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Mathematical Induction

This document discusses trigonometric identities involving the sum and difference of angles, as well as cofunction identities. It defines complementary angles and derives the following sum and difference identities: cos(x - y) = cos x cos y + sin x sin y, cos(x + y) = cos x cos y - sin x sin y, sin(x - y) = sin x cos y - cos x sin y, sin(x + y) = sin x cos y + cos x sin y. It also derives the cofunction identities: cos(-π/2 - y) = sin y, sin(-π/2 - y) = cos y, etc. Several examples are worked out applying these identities.

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Jonnifer Quiros
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51 views12 pages

Mathematical Induction

This document discusses trigonometric identities involving the sum and difference of angles, as well as cofunction identities. It defines complementary angles and derives the following sum and difference identities: cos(x - y) = cos x cos y + sin x sin y, cos(x + y) = cos x cos y - sin x sin y, sin(x - y) = sin x cos y - cos x sin y, sin(x + y) = sin x cos y + cos x sin y. It also derives the cofunction identities: cos(-π/2 - y) = sin y, sin(-π/2 - y) = cos y, etc. Several examples are worked out applying these identities.

Uploaded by

Jonnifer Quiros
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SUM, DIFFERENCE, AND COFUNCTION

IDENTITIES
Learning Objectives
1. derive trigonometric identities involving sum and
difference of angles
2. derive the cofunction identities
Complementary Angles
if the sum of their measures is 90°

If α and β are the acute angles of a right triangle,


cos α = sin β and sin α = cos β
tan α = cot β
Sum and Difference Identities
cos(x – y) = cos x cos y + sin x sin y
cos(x + y) = cos x cos y – sin x sin y

sin(x – y) = sin x cos y – cos x sin y


sin(x + y) = sin x cos y + cos x sin y
Cofunction Identities

π
cos − y = sin y
2

π
sin − y = cos y
2
𝜋
Evaluate cos .
12

𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
= −
12 3 4

From the difference identity:


𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
cos = cos − = cos cos + sin sin
12 3 4 3 4 3 4
1 2 3 2 𝟐+ 𝟔
= + =
2 2 2 2 𝟒
Sum and Difference Identities

tan x +tan y
tan(x + y)=
1−tan x tan y
tan x −tan y
tan(x − y)=
1+tan x tan y
Cofunction Identities
π
tan −x = cot x
2
π
cot −x = tan x
2
π
sec −x = csc x
2
π
csc −x = sec x
2
tan 50°−tan 20°
Evaluate:
1+tan 50° tan 20°

tan 50° − tan 20°


1 + tan 50° tan 20°
= tan 50° − 20°
𝟏
= tan 30° =
𝟑
Sum and Difference Identities

cos(x ± y) = cos x cos y ∓ sin x sin y


sin(x ± y) = sin x cos y ± cos x sin y
tan x ±tan y
tan(x ± y)=
1∓tan x tan y
Cofunction Identities
π
co𝑠 − 𝑦 = sin y
2

π
cot − x = tan x
2

π
csc − x = sec x
2
Exercises
Evaluate the following:
1. sin 143° cos 23° − cos 143° sin 23°
tan 28°+tan 17°
2. 1−tan 28° tan 17°
5π
3. sin
12
4. tan(15°)
4 5
5. Find cos(α − β) given sin α = and sin β = ,
5 13
where both α and β are in the first quadrant

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