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    Orthotics

    Uploaded by

    Kanwal Khan
    The document defines orthotics and describes their history, classification, purposes, materials and methods of construction. It states that orthotics are devices used to support, align or improve function of the body. The document outlines the main types of orthotics including those for the trunk, upper limbs and lower limbs. It also discusses common orthotic materials like plastic, metal and leather and fabrication techniques such as thermoplastics and CAD-CAM modeling.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Orthotics

    Uploaded by

    Kanwal Khan
    125 views19 pages
    The document defines orthotics and describes their history, classification, purposes, materials and methods of construction. It states that orthotics are devices used to support, align or improve function of the body. The document outlines the main types of orthotics including those for the trunk, upper limbs and lower limbs. It also discusses common orthotic materials like plastic, metal and leather and fabrication techniques such as thermoplastics and CAD-CAM modeling.

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    Orthotics

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    The document defines orthotics and describes their history, classification, purposes, materials and methods of construction. It states that orthotics are devices used to support, align or improve function of the body. The document outlines the main types of orthotics including those for the trunk, upper limbs and lower limbs. It also discusses common orthotic materials like plastic, metal and leather and fabrication techniques such as thermoplastics and CAD-CAM modeling.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    125 views19 pages

    Orthotics

    Uploaded by

    Kanwal Khan
    The document defines orthotics and describes their history, classification, purposes, materials and methods of construction. It states that orthotics are devices used to support, align or improve function of the body. The document outlines the main types of orthotics including those for the trunk, upper limbs and lower limbs. It also discusses common orthotic materials like plastic, metal and leather and fabrication techniques such as thermoplastics and CAD-CAM modeling.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 19

    By : Hakim Ullah

    BSPT(LNH)
    At the end of the course the student should be
    able to:
     Define Basic Terminology
     Explain Historical Background
     Describe Nomenclature of Orthotics
     Describe Biomechanical Principles
     Define Materials Used in Orthotics Manufacturing
     Discuss Methods of Construction.
     Orthosis are derived from the Greek expression
    “making straight”
     Orthosis is an orthopedic appliance or apparatus to
    support, align, prevent, correct deformities or to
    improve function of movable part of body
     Brace: synonymous with orthosis
    is a device that corrects irregularities.
     Splint: temporary orthosis
     2750 to 2625 BC deficet men wearing orthoses.
    Various braces and splints used for the treatment
    of fracture, dislocation.
     In 1575 Ambrois pare, The father of “ Modern
    surgery” made a steel orthosis for the correction of
    scoliosis and an ankle-foot orthosis for club foot.
     Hieronymus fabricius of hilden: In 1607 described
    orthosis to reduce contracture after burn
     Nicholas andray: 1740 wrote about
    correction and prevention of deformity in
    children, Including trunk orthosis.
     Hugh Owen Thomas: In 1875 design lower
    limbs orthosis for weight bearing.
     Temporarily orthosis: Used for certain time
    after injury or operation.
     Permanent orthosis: Used for ever when
    there is muscle weakness, paralysis or
    deformity cannot be corrected.
    STATIC ORTHOSIS DYNAMIC ORTHOSIS
     Restrict all motion  May allow active joint motion one
    direction. Bt block in another
     Immobilize or support direction
     Help prevent deformity
     Prevent soft-tissue  Assist weak muscle
    contracture  maximize function and strength
     Prevents deformity
     Corrects deformity
     Maintains correction
     Corrects instability
     Relives Pain
     Prevent contracture
     Facilitates ambulation
    Types of orthosis

    Trunk
    Upper limb orthosis Lower limb orthosis
    orthosis
    On The Basis Of
     Name of the person who designed them
     Joint they cover
     The place of origin
     Function they provide
     Condition they treat
     By appearance
     FO = foot orthosis
     AFO = ankle-foot orthosis
     KAFO = knee-ankle-foot orthosis
     HKAFO = hip-knee-ankle-foot orthosis
     THKAFO = trunk-hip-knee-ankle-foot orthosis
     LSO = lumbosacral orthosis
     TLSO = thoracolumbosacral orthosis
     WHO = wrist hand orthosis
     Therapeutic Benefits
    • Resist motion
    • Assist motion
    • Transfer force
    • Protect body parts
     Comfort
    • Maximizing area
    • Snug fit
    • Leverage
    Three Point pressure
    system

     Single pressure applied


    at the area of
    deformities two
    additional counterforce
    act in the opposite
    direction
    An orthosis can be constructed from
     Metal
     Plastic
     Leather
     Steel
     Aluminum
     Wood
     Plastic are light weight, easily shaped, strong,
    easily clean and available in many colors
     Thermosetting materials can be molded into
    permanent shape after heating.
     They do not return to their original consistency even
    after being reheated.
     Thermoplastic materials soften when heated
    and harden when cooled.
     Low-temperature thermoplastics can be
    fabricated easily and rapidly with hot water or
    hot air but they are used mainly in low stress
    activities
     High-temperature (polypropylene)
    thermoplastics require higher temperature
    (150°C) to mold, but they are ideal for high
    stress activities.
     Metals, such as stainless steel and aluminum
    alloys, are adjustable, but they are heavy and
    not cosmetically pleasing.
     Metals can be used for joint components, metal
    uprights, sprints, and bearings.

     Titinium
     Leather
     Rubber
     Wood
     Orthosis are made in various ways
    Many are mass produced
     Custom made orthosis:
     CAD-CAM: newest mode of fabrication
     The body part is exposed to electronic sensor such as a
    laser scanner which create a detail pattern of segment

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