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Data Type

C++ has several built-in and user-defined data types. User-defined types include structures, unions, classes, and enumerations. Structures and classes allow grouping of different data types whereas unions allocate memory for the largest data member. Enumerations allow defining a set of named integer constants. Arrays, functions, and pointers are derived data types in C++. Arrays allow grouping of similar data types, functions allow breaking down programs into reusable code segments, and pointers store addresses of variables and dynamically allocate memory.

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27 views10 pages

Data Type

C++ has several built-in and user-defined data types. User-defined types include structures, unions, classes, and enumerations. Structures and classes allow grouping of different data types whereas unions allocate memory for the largest data member. Enumerations allow defining a set of named integer constants. Arrays, functions, and pointers are derived data types in C++. Arrays allow grouping of similar data types, functions allow breaking down programs into reusable code segments, and pointers store addresses of variables and dynamically allocate memory.

Uploaded by

Pushpak Deshmukh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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C++ Data Type

User-define type Derived type

Structure Built-in type Array


Union Function
Class Pointer
enumeration reference

Integral type Void Floating type

int char float double


User Define DataTypes
Structures and Classes
struct & union are user define data
types in c which is suitable for oop’s.
Another user define data type is class
in c++.
Variable of class is called object.
Enumerated Data Type
Providing a way for attaching names to number
thereby increasing comprehensibility of code.
enum is keyword for enumerated data type.
Syntax of enum statement is similar to struct
statement.
Eg……… enum shape struct shape
{ circle, { int c;
square, int s;
triangle float t;
}; };
enum colour{red, blue, green, yellow};
enum position{off, on}
Why Enumerated data type is used?
By using tag name we can declare new
variable.
E.g.……
shape ellipse; // ellipse is of type shape
colour background // background is of type colour
C++ dose not permit an int value to be automatically
converted to an enum value.
E.g.……..
colour background = blue; // allowed
colour background = 7; // Error in c++
colour background = (colour) 7; // ok
Enumerated value can be used in place of
an int value.
int c = red; // valid, colour type promoted to int
By default the enumerators assigned
integer values i; e 0 for first enumerator.
E.g…….. enum colour{red, blue=4, green=8};
enum colour{red=5, blue, green};
Note: C++ permits creation of enum without tag
name.
E.g…….. enum{off,on};
E.g……
enum shape {circle, rectangle, triangle};
int main()
{
cout<< “Enter shape code:”;
int code;
cin>> code;
while(code>=circle && code <= triangle)
{
switch(code)
{
case circle:
………
………
break;
case rectangle:
………
………
break;
case triangle:
………
………
break;
}
cout<< “Enter shape code:”;
cin>> code;
}
cout<< “BYE \n”;
return 0;
}
Note:
C++, an enum define within a class is local
to that class.
Derived DataTypes
In C++, derived data type inclued……
Arrays:
In c++, size should be one larger than the
number of characters in the string.
E.g….. char string[4] = “xyz”; // for c++
Functions:
In c++ main function return value of type
int to the os.
The main function in C++ is defined as follows:
int main()
{
……..
….....
return 0;
}
Note: If function return zero value it means that
program run successfully.
Pointers :
C++ adds the concept of constant pointer
and pointer to a constant.
Declaration:
char * const p1 = “good”; // constant pointer
int const * p2 = &m; // pointer to a constant
Note: Pointers are used in C++ for memory
management and achieving polymorphism.

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