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    Classification of Matter

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    1) Matter can be classified by its composition as either a pure substance or a mixture. 2) Pure substances have a uniform, unchanging composition and include elements and compounds. Elements are made of a single type of atom, while compounds are made of two or more different types of atoms bonded together. 3) Mixtures have variable compositions and include homogeneous mixtures that are uniform throughout and heterogeneous mixtures that are not uniform throughout.

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    Classification of Matter

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    1) Matter can be classified by its composition as either a pure substance or a mixture. 2) Pure substances have a uniform, unchanging composition and include elements and compounds. Elements are made of a single type of atom, while compounds are made of two or more different types of atoms bonded together. 3) Mixtures have variable compositions and include homogeneous mixtures that are uniform throughout and heterogeneous mixtures that are not uniform throughout.

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    1) Matter can be classified by its composition as either a pure substance or a mixture. 2) Pure substances have a uniform, unchanging composition and include elements and compounds. Elements are made of a single type of atom, while compounds are made of two or more different types of atoms bonded together. 3) Mixtures have variable compositions and include homogeneous mixtures that are uniform throughout and heterogeneous mixtures that are not uniform throughout.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    33 views19 pages

    Classification of Matter

    Uploaded by

    Sucidial Wish
    1) Matter can be classified by its composition as either a pure substance or a mixture. 2) Pure substances have a uniform, unchanging composition and include elements and compounds. Elements are made of a single type of atom, while compounds are made of two or more different types of atoms bonded together. 3) Mixtures have variable compositions and include homogeneous mixtures that are uniform throughout and heterogeneous mixtures that are not uniform throughout.

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    of 19

    Classification of Matter

    Classifying Matter by
    Composition
     Another way to classify matter is to
    examine its composition.
     composition includes:
     types of particles
     arrangement of the particles
     attractions and attachments between
    the particles

    2
    MATTER
    yes Can it be physically
    no
    separated?

    MIXTURE PURE SUBSTANCE

    yes Is the composition no yes Can it be chemically no


    uniform? decomposed?

    Homogeneous Heterogeneous
    Mixture Mixture Compound Element
    (solution)

    Colloids Suspensions

    Courtesy Christy Johannesson www.nisd.net/communicationsarts/pages/chem


    Classification of Matter
    by Composition
     Matter whose composition does not change from
    one sample to another is called a pure
    substance.
     made of a single type of atom or molecule
     Because the composition of a pure substance is
    always the same, all samples have the same
    characteristics.
     Matter whose composition may vary from one
    sample to another is called a mixture.
     two or more types of atoms or molecules combined in
    variable proportions
     Because composition varies, different samples have
    different characteristics.
    4
    Classification of Matter
    by Composition

    1) made of one type 1) made of multiple


    of particle types of particles
    2) All samples show 2) Samples may
    the same intensive show different
    properties. intensive
    properties.
    5
    Classification of Pure
    SubstancesElements
     Pure substances that cannot be
    decomposed into simpler substances by
    chemical reactions are called elements.
     decomposed = broken down
     basic building blocks of matter
     composed of single type of atom
    • though those atoms may or may not be combined
    into molecules

    6
    Classification of Pure
    SubstancesCompounds
     Substances that can be decomposed
    are called compounds.
     chemical combinations of elements
     composed of molecules that contain
    two or more different kinds of atoms
     All molecules of a compound are
    identical, so all samples of a
    compound behave the same way.
     Most natural pure substances are
    compounds.
    7
    Pure Substances
     For example…

    Two different compounds,


    each has a definite composition.
    Classification of Pure Substances
    1) made of one 1) made of one
    type of atom type of
    (some molecule, or
    elements array of ions
    found as multi- 2) units contain
    atom two or more
    molecules in different kinds
    nature) of atoms
    2) combine
    together to
    make
    compounds

    9
    Mixtures
     Variable combination of 2 or more pure
    substances.

    Heterogeneous Homogeneous
    Classification of Mixtures
     homogeneous = mixture that has uniform
    composition throughout
     Every piece of a sample has identical characteristics,
    though another sample with the same components may
    have different characteristics.
     atoms or molecules mixed uniformly
     heterogeneous = mixture that does not have
    uniform composition throughout
     contains regions within the sample with different
    characteristics
     atoms or molecules not mixed uniformly
    13
    Classification of Mixtures
    1) made of 1) made of
    multiple multiple
    substances, substances,
    whose but appears
    presence can to be one
    be seen substance
    2) Portions of a 2) All portions of
    sample have an individual
    different sample have
    composition the same
    and composition
    properties. and
    properties.

    14
     Pure Substances and Mixtures
    Which is it?

    Mixture
    Element
    Compound
    Classification of Matter
    hetero-
    uniform no geneous
    properties? mixture

    no solution
    fixed
    composition?

    no element
    chemically
    decomposable?
    yes compound

    http://antoine.frostburg.edu/chem/senese/101/matter/slides/sld003.htm
    Both elements and compounds have a definite makeup and definite properties.

    Elements Compounds Mixtures


    substance
    only one kind with two or
    definite two or more two or more
    of atom; atoms
    makeup more kinds kinds of substances
    are bonded it
    and of atoms and that are
    the element
    properties that are chemically physically
    is diatomic or
    bonded mixed
    polyatomic

    Packard, Jacobs, Marshall, Chemistry Pearson AGS Globe, page (Figure 2.4.1)
    Mixture vs. Compound
    Different Alike Different

    Variable Involve Fixed


    Composition substances Composition

    Topic Topic
    No bonds Contain Bonds
    between Mixture two or more Compound between
    components elements components

    Can be Can be Can ONLY be


    separated by separated separated by
    physical means into chemical means
    elements

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