8 Z Transforms
8 Z Transforms
n n m 1
1
1 m m a z
a z a z 1
m 0 1a z
1 1
1
, for a z 1
1a z
z-Transform
• Note: The z-transforms of the two
sequences a [n] and a [n 1] are
n n
1
pole
Imaginary Part
0 o zero
-1
-2
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1
Real Part
Inverse Transform by
Partial-Fraction Expansion
• A rational z-transform G(z) with a causal
inverse transform g[n] has an ROC that is
exterior to a circle
• Here it is more convenient to express G(z)
in a partial-fraction expansion form and
then determine g[n] by summing the inverse
transform of the individual simpler terms in
the expansion
Inverse Transform by
Partial-Fraction Expansion
• A rational G(z) can be expressed as
i
G( z ) P( z )
i 0 i
M
p z
D( z ) i
i 0 i
N
d z