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Research in Education: Regie P. de Jesus, MAN

1. The document discusses different ways of knowing including personal experience, tradition, authority, logic/reasoning, and the scientific method. 2. It contrasts positivism, which views knowledge as gained through observable facts, with constructivism, which sees reality as socially constructed. 3. Different epistemological approaches are more suitable for different disciplines, with the scientific method most applicable to natural sciences and traditions or social constructionism more relevant for social sciences.

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lou iza
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131 views17 pages

Research in Education: Regie P. de Jesus, MAN

1. The document discusses different ways of knowing including personal experience, tradition, authority, logic/reasoning, and the scientific method. 2. It contrasts positivism, which views knowledge as gained through observable facts, with constructivism, which sees reality as socially constructed. 3. Different epistemological approaches are more suitable for different disciplines, with the scientific method most applicable to natural sciences and traditions or social constructionism more relevant for social sciences.

Uploaded by

lou iza
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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RESEARCH IN EDUCATION

Regie P. De Jesus, MAN


•EPISTEMOLOGY – “theory of
knowledge”
•Five ways we can know something
• Personal experience
• Tradition
• Experts and authorities
• Logic / Reasoning
• The scientific method
• Relying on one’s knowledge of prior experiences
• Empiricism is the idea that all knowledge comes from
observation or sensory experience
• Also referred to as Positivism
• John Locke – tabula rasa (blank slate) being filled with
knowledge by experience/observation
• Limitations
• How one is affected by an event depends on who
one is
• One frequently needs to know something that
cannot be learned through experience
POSITIVISM CONSTRUCTIVISM
Definition of Gained through Reality is socially
knowledge observable & constructed
measureable facts
Objectivity and Objective Subjective as individuals
Subjectivity create their perception
Natural & Suitable for natural Suitable for the Social
Social Science sciences Sciences
• Tradition
• Doing things as they have always been done
• Limitations
• Traditions are often based on an idealized past
• Traditions can be distant from current realities and the complexities
associated with them
• Experts or authorities
• Relying on the expertise or authority of others
• Limitations
• Experts can be wrong
• Experts can disagree among themselves, as in a “second opinion”
Reasoning

• Rationalism is the philosophical idea that


reason is the primary source of knowledge
The Scientific Method
• The goal of the scientific method is to explain,
predict, and/or control phenomena

• This involves the acquisition of knowledge and


the development and testing of theory

• The use of the scientific method is more efficient


and reliable than any other source of knowledge
• Recognition and definition of the
problem
• Formulation of hypotheses
• Collection of data
• Analysis of data
• Stating conclusions
Meaning of Inquiry
• Inquiry is a learning process that motivates you to
obtain knowledge or information about people,
things, places, or events.
• Synonymous with investigation
• A problem solving technique, makes you ask
open-ended questions
• E.g. You want to know in which section does your
crush belong
• More complex act of investigation than
inquiry
• Follows a scientific procedure in discovering
truths or meanings about things in this world
(Goodwin,
2014)
•It is a systematic and intensive
process of carrying on a
scientific method of analysis,
carried out for the discovery
and development of an
organized body of knowledge.
Determine whether INQUIRY or RESEARCH is applicable
Inquiry Research
1. A person wants to know the occupant of one condominium
2. A student wants to know the medicinal effects of guava
leaves
3. Professor Digong wants to discover the impact of social
networking on his students'/ learning abilities
4. Aling Mabangis wants to know the reason behind the
decrease of her sales for the day
5. A businessman wants to find out which between these two
marketing strategies: free tasting & attractive packaging, could
increase daily sales
Do the activity below and write your answer in
one whole sheet of yellow paper.

SPECULATIONS: Recall the hottest issue in


town. Prove how inquisitive you are by
RAISING TOP-LEVEL PROBING QUESTIONS
about it.
Accuracy
Objectiveness
Timeliness
Relevance
Clarity
Systematic

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