Project Title:

Distributed and Cloud-based Network

Defense System for NRENs (DCNDS)
Series 1 Workshop
(28-29 November, 2018)

Workshop on Cloud-based Web Security Best

Practices and System Configuration Overview
 Cloud Computing: An Overview

by
Md. Saiful Islam
Institute of Information and Communication Technology
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology
Outline
• Introduction and definition cloud computing
• Characteristics of Cloud Computing
• Service delivery models of cloud computing
• Deployment models of cloud computing
• Cloud Role and Boundaries
• Technologies in Cloud Computing
• Various Challenges in cloud computing
• Key drivers to adopt the cloud
• The Impact of Cloud Computing on Users
Introduction
• Cloud computing developed in 2008 as a new distributed
computing model with the aimed of attaining the computing
as a utility like public user obtain services from traditional
public utility services such as water, electricity, gas and
telephone.

• In 1965 Corbato et al., provide a business model for on

demand transmission of computing resources that is based
on pay-as you-go manner means customers get to choose
whatever resources ( like- platforms, security policies, CPUs,
memory, bandwidth, and hardware load).
Cloud Definition
The NIST defines cloud computing as,
“A model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access
to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g.,
networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can
be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal
management effort or service provider interaction.”
Characteristics of cloud computing
1. On-demand self-service
2. Broad network access
3. Resource pooling
4. Rapid elasticity
5. Measured service
Characteristics of cloud…..
1. On-demand self-service:
• It enables consumers to directly request, manage and access
the services through the web services and management
interfaces without any human interaction.
• Computing resources are instantly available to users as per
their requests.
2. Broad network access:
• The data and services are presented in the cloud must be
accessible through using any standard device like mobile
phones, PC, desktop, laptop
• Cloud-based services can be accessed from any location any
time provided that there is adequate IP networking.
Characteristics of cloud…..
3. Resource pooling:
• The cloud provider provides a large physical or virtual
computing resources that are shared among multiple users.
• These resources are allocated dynamically in a multi-tenant
environment.
4. Rapid elasticity:
• Using this property resources is scaled according to the
consumer requirements. Customers have unlimited resources
that can be purchased as needed in pay-peruse manner.
• Elastically increases service capacity during busy periods,
and reduces capacity during customers’ off-peak periods.
Characteristics of cloud…..
5. Measured service:
• Resources utilization is measured by monitoring storage
usage, CPU hours, bandwidth usage, etc.
• According to the user demand and paying service - the meter
capability of the cloud system automatically control and
scaled the resources
Service models of cloud computing
1. Software as a service (SaaS)
2. Platform as a Service (PaaS):
3. Infrastructure as a service (IaaS)

• Software as a service :
- Provides consumer the capability to use applications running on a
cloud infrastructure mainly on the web browser to access software
that offer as a service over the web.
- The consumers do not have control the underlying framework
including system, servers, network, operating systems, storage.
- Example for SaaS are Dropbox, Google Apps and GoToMeeting etc.
Service model: SaaS
Service model: PaaS
• Provides the capability to deploy development environment
onto the cloud infrastructure.
• Consumer creates/develops applications using set of
programming languages and tools that are supported by the
provider.
• Examples of PaaS are Google App Engine and Microsoft
Azure Phantom
Service model: IaaS
• Provides the consumer with the capability to provision processing,
storage, networks, and other fundamental computing resources and
allow the consumer to deploy and run any software.
• The client has control over operating systems, storage, deployed
applications and perhaps constrained control of select systems
administration parts
• Examples of IaaS include Amazon Web Services (AWS), Cisco Metapod,
Microsoft Azure, Google Compute Engine (GCE),
Service model: at a glance
 Deployment models of cloud computing
• A cloud organization model indicates how resources inside
the cloud and shared.
• Deployment models are: private cloud, public cloud,
community cloud, and hybrid cloud.
• Each model impacts the comparing scalability, reliability,
security, and cost.
Deployment models…….
• Private cloud:
- A cloud that is used exclusively by one organization, company,
or one of its customers.
- Cloud is operated and maintained internally by a single
organization or through a Third Party Auditing .
• Public cloud:
- A public cloud is run and managed by the CSP and the physical
infrastructure may presented at off-site location of the user.
- The cloud resources are shared among the multiple people and
people pay to the cloud provider according to the services they
us
Storage models in the cloud
• The storage model tells about how data is stored in the
cloud and availability of storage space.
• Cloud environment provides 3-types of storage solution.
• Each of the solution has its own benefits and limitations,
based on requirement and available data- consumer
choose an appropriate storage system.

1. Shared file/block storage system

2. Object storage system
3. Database or table storage system
Cloud role and boundaries
The cloud provides different types of predefine role to the
organization and human. These are:
• Cloud provider
• Cloud consumer
• Cloud service owner
• Cloud resource administrator
• Cloud broker
• Cloud carrier
Technologies in Cloud Computing
• Cloud computing isn’t so much a technology as it is the combination of many
preexisting technologies.
• These technologies have matured at different rates and in different contexts, and
were not designed as a coherent whole.
• These technologies have come together to create a technical ecosystem for cloud
computing.

