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An Introduction To Microprocessor Architecture Using 8085 As A Classic Processor

The document provides an overview of the architecture of the Intel 8085 microprocessor. It describes the main components of the 8085 CPU block diagram including the register group, arithmetic logic unit, instruction register and decoder, address buffers, interrupt control group, and serial I/O group. It provides details on the different registers like the program counter, stack pointer, accumulator, and flag register.

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86 views17 pages

An Introduction To Microprocessor Architecture Using 8085 As A Classic Processor

The document provides an overview of the architecture of the Intel 8085 microprocessor. It describes the main components of the 8085 CPU block diagram including the register group, arithmetic logic unit, instruction register and decoder, address buffers, interrupt control group, and serial I/O group. It provides details on the different registers like the program counter, stack pointer, accumulator, and flag register.

Uploaded by

Chirag
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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An Introduction to

Microprocessor Architecture
using intel 8085 as a classic
processor

http://educate.intel.com/en/TheJourneyInside/ExploreTheCurriculum/EC_Microprocessors/
Intel 8085
Intel 8085 CPU Block Diagram

3
 Register group
 Arithmetic and logical section
 Instruction register , decoder and control group
 Address and Address/Data buffers
 Interrupt control group
 Serial I/O group.
Register Group
 It consists of PIPO registers.
 The register contain a set of binary storage cell/filp flop with
reading Writing facilities.
 It is used for temporary storage of instructions and data/address
hence, The number of bits in a register is equal
data/address/instruction size
The architecture of 8085 consists of three types of registers.
1. Temporary registers.
2. General purpose register
3. Special purpose register
Program Counter- Special
purpose register

 This 16-bit register deals with sequencing the


execution of instructions.
 This register is a memory pointer.
 The function of the program counter is to point to the
memory address from which the next byte is to be
fetched.
 When a byte is being fetched, the program counter is
automatically incremented by one to point to the next
memory location
Stack Pointer- Special purpose
register
 Stack Pointer (SP) The stack pointer is also a 16-bit
register, used as a memory pointer.
 It points to a memory location in R/W memory, called
stack.
 The beginning of the stack is defined by loading 16-
bit address in the stack pointer.
8-bit Accumulator-Special
purpose register
 It is an 8-bit general purpose register of 8085 but it has
some special function that’s why is called special purpose
register
 It has to private one of the operand for any ALU operations.
 It has to accumulate the result of ALU operations.
 It also works as a via register for I/O accesses i.e. whenever
a data is read from input devices , it accumulator and similarly
output device gets data from accumulator.
Flag register- Special purpose
register

 The Flag register of 8085 consists of five flag. They are


connected to ALU
 When an operation is performed by ALU the result is transferred
on internal data bus and status of result will be stored in flip flops.
The Flags register
 There is also a flag register whose bits are affected by the arithmetic &
logic operations.
 S-sign flag

 The sign flag is set if bit D7 of the accumulator is set after an


arithmetic or logic operation.
 Z-zero flag

 Set if the result of the ALU operation is 0. Otherwise is reset.


This flag is affected by operations on the accumulator as well
as other registers. (DCR B).
 AC-Auxiliary Carry

 This flag is set when a carry is generated from bit D3 and


passed to D4 . This flag is used only internally for BCD
operations.
 P-Parity flag

 After an ALU operation, if the result has an even # of 1s, the


p-flag is set. Otherwise it is cleared. So, the flag can be used
to indicate even parity.
 CY-carry flag

 This flag is set when a carry is generated from bit D7 after an


unsigned operation.
 OV-Overflow flag

 This flag is set when an overflow occurs after a signed


operation.
Instruction register- Special
purpose register
 This register is not accessible to the user.
 It is not programmable and can not be accessed through any
Instruction
 It is part of the ALU
Address Buffer , Address/Data
Buffer and Increment/Decrement
Address Buffer:
 This is 8-bit unidirectional buffer used for address lines.
 These are used to drive the higher order address bus
Address/Data Buffer:
 This is 8-bit bidirectional buffer used for address and data lines.
 These are used to drive the lower order address and data bus

Increment/Decrement register:
 This is 16 bit register
 It is used to increment or decrement address.
ALU:
 It perform arithmetic and logical operations
 It include accumulator ,temporary register and five flag
registers.
 The ALU is not available to the user.
 Its ward length depends upon the width of an internal data bus
i.e. 8-bit
 The ALU is always controlled by timing and control circuits.
 It accepts operand from accumulator and temporary register.
 It stores results of arithmetic and logic operation in
accumulator.
 It provide status of result to flag register
Timing and Control section
 It is made up of synchronous sequential logic circuit.
 It control all internal and external circuits in the
microprocessor
 It operate with reference to clock signal
 It accept information from instruction decoder and
generate micro steps to perform it.
 The control unit also generates timing signals
essential for microprocessor to operate.
Interrupt section
 It is a mechanism by which an I/O device or an
instruction can suspend the normal execution of the
processor and get itself serviced is called Interrupt.
 This block accepts different interrupt request inputs
such as TRAP, RST 7.5, RST 6.5, RST 5.5 and
INTR
 INTA is an acknowledge pin for mask able and
non- mask able interrupt request.
Serial I/O control group:
 This data transferred on to data bus is parallel data ,
but under certain condition it is advantage to use
serial data transfer.
 8085 implements by SID and SOD signals.
 SID line is used to received the data serially and SOD
line is used to send data serially.
 The data on these line is accepted or transferred under
software control

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