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EGYCON Lesson 3 - DC Armature Winding Construction Part 1

This document discusses direct current armature winding construction. It begins by defining various winding terminology like slot pitch, pole pitch, and pole arc. It then describes the two main types of armature windings: lap winding and wave winding. Lap winding is also known as multiple winding, while wave winding is known as series winding. The document provides formulas to calculate quantities like back pitch, front pitch, and commutator pitch for both lap and wave windings. It includes examples of developing lap and wave winding diagrams for simplex configurations.

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1K views15 pages

EGYCON Lesson 3 - DC Armature Winding Construction Part 1

This document discusses direct current armature winding construction. It begins by defining various winding terminology like slot pitch, pole pitch, and pole arc. It then describes the two main types of armature windings: lap winding and wave winding. Lap winding is also known as multiple winding, while wave winding is known as series winding. The document provides formulas to calculate quantities like back pitch, front pitch, and commutator pitch for both lap and wave windings. It includes examples of developing lap and wave winding diagrams for simplex configurations.

Uploaded by

yolop
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ENERGY CONVERSION

(Lecture Course)

Lesson 3: Direct Current Armature Winding Construction


Objectives and Lesson Outline
• Familiarization with armature winding terminologies
• Illustrate 2 types of DC armature winding
• Study examples of armature winding design

Our discussion for this lesson


Armature Types of Lap Winding Wave Winding Lap Winding
Winding Armature Example
Terminologies Windings

Lesson 3: Direct Current Armature Winding Construction


Armature Winding Terminologies
Slot Pitch or Slot Span (Sp)

This is the distance from the center of one slot to the


center of an adjacent slot measured on the surface of
the armature

Pole Pitch or Pole Span (Ps)

This is the distance between the center lines of adjacent


poles of a dynamo measured on the surface of the
armature

Note: Expressed in inches, cm., no. of slots, no. of


conductors or mechanical degrees.

360 mechanical degrees


Pole Span 
number of poles

Pole Arc

This is the radial length of the pole face measured in inches,


cm, no. of slots, no. of conductors, or mechanical
degrees

Lesson 3: Direct Current Armature Winding Construction


Armature Winding Terminologies

Inductors or Active Conductors

The conductors that constitute that part of the


total winding which lies within the armature
core and are primarily active in generating
emfs and developing power.

Coil Leads or Front End Connection

The ends of leads that connect to the commutator


bars.

Back End Connection or Back End Turn

The connection which joins the inductors at the end


opposite side of the commutator

Front End Turn

The turn at the commutator end

Lesson 3: Direct Current Armature Winding Construction


Armature Winding Terminologies

Coil Edge or Coil Side

All of the inductors of a coil which lie in a slot taken as


a group.

Winding Element or Coil

A complete coil which may consists of more than one


coil

Back Pitch (Yb)

The number of armature slot spans enclosed by a back


end connection

Front Pitch (Yf)

The number of slot span included between the coil


leads which connects to the same commutator bar.

Commutator Pitch (Yc)

The number of bars advanced from one end of a coil to


the other

Lesson 3: Direct Current Armature Winding Construction


Types of Armature Windings
Lap Winding

• Simplex Progressive
• Duplex Retrogressive
• Triplex

Wave Winding

• Simplex Progressive
• Duplex Retrogressive
• Triplex

Random Wound – for small machines

Lap and Wave Windings

These are the type of windings employed for


drum type armature. The difference between
the two is merely due to the arrangement of
the end connections at the front or
commutator end of the armature. The lap
winding is also known as multiple winding
while for wave winding is also known as the
series winding.

Lesson 3: Direct Current Armature Winding Construction


Types of Armature Windings

Single-Layer Winding

It is the winding in which one conductor is placed


in each armature slot.

Two-Layer Winding

In this type of winding, there are two conductors


or coil sides per slot arranged in two layers.
Usually, one side of every coil lies in the
upper half of one slot and the other side lies
in the lower half of some other slot at a
distance of approximately one pitch away

Lesson 3: Direct Current Armature Winding Construction


Lap Winding
Back Pitch (Yb) Number of Parallel Paths (a)

S where: a = mP = P if simplex
Yb  K a = mP = 2P if duplex
P
a = mP = 3P if triplex
where: S = number of slots
P = number of poles
K = fractional part of S/P Number of Commutator Bars (B)

where: B = S if 1 coil per slot


Commutator Pitch (Yc) B = 2S if 2 coils per slot
B = 3S if 3 coils per slot
Y  m
C

where: m = multiplicity of the winding


m = 1 if simplex
m = 2 if duplex
m = 3 if triplex
+ when progressive
- when retrogressive

Front Pitch (YF)

Y  Y Y
F B C

Lesson 3: Direct Current Armature Winding Construction


Wave Winding Front Pitch (YF)
YF  YC  Yb
Back Pitch (Yb)
S
Yb   K Number of Parallel Paths (a)
P where: a = 2m = 2 if simplex
a = 2m = 4 if duplex
where: S = number of slots
a = 2m = 6 if triplex
P = number of poles
K = fractional part of S/P
Number of Commutator Bars (B)
Commutator Pitch (Yc) where: B = S if 1 coil per slot
Bm B = 2S if 2 coils per slot
YC  B = 3S if 3 coils per slot
P
2
where: B = number of commutator bars
m = multiplicity of the winding
m = 1 if simplex
m = 2 if duplex
m = 3 if triplex
+ when progressive
- when retrogressive

Lesson 3: Direct Current Armature Winding Construction


Lap Winding Example

Draw a developed diagram for a 4-pole DC generator with 16 slots and with 1 coil per slot. Use a simplex lap
configuration.

Lesson 3: Direct Current Armature Winding Construction


Lap Winding Example

Lesson 3: Direct Current Armature Winding Construction


Lap Winding Example (Continued)

Lesson 3: Direct Current Armature Winding Construction


Wave Winding Example
Draw a clock or radial diagram for a 4-pole DC generator with 21 slots and with 1 coil per slot. Use a simplex
retrogressive wave configuration.

Lesson 3: Direct Current Armature Winding Construction


Wave Winding Example

Lesson 3: Direct Current Armature Winding Construction


THANK YOU

We are now open for discussion.

One of the cleanest way to convert mechanical energy into electric energy

Lesson 3: Direct Current Armature Winding Construction

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