1. Cloud access devices

2. Web technology
3. Broadband network and Internet technology
4. Data centers and server farms
5. Storage devices
6. Virtualization technologies
7. Service technology or API
8. Multi-tenant technology
Cloud Technologies…..
1. Cloud access devices:
- The range of access devices for the cloud has expanded in
recent years like home & enterprise PCs, network computers,
mobile phone devices, and custom static devices are all
online.
2. Web technology:
-Users of multiple device types can now access applications and
information from wherever they can load a browser.
-The two fundamental constituent of the web technology is web
client and web server. Proxies, routers, cache server, and
gateways are known as the secondary components of the web
technology.
Cloud Technologies…..
3. Broadband network and Internet technology:
- A critical component of the cloud is the broadband network, which
offers the means to connect components.
-Broadband access is now widely available, especially in global
metropolitan areas.
-Nearly pervasive wireless access (e.g., WiFi, cellular, emerging
WiMAX) is available.
4. Data centers and server farms:
- Data center technology contains multiple technologies and
components that are typically composed with one another.
- The data center has both physical and virtualized IT resources.
Cloud Technologies…..
5. Storage devices:
-The fixed direct access storage device (DASD) has been replaced with
storage area networks (SANs), which have reduced costs and allowed
a great deal more flexibility in enterprise storage.
-SAN software manages integration of storage devices and can
independently allocate storage space on demand across a number of
devices.
6. Virtualization technologies:
-Virtualization refers to the abstraction of compute resources (CPU,
storage, network, memory, application stack, and database) from
applications and end users consuming the service.
-Virtualization technologies enable multitenancy cloud business
models by providing a scalable, shared resource platform for all
tenants.
Cloud Technologies…..
7. Service technology or API:
- Depending on the type of cloud services delivery model, an API
can manifest in different forms, ranging from simple URL
manipulations to advanced SOA-like programming models.
- APIs help to exploit the full potential of cloud computing and
mask the complexity involved in extending existing IT
management processes of the cloud services.
8. Multi-tenant technology:
- The same application logic is simultaneously accessed by
multiple users using multi-tenant technology.
- The most common features of multi-tenants application is usage
isolation, data recovery, data tier isolation, data security,
application upgrades, system scalability, and metered usage
Key Drivers to Adopting the Cloud
Key Drivers………….
There are a number of compelling reasons to move
operations toward cloud computing.

• Small Initial Investment and Low

Ongoing Costs
• Economies of Scale
• Open Standards
• Sustainability
Key Drivers………….
1. Small Initial Investment and Low Ongoing Costs
- Public cloud computing can avoid capital expenditures because no
hardware, software, or network devices need to be purchased.
- Cloud usage is billed on actual use only, and is therefore treated
more as an expense.

2. Economies of Scale
- Most development projects have a sizing phase during which
attempts to calculate the storage, processing power, and memory
requirements during development, testing, and production.
- With the flexibility that cloud computing solutions offer,
companies can acquire computing and development services as
needed and on demand
Key Drivers………….
3. Open Standards
- Some capabilities in cloud computing are based on open standards
for building a modular architecture that can grow rapidly and can
change when required.
- The flexibility to alter the source code is essential to allow f
or continued growth in the cloud solution.

4. Sustainability
- CSPs have invested considerable expense and thought into creating a
resilient architecture that can provide a highly stable environment
- Cloud computing allows companies to rely on the CSP to have
limited points of failure, better resilience via clustering, and the
ability to invest in state-of-the-art resilience solutions
The Impact of Cloud Computing on Users

The impact of cloud computing on different

types of users:
• Individual consumers
• Individual businesses
• Start-ups
• Small and medium-size businesses
(SMBs)
• Enterprise businesses
The Impact of Cloud…
1. Individual Consumer:
• Many computer-savvy individuals today are already major
users of cloud computing.
• Although PCs have their own storage, they rely on cloud
computing providers for many of their storage and computing
requirements.
2. Individual Businesses
• Inspired by the low entry costs for cloud services, technically
savvy consumers are now using cloud-based tools to develop
their businesses.
• The expectation is that software should be nearly free of charge,
and that users should pay only for additional services or some
extra capacity.
The Impact of Cloud…
3. Start-ups
• When a business owner starts up a new business, he wants to
set up operation in a scalable, flexible fashion.
• Building an IT department is a low priority compared to
marketing the product, investing in research and development,
or securing the next round of funding.

4. Small and Medium-Size Businesses (SMBs)

• One generalization about SMBs is that their IT departments are
smaller, and are therefore less diverse in skills and knowledge,
than those of larger enterprise businesses.
• Significant IT projects can become difficult to justify and
investment in IT can decline, IT infrastructure becomes
outdated, and the IT group can have difficulty responding to
business needs in a timely manner.
The Impact of Cloud…
5. Enterprise Businesses
• Mature enterprise businesses are broadening their use of
cloud-enabled computing.
• At a minimum, this could mean allowing users to access
services beyond the corporate firewall.
• Broader usage of cloud services includes using knowledge
tools to support personal productivity, such as online
research or travel services.
Thank You