Made By Group # 8

Nasir Iqbal , Adrees Khan , Zeeshan Khalid

What is Operating System
 Definition: An Operating System (OS) is a set of programs that
coordinate all the activities among the computer and mobile devices
hardware.

 Although it can be run from

USB flash drive or any other
external device but in most
cases it is installed inside a
computer or mobile device.

 An operating System is a System Software that indirectly governs

the whole computer because it simply consist of the programs that
coordinates the activities of the system.
Functions of the Operating System
1) Starting Computer and Mobile Devices
2) Shutting down Computer and Mobile Devices
3) Managing programs
4) Providing User Interface
5) Managing Memory
6) Coordinating Tasks
7) Controlling a Network
8) Administering Security
Functions of the Operating System
 Now we’ll discuss all the function Briefly.
1) Starting Computer and Mobile Devices
It has five major steps to Start the Computer or device.
(a) Switching on and Supplying the Current
(b) current causes the processor to reset itself and find the
start-up instruction from the firmware.
(c) The Start up process executes a series of test that checks
the various components. i.e. RAM chips , mouse etc.
(d) If all the tests are successful then the kernel of the
operating system load other frequently used instructions
from the internal storage or the RAM.
(e) The Operating system in the memory takes control of
the system and load system configuration information.
Functions of the Operating System
2) Shutting down the computer or mobile device
 To turn off a computer or mobile device , you may be required to use
the commands of operating system, press the keyboard key(s),push a
power button or a combination of these methods.
3) Managing Programs
 Operating System manage programs of the system. How Operating
System handles your programs directly affects you productivity. A single
tasking (OS)allows one program but multi tasking allow more than one
programs to reside in memory at the same time
Functions of the Operating System
4) Providing User Interface
 User Interface controls how you enter data and instructions and how
information is displayed on screen. And User Interface is controlled by
(OS).
 Two Types of operating system user interface are graphical and
command line.
Graphical relates to visual images and pictures while Command line is
used to perform tasks relating management and Administering.
Functions of the Operating System
5) Managing Memory
 The Purpose of the memory management is to optimize the use of
computer or device’s memory. i.e. RAM.
 The operating system allocates or assigns the data or instructions to
an area of the memory while they are being proceed. Then it carefully
monitors the content of the memory.
6) Coordinating Tasks
 The operating system determines
the order in which tasks are
processed. If more than one task
is being processed than (OS) will
coordinates the next task until the
first task finishes.
Functions of the Operating System
7) Controlling a Network
 Some operating Systems are designed to work with a server on a
network. The network administrator, the person overseeing network
operations, uses the server operating system to Add and remove users,
computers, and other devices to and from the network.
8) Administering Security
 A network administrator or owner
of the computer or device uses operating
system to create a private environment.
 When user gives the password compares
the user’s entity with the authorized user
name and password.
 Mobile users also use password protection
with the help of operating system.
 Types of Operating System
 There are 3 major types of Operating System
1- Desktop OS 2- Server OS 3- Mobile OS
1) Desktop Operating System
 A desktop OS, sometimes called Stand Alone OS is a complete
operating system that works in desktops, laptops, and some tablets. It
is also sometimes called Client OS because it also work in conjunction
with the Server OS. Windows, Mac OS, UNIX, LINUX, and Chrome OS
are the examples of Desktop OS.
 Types of Operating System
2) Server Operating System
 A server operating system is a multiuser operating system that
organize coordinates how multiple users access and share resources
on a network. Many of the above discussed desktop OS function as
client and work in conjunction with the server OS.
3) Mobile Operating System
 The Operating Systems that operate the mobile devices and some
of the tablets are called mobile operating system.
 Types of Operating System
 There are There Types of Mobile OS
1) Android
An Android is an Linux-based mobile operating system designed by
google for smartphone and tablets. Android have their own interface.
2) iOS (iPhone Operating System)
This is a proprietary mobile operating system specifically made for
Apple mobile devices.
3) Windows Phone
windows phone, developed by Microsoft, is a proprietary mobile OS
that run specifically on smartphones.
What is a Utility Program
 Definition: A program that performs a specific task related
the management of computer functions , resources or files
as password protection , memory management,
virus protection, and file compression.
 This program is designed for general
support of the processes of a
computer.
 Utility Programs do all the works
by maintaining the operations
of the system.
 Utility Software
 Definition: These are the software which create a workable
environment for the user to work on the system.
i.e. Anti-virus software etc.
 It is not the case that the system can not
run without these Software. Rather we can
say that these Software help the system to
work even more smoothly and efficiently.
Types of Utility Programs
 Although there are many types of Utility Programs .
Some of the most important are discussed here.
1) Anti-Virus : The Software which is used to detect and
remove the malwares from our computer system is known
as Anti-virus software.
Types of Utility Programs
2) Disk Defragmenter: The process which reduces the
fragmented space in the disk is called defragmentation.
And the Program which completes the tasks is called Disk
Defragmenter.
3) Compiler: For making the Program executable , a
programming language uses a program to transform the
source code written in programming language to machine
language code. That program that is being used to transform
the source code is called Compiler.
Types of Utility Programs
4) Disk Cleaner: There are the programs in-built in the operating
system to find and delete the unwanted files from the
computer system to free the disk space.
It could be temporary files or folders automatically created
during internet surfing.
Purposes of Utility Programs
 We will briefly Discuss the main purposes of the Utility
Programs.
1) File Sorting: Used for File Sorting i.e. by date or by name
This feature saves the time of the user and hence creates
a fresh environment.
Purposes of Utility Programs
2) File Conversion: This Feature converts a file into some
other type of file. i.e. Video to Audio Converter

3) File Back-up: Performs Data Back-up at regular times.

Purposes of Utility Programs
4) File Transfer: Feature of Copying , Deleting , Moving.
Used to copy a file , deleting unwanted files and moving
any file from one location to the other.

5) Anti-Virus: Detection and removing

of viruses and also scanning the
Computer to make it further safe.
Purposes of Utility Programs
6) File Rename: To rename any file for the convenience of
searching.
For the convenience
of searching and also
better sorting of files.

7) Disk Formatting: To format a Partition of the complete

drive.
 That’s all
Thank You
Allah Hafiz