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AC-DC Machine: Submitted by - Ankit Dixit Roll No and Sec - H-58 Department

The document discusses the operation of a single phase induction motor and how a capacitor start motor works to allow self-starting. It describes how a capacitor start motor uses a capacitor in series with an auxiliary winding to produce a 90 degree phase difference between the windings, enabling rotation of the squirrel cage rotor. Details are provided on the construction, phasor diagram, working, characteristics, and applications of the capacitor start induction motor.

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Ankit Dixit
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46 views9 pages

AC-DC Machine: Submitted by - Ankit Dixit Roll No and Sec - H-58 Department

The document discusses the operation of a single phase induction motor and how a capacitor start motor works to allow self-starting. It describes how a capacitor start motor uses a capacitor in series with an auxiliary winding to produce a 90 degree phase difference between the windings, enabling rotation of the squirrel cage rotor. Details are provided on the construction, phasor diagram, working, characteristics, and applications of the capacitor start induction motor.

Uploaded by

Ankit Dixit
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AC-DC Machine

CAE 2
Submitted by - Ankit Dixit
Roll no and Sec - H-58
Department - 1st Year (CSE)

TOPIC - Analysis of Single Phase Induction


Motor: Capacitor Start
Single Phase Induction Motor

• Single phase induction motor is an AC motor were electrical energy is


converted to mechanical energy to perform some physical task. This
induction motor requires only one power phase for their proper operation.

Why single phase induction motor is not self starting?


• The stator of a single phase induction motor is wound with single phase
winding. When the stator is fed with a single phase supply, it produces
alternating flux (which alternates along one space axis only). Alternating
flux acting on a squirrel cage rotor can not produce rotation, only revolving
flux can. That is why a single phase induction motor is not self starting
Capacitor Start Induction Motor
• A Capacitor Start Motors are a single phase Induction Motor that employs a capacitor in the
auxiliary winding circuit to produce a greater phase difference between the current in the main and
the auxiliary windings. The name capacitor starts itself shows that the motor uses a capacitor for
the purpose of the starting. The figure below shows the connection diagram of a Capacitor Start
Motor.
Construction :
The capacitor start motor has a cage rotor and has two windings on the
stator. They are known as the main winding and the auxiliary or the starting
winding.

The two windings are placed 90 degrees apart. A capacitor CS is connected


in series with the starting winding. A centrifugal switch SC is also connected
in the circuit.
Phasor Diagram

• IM is the current in the main winding which is lagging the auxiliary current IA by 90
degrees as shown in the phasor diagram above. Thus, a single phase supply
current is split into two phases. The two windings are displaced apart by 90
degrees electrical, and their MMF’s are equal in magnitude but 90 degrees apart
in time phase.
• The motor acts as a balanced two-phase motor. As the motor approaches its
rated speed, the auxiliary winding and the starting capacitor is disconnected
automatically by the centrifugal switch provided on the shaft of the motor.
Working

• The phase difference between main winding and starting


winding is achieved by introducing an electrolyte capacitor is
in series with starting winding.
• The capacitor is of electrolyte type.
• When the speed of the motor is increased 70 to 80% of full
load speed, the centrifugal switch open and starting winding
is cut out.
Characteristics of the Capacitor Start Motor

The capacitor starts motor develops a much higher starting torque of about 3 to
4.5 times of the full load torque. To obtain a high starting torque, the two
conditions are essential. They are as follows:-

•The Starting capacitor value must be large.

•The valve of the starting winding resistance must be low.


The Torque Speed Characteristic of the
motor is shown below.
Applications

• These motors are used for the loads of higher inertia where
frequent starting is required.
• Used in pumps and compressors
• Used in the refrigerator and air conditioner compressors.
• They are also used for conveyors and machine tools.

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