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Control Systems Engineering

This document provides information about a control engineering course. It includes details like the course title, credit hours, prerequisites, instructor contact information, textbook and reference books. The main topics that will be covered in the course are listed. Concepts like open-loop and closed-loop control systems, sensors, actuators and feedback control are defined. An example of a temperature control system using a thermistor sensor and compensator is described to illustrate the use of sensors in feedback control.

Uploaded by

Ahmad Raza
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
66 views

Control Systems Engineering

This document provides information about a control engineering course. It includes details like the course title, credit hours, prerequisites, instructor contact information, textbook and reference books. The main topics that will be covered in the course are listed. Concepts like open-loop and closed-loop control systems, sensors, actuators and feedback control are defined. An example of a temperature control system using a thermistor sensor and compensator is described to illustrate the use of sensors in feedback control.

Uploaded by

Ahmad Raza
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CONTROL ENGINEERING

Lecture No 1

“CONTROL SYSTEMS ENGINEERING”


By NORMAN S. NISE, 6th Edition
Text Book: Chapter 1

Instructor: Mr. Usman Nasim


Class: BEME B11

Mechanical Engineering Department

1
Course Information

Course Title: Control Engineering Lab (yes)


Credit hrs: 3-1
Prerequisites For this Course: Calculus, Complex Variables and
Transforms
Instructor: Mr. Usman Nasim
e-mail:
Office: Faculty office A 2.2
[email protected]
Text Book:. Control Systems Engineering
by Norman S. Nise 6th Edition
Reference Book(s):
1. Feedback Control Systems by Phillip and Harbor 4th Edition
2. MODERN CONTROL SYSTEMS by RICHARD C DORF
2
Main Topics
No. Topics
1 Introduction
2 Modeling in the frequency domain
3 Time response of systems
4 Reduction of multiple subsystems

5 Steady state errors


Sessional-1
6 Root locus
7 Design via root locus
8 Frequency response techniques
Sessional-2
9 Design via frequency response
10 Modeling in time domain – State Space
11 Design via State Space
Terminal Exam 3
Control Systems (Definition)
Comprises subsystems and processes (or plants) assembled for
the purpose of obtaining a desired output with desired
performance, given a specified input.

Signals flow from the input, through the system and


produce an output
4
Control Systems (Example)
Consider an elevator. When the fourth-floor button is pressed,
the elevator rises to the fourth floor with a speed and floor-
leveling accuracy designed for passenger comfort.

Two measures of
performance are :
(1) the transient
response
(2) the steady-state
error.

Passenger comfort and passenger patience are dependent


upon the transient response
5
Classification of Control Systems
Control Systems

Natural Man-made

Manual Automatic

Open-loop Closed-loop

Non-linear linear
Non-linear linear

Time variant Time invariant


Time variant Time invariant 6
System Configurations
Block diagrams of control systems:

open-loop system

closed-loop system 7
Antenna azimuth position control system:

system concept

detailed layout

8
Antenna azimuth position
control system:

Schematic diagram

functional block diagram

9
Response of a position control system showing effect of
high and low controller gain on the output response

10
The control system design process

11
One Example
Disturbance
Forces
Desired
Neural Output
position Control algorithm Signal Muscle Hand Position

(Brain) G(s)
Actuator Y(s)
R (s) Controller U (s) Plant
Reference Control block
Input

Eye
Sensor
Open loop No Feedback

Closed loop With Feedback

12
What is a Actuator?
• Actuator is a device which produce
mechanical energy (output motion) in
response to some type of energy input.

Complex
Electrical

Mechanical

Energy Actuator Motion Linear


Thermal Electro-
Mechanical
Fluid
• Hydraulic Rotary
• Pneumatic

Chemical

15
What is a sensor?
Sensors are transducers that produce (transform) electrical
energy (signals) as a result of some type of stimulation
(measurement space)

Temperature

Distance

Sensor
Electrical Voltage
Measurement Signals
Voltage
Force Current
Digital
Speed

Types of Sensors
Active.. Need External Power
16
Passive.. No External Power
Use of Sensors in
Feedback Control:
In The Next 3-Slides
Air condition
Cooling System
is explained 17
Temperature

+
200C
- 220V, 50Hz
150C
mV
WAPDA Supply
15 20

Reference Error=0 volts


20mV=
+ 200C 200C
- Compensator
+-
Desired

Thermistor
Gain=10 Converts
20mV 2mV Heat into
Amplifier volts
18
(Op-Amp
Temperature

+
200C
- 220V, 50Hz
150C
mV
WAPDA Supply
15 20

Error=+5 v
Reference
20mV=200C 150C
+- Compensator

Desired

Gain=10
15mV 1.5mV

19
Temperature

+
200C
- 220V, 50Hz
150C
mV
WAPDA Supply
15 20

Error= -5 v
Reference
20mV=200C 250C
+- Compensator

Desired

Gain=10
25mV 2.5mV

20
???
21

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