 4

m 3= m 4=
 THEOREMS ON
CENTRAL ANGLES, ARCS
AND CHORDS
 THEOREM 1
Two minor arcs are congruent if and only if their corresponding central angles are congruent.
 THEOREM 1
Two minor arcs are congruent if and only if their corresponding central angles are congruent.

E E

A F D
60° 60° D 75°

B C B C
What is the measure of AB and CD? What is the measure of DC?
 THEOREM 2
Two minor arcs are congruent if and only if their corresponding chords are congruent.
 THEOREM 2
Two minor arcs are congruent if and only if their corresponding chords are congruent.

55
S
 THEOREM 2
Two minor arcs are congruent if and only if their corresponding chords are congruent.

(7n +11)° Given in Circle E where CD = AB

Find the measure of CD AND AB

(9n -11)°
 THEOREM 3
A diameter bisects a chord and an arc with the same endpoint if and only if it is perpendicular
to the chord
 THEOREM 3
A diameter bisects a chord and an arc with the same endpoint if and only if it is perpendicular
to the chord

Given in Circle D where XY WD

DZ = 12cm and radius is 13cm

Find the measure of

XZ

DY

ZW

YZ
 THEOREM 3
A diameter bisects a chord and an arc with the same endpoint if and only if it is perpendicular
to the chord

Given in Circle A where BC EF

AD = 12cm, and radius is 20cm
Find the measure of

ED

AC

AB

EB

EC

BC
Proving the Theorems
 THEOREM 1
Two minor arcs are congruent if and only if their corresponding central angles are congruent.
~
Given: In Circle A, CAB = DAE STATEMENTS REASONS
~
Prove: CB = DE ~
In Circle A, CAB = DAE Given

~ The measure of the central angle of

CAB = mCB a circle is equal to the measure of
~ its intercepted arc
DAE = mDE
~ Definition of
CAB = DAE congruent angles
~
mCB = mDE Substitution

~ Definition of
CB = DE Congruent Arcs
 THEOREM 2
Two minor arcs are congruent if and only if their corresponding chords are congruent.
~
Given: In Circle S, PQ = PR STATEMENTS REASONS
Prove: PQ = PR ~
In Circle S, PQ = PR Given

~ ~ Radii of the same circle are

SQ = SR = SP congruent

~ SSS Postulate
∆𝑷𝑸𝑺 = ∆PSR
S
~
PSQ = PSR CPCTC

~ If the central angles of a circle are

PQ = PR congruent, then their corresponding
minor arcs are congruent
 THEOREM 3
A diameter bisects a chord and an arc with the same endpoint if and only if it is perpendicular
to the chord
Given: In Circle X, EG is a diameter STATEMENTS REASONS
and it is perpendicular to FD
at point H In Circle X, EG is a diameter and it Given
~ ~ is perpendicular to FD at point H
Prove: FG = DG , DH = HF
Definition of
DHE and FHE are right angles perpendicular lines

~ Right angles are congruent

DHE = FHE
~ ~ ~ Radii of the same circle are
EX = XG = XF = XD congruent
X
~
∆𝑫𝑯𝑿 = ∆𝐅𝐇𝐗 Hypotenuse Leg Theorem

DH = FH CPCTC
Definition of Segment
EG bisects FD Bisector
 THEOREM 3
A diameter bisects a chord and an arc with the same endpoint if and only if it is perpendicular
to the chord
Given: In Circle X, EG is a diameter STATEMENTS REASONS
and it is perpendicular to FD ~
at point H DHX = FHX CPCTC
~ ~
Prove: FG = DG , DH = HF DXH and DXG are the same
Angles;
X, H, G are collinear
FXH and FXG are the same
Angles.
~ Definition of congruent
m FXG = m DXG angles
The measure of an arc is
X mFG = m GXF equal to the measure of its
mDG = m DXG corresponding central angle

~
mFG = mDG Substitution
~ Definition of Congruent
FG = DG Arcs
Sector of a Circle
- Is a region bounded by an arc of the
circle and two radii(radius) to the
endpoints of the arc.
Segment of a Circle
- Is a region bounded by an arc of
the segment joining its endpoints.
Sector
Area of a sector
of a circle
-Is a equation to find/ get the
product of the ratio measure of arc
360
and the area of the circle.

