Introduction To Geography

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The passage discusses the meaning and purpose of geography, as well as the skills needed for geographical understanding.

The main skills needed for geographical understanding are asking questions, gathering information, organizing information, analyzing information, and answering questions.

The two broad divisions of geography are physical geography and human geography.

What is Geography?

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Geography is …

all around us!


Questions on your mind …
• Are you interested in the world
all around you?

• Do you want to be able to make


informed decisions about where
to work, where to live and where
to go on holiday?

• Are you concerned about the


environment?

• Do you want to develop skills you


will find useful long after you
have left school?
What does Geography mean to you?
• In groups of 5 or 6, brainstorm the
meaning of Geography.

• You can put down anything you think


Geography is about or related to. Take
about 15 mins to brainstorm and put
down the ideas on the paper provided.

• When completed, the class will go for a


“Gallery Walk” around the class to find
out what other groups have
brainstormed.

• Finally, we will all conclude on the


meaning of Geography!
What is Geography?

“Geography” - 2 Greek words


geo (Earth)
graphy (writing/ description)

It is a subject that studies…

• Earth’s surfaces and processes that


shape it

• relationships between humans and


physical environments
Purpose of Geography

is to develop …
• the knowledge and understanding of
where we live, other places, how people
and the places interrelate Earth’s
surfaces and processes that shape it

• the skills needed to carry out


geographical study (eg, enquiry,
mapwork and fieldwork) – 3Ws, 1H

• interest in, and to encourage an


appreciation of the world around us

• develop concern for the world around


us and an ability and willingness to take
positive action both locally and globally
But, knowing one isolated geographical fact does not mean
there is geographical understanding!

For example: Knowing Mt Everest is the highest peak (8850m)


in the world is not understanding geography …unless we
seek to understand

Why it is How its location


the highest influences the
peak? political
security,
downstream
How is it flooding and
created? access to water
of the
surrounding
areas?

Therefore, understanding Mt Everest in terms of the interlinked


physical processes and human activities is then truly
geographical understanding!
Geographical skills
for geographical understanding
1. Ask questions
• “where”, “why”, “what” & “how”
Geographical skills
for geographical understanding
2. Gather information
• Primary information (surveys, fieldwork, fieldtrips)
• Secondary information (variety of sources like
newspapers, reports, photographs, etc.)
• Locate, collect, observe & record information
Geographical skills
for geographical understanding
3. Organise information
• Sorting and presenting the information in the
forms of tables, charts, maps, diagrams or graphs
Geographical skills
for geographical understanding
4. Analyse information
• Find patterns, relationships, connections,
similarities, differences
Geographical skills
for geographical understanding
5. Answer questions
• Reach a conclusion or understanding
Geography is a most unique
subject
WHY?
It encompasses many aspects
of both Arts and Science
disciplines.
Generally, there are 2 broad divisions of
Geography
PHYSICAL HUMAN
GEOGRAPHY GEOGRAPHY
• study of physical • study of human landscape
features of the earth
• describe and explain the nature
• describes distribution &
and patterns of various human
processes leading to their
features and activities
formation of natural features
• examines relationships between
humans and their environment

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