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Java Se (Core Java) : Lecture-8

This document discusses various decision control statements in Java like if, if-else, nested if, switch, and ternary operator. It provides examples and exercises to demonstrate how to use each statement. Key topics covered include using if-else to check multiple conditions more efficiently than nested if statements, accepting user input via command line arguments, and evaluating conditional expressions in a single line using the ternary operator. The next lecture will cover using the Scanner class for user input.

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GauRav PaNdey
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32 views

Java Se (Core Java) : Lecture-8

This document discusses various decision control statements in Java like if, if-else, nested if, switch, and ternary operator. It provides examples and exercises to demonstrate how to use each statement. Key topics covered include using if-else to check multiple conditions more efficiently than nested if statements, accepting user input via command line arguments, and evaluating conditional expressions in a single line using the ternary operator. The next lecture will cover using the Scanner class for user input.

Uploaded by

GauRav PaNdey
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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JAVA SE

(CORE JAVA)
LECTURE-8
Today’s Agenda

 Decision Control Statements

 If , if-else , nested if

 switch

 Ternary Operator
Decision Control Statement

 Decision making is the most crucial part of any program.

 For example :- Deciding whether a given a number is even or


odd.

 In such cases java supports various decision control statements like


other programming languages, they are

 if, if else, nested if


 switch
 Ternary Operator
if Statement

 Syntax :-
false
if(test_Condition)
{ true
-----
-----
}

* In case there is only a single statement in the body


of if- statement then curly braces can be dropped.
if else

false
if(test_Condition)
{
true
-----
-----
}
else
{
----
----
}
 Every else statement should have one if
statement.
if else if

 In case of checking multiple conditions there are two


options,
1. Use only if statement to check every condition.
2. Use else if statement after the first if statement to check
all the other remaining conditions.
 The first method holds a drawback. Can you tell what???
 The drawback in using only if statement to check all the conditions if
that, even after getting the right statement and executing it the
compiler still continues checking all the remaining statements, which
increases run time of the program.
 So it is convenient and suggested to use if else if statement
to check multiple conditions.
if else if

false
if(test_Condition)
{
true
-----
-----
}
else if( test_Condition)
{
----
true
----
}
else
{
----
}
Nested if

 Any conditional statement within the other conditional statement makes it nested
in nature.

if(test condition)
{
if(test condition)
{
----------
----------
}
else
{
---------
---------
}
}
Try this…

 Accept an integer from user via command line argument and


check whether it is odd or even in nature.
 Solution
class EvenOdd
{
public static void main(String [ ] args)
{
int a=Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
if(a%2==0)
System.out.println(“Number is even”);
else
System.out.println(“Number is odd”);
}
}
Output
The switch Statement

 The switch statement is similar to if statement, as it is also a


decision control statement.
 It allows a variable to be tested against a list of values where
each value is called a case.
 Syntax :-
switch(variable_name or expression)
{ case value : //Statements
break;
case value : //Statements
break;
.
.
default : //Statements
}
The switch Statement

 The switch statement can use different variables to check the


conditions, which are byte, short, char, int.
 Java 7 onwards use of Strings and enumerated types are
also supported.
 Example :-
int month = 8;
switch (month)
{ case 1: System.out.println("January“);
break;
case 2: System.out.println("February“);
break;
// and so on…
default: System.out.println(“Invalid Month”);
}
The switch Statement

 Case II – Clubbing cases :-


switch(variable name)
{
case value 1: case value 2: case value3:
--------
break;
case value 4: case value 5: case value 6:
-------
break;
default:
-------
}
* Any number of cases can be clubbed together as per
condition.
Exercise
 WAP to accept a month number from the user via
command line argument and display the name of
the season in which the month falls according to the
table given below.
Month Number Season Name

11,12,1,2 Winter

3,4,5,6 Summer

7,8,9,10 Rainy

Any other value Wrong Input


Sample output
Solution

class SwitchEx1 Can we improve this???


{
public static void main(String [ ] args)
{
int month=Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
switch(month)
{
case 11: case 12: case 1: case 2: System.out.println("Winter season");
break;
case 3: case 4: case 5: case 6: System.out.println("Summer Season");
break;
case 7: case 8: case 9: case 10: System.out.println("Rainy Season");
break;
default: System.out.println("Wrong input");
}
}
}
Improved Solution

class SwitchEx1
{
public static void main(String [ ] args)
{
switch(args[0])
{
case "11": case "12": case "1": case "2": System.out.println("Winter season");
break;
case "3": case "4": case "5": case "6": System.out.println("Summer Season");
break;
case "7": case "8": case "9": case "10": System.out.println("Rainy Season");
break;
default: System.out.println("Wrong input");
}
}
}
Exercise
 WAP which should accept 3 arguments via
command line of type operand, operator and
operand and should display the result by
performing appropriate calculation. Assume
operator would be either + or - ?

Sample Run:
Ternary Operator

• The ternary operator can be used as an alternative to the


Java’s if-else and switch statements.
• But it goes beyond that, and can even be used on the right
hand side of java statements.
• Syntax :-
• <variable>=(test condition)?<true case>:<false case>;
• Example :-
int a=4;
String str;
str=(a%2==0)? “Even” : “Odd”;
System.out.println(str);
Try this…
• WAP to accept an integer via command line
argument and print its absolute value. (If user
enters -1 then result should be 1)
• Solution :-
class PrintAbsolute
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
int a,b;
a=Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
b=(a>=0) ? a : -a;
System.out.println(“Absolute value is”+b);
}
}
Try this…

• WAP to accept an integer via command line


argument and check whether it is a leap year or not
• Note: Not every year divisible by 4 is a leap year. For example
1700 was not a leap year. But 1600 was a leap year. Similarly year
2000 is a leap year but 2100 will not be a leap year

• So the condition for leap year is that:

• 1. year must be divisible by 4 and not divisible by 100


OR
• 2. year must be divisible by 400
Ref: https://www.mathsisfun.com/leap-years.html
End Of Lecture 8

For any queries mail us @: [email protected]


Call us @ : 0755-4271659, 7879165533

Agenda for Next Lecture:


1. Introduction To Scanner class

2. How to use Scanner class for input

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