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Chaining

1) In the first example, two lines EF and EG are set out from point E at angles of 50° and 65° from line ED to overcome an obstacle. The lengths of EF and EG are calculated to be 135.345m and 205.9m respectively, with the obstructed distance DF being 103.68m. 2) In the second example, two lines AD and DC are set out at bearings of 48°30' and 288°30' to cross a river. The bearing of the chain line BAC is calculated to be 318°30' and the chainage of point C is 277.08m. 3) In the third example, two lines AC and AD

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Khurram Sheraz
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610 views3 pages

Chaining

1) In the first example, two lines EF and EG are set out from point E at angles of 50° and 65° from line ED to overcome an obstacle. The lengths of EF and EG are calculated to be 135.345m and 205.9m respectively, with the obstructed distance DF being 103.68m. 2) In the second example, two lines AD and DC are set out at bearings of 48°30' and 288°30' to cross a river. The bearing of the chain line BAC is calculated to be 318°30' and the chainage of point C is 277.08m. 3) In the third example, two lines AC and AD

Uploaded by

Khurram Sheraz
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Examples – Obstacles in Chaining

Example 1:
A survey line CD intersects a building. To overcome the obstacle a perpendicular
DE, 87 m long; is set out at D. From E, two lines EF and EG are set out at angles 50o
and 65° respectively with ED. Find the lengths EF and EG such that points F and G
fall on the prolongation of CD. Also find the obstructed distance DF.

Solution:

From Δ DEF,
𝐷𝐸
= 𝑐𝑜𝑠50𝑜
𝐸𝐹
𝐷𝐸 87
𝐸𝐹 = = = 135.345 𝑚
𝑐𝑜𝑠50𝑜 0.6428
𝐷𝐹
= 𝑡𝑎𝑛50𝑜
𝐷𝐸
DF = 𝐷𝐸 × 𝑡𝑎𝑛50𝑜 = 87 × 1.1918 = 103.68 𝑚

From Δ DEG,
𝐷𝐸
= 𝑐𝑜𝑠65𝑜
𝐸𝐺
𝐷𝐸 87
𝐸𝐺 = = = 205.9 𝑚
𝑐𝑜𝑠65𝑜 0.4226
Examples – Obstacles in Chaining
Example 2:
A survey line BAC crosses a river, A and C being on the near and opposite banks
respectively. A perpendicular AD, 40 m long, is set out at A. If the bearings of AD
and DC are 48o30' and 288°30' respectively, draw the sketch and find the bearing of
the chain line BAC and also the chainage of C when that of A is 207.8 m.

Solution:

∠ADC = α = FB of DC – BB of AD
α = 288°30' – (48o30' + 180o0')
α = 60o0'

β = 90o0' - 48o30' = 41o30’


Bearing of the chain line = 360°0' – 41o30' = 318°30'

From Δ ADC,
AC
= tanα
AD
AC = AD × tanα = 40 × tan60o = 69.284 m
Chainage of C = 207.8 + 69.284 = 277.08 m
Examples – Obstacles in Chaining
Example 3:
A chain line PQ intersects a pond. Two points A and B are taken on the chain line on
opposite sides of the pond. A line AC, 250 m long, is set out on the left of AB and
another line AD, 300 m long, is set out on the right of AB. Points C, B and D are in
the same straight line CB and BD are 100 and 150 m long respectively. Calculate the
length of AB.

Solution:

CD = CB + BD = 100 + 150 = 250 m


In Δ ADC, let ∠ADC = α
AC2 = AD2 + DC2 – 2(AD)(DC)cosα
(AD)2 +(DC)2 −(AC)2
cosα =
2(AD)(DC)
(300)2 +(250)2 −(250)2
cosα = = 0.6
2(300)(250)
In Δ ADC, AB2 = AD2 + DB2 – 2(AD)(DB)cosα
AB = 3002 + 1502 − 2(300)(150)(0.6)
AB = 241.87 m

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