So… Area of Sector = Measure of Arc x Area of the Circle

360
.

Sector
Find the area of sector DOG in circle O.
Given:
D r = 4.5 cm
MOA = 120
AOC =
VOC = 360
4.5 cm
Formula:
120
G Area of Sector = Measure of Arc x Area of the Circle
360
O

Formula:
Area of the Circle (AOC) = r²
Find the area of sector DOG in circle O.
Given:
r = 4.5 cm
MOA = 120
D AOC = 6.75 cm2
VOC = 360
Formula:
Area of the Circle (AOC) = r²
4.5 cm Solution:
120 Area of the Circle) = r²
G =  (4.5 cm)²
O = 20.25 cm²
Formula:
Area of Sector = Measure of Arc x Area of the Circle
360
Solution:\
Area of Sector = 120 x 20.25 cm²
360
= 1 x 20.25 cm²
3
= 6.75 cm²
Find the area of the sector of the given pizza.
Given:
T r = 30 cm
MOA = 90
AOC =
VOC = 360
30 cm
Formula:
90
P Area of Sector = Measure of Arc x Area of the Circle
360
A

Formula:
Area of the Circle (AOC) = r²
Find the area of the sector of the given pizza.
Given:
r = 30 cm
MOA = 90
T AOC = 225 cm2
VOC = 360
Formula:
Area of the Circle (AOC) = r²
30 cm Solution:
90 Area of the Circle) = r²
P =  (30cm) ²
A = 900 cm²
Formula:
Area of Sector = Measure of Arc x Area of the Circle
360
Solution:
Area of Sector = 90x 900 cm²
360
= 1 x 900 cm²
4
= 225 cm²
Area of the segment
of a circle
- is the region bounded by a chord
and the arc subtended by the chord.
- subtract the area of the triangle
from the area of sector of a circle.
-is the area of a sector minus the
triangular piece
So… Area of Segment = measure of arc
x Area of the Circle
360
.
 .

Find the area of the segment of circle.

12cm

12cm
Find the area of the segment of circle.
C Given:
base (b) = 12 cm AOT =
height (h) = 12 cm AOS =
MOA = 90
AOC = 144 cm²
12 cm
VOC = 360
Formula:
T Area of Sector = Measure of Arc x Area of the Circle
A 12 cm 360

Formula:
Area of Triangle (AOT) = 1 bh
2
Find the area of the segment of circle.
Given:
C base (b) = 12 cm AOT =
height (h) = 12 cm AOS =
MOA = 90
AOC = 144 cm²
VOC = 360
12 cm
Formula:
Area of Triangle (AOT) = 1 bh
T 2
A 12 cm
= 1 (12 cm) (12 cm)
2
= 72 cm²
Find the area of the segment of circle.
Given:
C base (b) = 12 cm AOT =
height (h) = 12 cm AOS =
MOA = 90
AOC = 144 cm²
VOC = 360
12 cm
Formula:
Area of Sector = measure of arc x Area of the Circle
T 360
A 12 cm
= 90 x 144
360

= 36 cm²
Length of the
segment of a circle
- is the region bounded by a chord
and the arc subtended by the chord.
- subtract the area of the triangle
from the area of sector of a circle.
-is the area of a sector minus the
triangular piece

So… l =  x 2r
360
Find the area of sector HEY in circle O.

Given:
H r = 4.5 cm
MOA = 120
AOC =
4.5 cm VOC = 360
120
Y
E Formula:
l== 
x 2r
360
Find the area of sector HEY in circle O.
Given:
H
r = 4.5 cm
MOA = 120
AOC =
VOC = 360
4.5 cm
Formula:
120
Y l= 
x 2r
E 360
Solution:
l= 120 x 2 (4.5 cm)
360
l= 1 x 9cm
3
l= 3 cm
 SEATWORK
Given in Circle J where PK NM
N
JL = 15 cm, and radius is 20 cm

Find the measure of the following:

1 1) KM
P K
J 50° L 2) 1

3) NL

4) LK
M
5) NPM
 SEATWORK
Given in Circle W where XY = ̃ QZ
Q
Find the measure of the following:

120° 1) QZ

x 2) XY
w
3) QX

4) YZ

80° Z 5) XYQ