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This document provides information about memory and improving memory. It discusses the differences between working memory and long-term memory, as well as biological processes related to memory storage. Several types of memory disorders are described, including Alzheimer's disease and amnesia. Strategies for improving memory storage are also presented, such as mental exercises, physical exercise, sleep, and different learning methods.

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51 views20 pages

Powerpoint Lexture

This document provides information about memory and improving memory. It discusses the differences between working memory and long-term memory, as well as biological processes related to memory storage. Several types of memory disorders are described, including Alzheimer's disease and amnesia. Strategies for improving memory storage are also presented, such as mental exercises, physical exercise, sleep, and different learning methods.

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© © All Rights Reserved
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Memory

Unit: Memory
Class: Psychology
Instructor: Quan Nguyen
Content Standards

• Cont ent Standard 2: Storage of memory


2.1 Describe the differences between working memory and long-
term memory.
• 2.2 Identify and explain biological processes related to how
memory is stored.
• 2.3 Discuss types of memory and memory disorders (e.g.,
amnesias, dementias).
• 2.4 Discuss strategies for improving the storage of memories.
Got it Memorized?

• Imagine if you were to live a day in your life not remembering


anything, how would that end up.
• Memory is an important everyday function of living beings.
Class Table: Types of Memory

Memory Type Definition Limitations Visual Icon


Working Memory

Long Term Memory


Working Memory

• Working Memory: information that is temporarily stored until it is


moved into long term memory.
• If the memory is not processed or committed to long term
memory, then the information would be lost or forgotten.
• One would need to focus on attempting to committing the memory
to long term storage as the information can be misinterpreted
though interference.
Long Term Memory

• Long Term Memory: The stage that where memory is stored for an
indefinite period of time.
• This does not mean that information in long term memory cannot
be forgotten.
• Certain injuries or diseases can cause people to “lose” their
memories.
• Sleeping helps to retain the information to Long Term Memory.
Now You Try

• Try and write down as many farm animal names after the
instructor finishes stating them.

• Normally people memorize around 7 + or – 3 items on a list.


• When items are groups into specific categories such as the topic
above, people are able to memorize things easier.
Class Table: Memory Disorders

Memory Disorders Definition Where does the What are the


problem occur? Symptoms?

Alzheimer’s Disease

Amnesia
Alzheimer’s Disease

• A disease in the brain that’s cause is hard to pinpoint. Potentially


by genetics or head injuries.
• Symptoms include difficulty remembering recent events,
communication difficulties, mood swings, and disorientation.
• No known way to cure Alzheimer’s.
Amnesia

• Caused by physical trauma, disease, or psychological trauma.


• Symptoms mainly include loss of memory previously learned and
the reduction of the ability to learn information.
• There are many types of Amnesia: Anterograde, Retrograde, Post
Traumatic, Dissociative, ETC.
• The loss of memory can be specific events, trauma to the person,
or even one’s own identity.
Amnesia Cont.

• Anterograde Amnesia: Not able to create new memories mainly


due to brain damage. Still able to remember past memories.
• Retrograde Amnesia: Not able to remember past memories prior to
an incident. Still able to create new memories.
• Post traumatic Amnesia: Caused generally by a head injury.
Amnesia can be either of the retrograde or anterograde amnesia,
but can recover from it.
• Dissociative amnesia: Amnesia caused by psychological harm. The
different types can be the inability to recall information about
specific events or creating a new identity or life
Now You Try

• Imagine yourself having Amnesia. Write about what could have


caused your Amnesia.

• Example: As a dissociative amnesiac, having a dramatic event that


caused a large amount of stress in my life caused me to move to
another state and take a new life, forgetting about my old one.
How does memory work biologically?

• Memory is stored in a specific area of


the brain, mainly the hippocampus.
• Neurons fire in a specific order in a
chain to trigger the remembrance of
the memory.
• By repeating this sequence, such as
trying to remember something by
repetition, the neuron sequence will
get strengthened.
Class Table: Improving Memory

Memory Impvement How does it help What are some Picture Explaining
Methods improve your things to do?
memory?

Mental Exercises

Physical Exercises

Sleep

Learning methods
Mental Exercises

• Your brain is in charge of your mental processes, so one needs to


keep it healthy.
• Learn something new: By learning new things, you create new
connections in the brain.
• Difficult: If a task is too easy, your brain does not get challenged.
By being challenged, you strain your brain and strengthen it.
• Reward yourself: By rewarding yourself, your brain keeps its
interest and is more inclined to continue on.
Physical Exercise

• Your Brain is a part of your body, a


muscle. In order for it to stay fit, one
needs to stay fit as well.
• Aerobic Exercise: Oxygen is important
to your vital organs and keeps your
blood moving. Having more blood
circulate to your brain keeps it healthy.
• Exercise breaks: Having small breaks of
physical activity can help move past
mental fatigue and barriers.
Sleep

• The amount of sleep one gets affect’s their brains and how much
one can memorize.
• Reduce Caffeine Intake: Caffeine has properties to keep one
awake for longer periods of time
• Avoid Blue Light before sleeping: Blue Light can strain a person’s
eyes and cause headaches if exposed to a person’s eyes for long
periods of time.
• Make a Sleep Schedule: By having a regulated routine for sleep, it
creates structure for your body to get ample rest.
Memorization Techniques

• By creating methods for easier memorization, you are able to


store more in your memory.
• Mnemonic devices: Alternate ways to encode information. For
example, Acronyms and Chunking.
• Relate the information: By relating new information with ones you
previously know, you create connections the new information to
be stored.
Now You Try

• How are some of the ways you as a student can improve your
memory using the provided information.
• Example: I can start sleeping at 10PM so I can get the ample
amount of sleep for the day.
Wrap Up

• Compare and contrast the different memory disorders listed.

• Why is there is a process for memory to be encoded?

• What are some mnemonics easier to use for some people than
others?

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