JDBC

Session - 2

SEED Infotech Pvt. Ltd.

Objectives of this Session

• Transactions & related methods in Connection

interface.
• Calling stored procedure from Java Application.
• Understanding different types of ResultSet.
• Interfaces :
 ResultSetMetaData
 DatabaseMetaData
• Batch execution.
• Blob & Clob.
• RowSet & its types.
JDBC Transactions

• What is database Transaction?

 Local Transactions.
 Distributed Transactions.

• What do we mean by Commit?

• What do we mean by Rollback?

• Can I handle Transactions through JDBC API?

Methods of Connection Interface

• public void setAutoCommit(boolean autoCommit)

throws SQLException

• public void commit() throws SQLException

• public void rollback() throws SQLException

• public Statement createStatement(int type, int

concurrency) throws SQLException
Problem Statement

• Write the Java application to call the stored

procedure written in Oracle.

Prerequisite:
Write a stored procedure in Oracle which takes
employee id as the input parameter and returns
the salary of that Employee.
Step 1 – Write Stored procedure

create or replace procedure emp_proc (v_empId

number,v_empSal out number)
as
begin
select empSal into v_empSal
from employee
where empId=v_empId;
end;
Step 2 -Get CallableStatement Object

try{
// Load Driver for Oracle.
//Get Connection
String query="{ call emp_proc (?,?) }";
CallableStatement cst=con.prepareCall(query);
}
catch(ClassNotFoundException cnfe){………}
catch(SQLException sqle){………………}
Connection Interface Revisited

• public CallableStatement prepareCall (String sql)

throws SQLException

-Creates a CallableStatement object for calling

database stored procedures.
 Step 3 – Set parameter values

try
{
// Get Connection --- Refer previous code snippet.
cst.setInt(1,100);
cst.registerOutParameter(2,Types.DOUBLE);
cst.execute();
System.out.println(cst.getDouble(2));

}
catch(ClassNotFoundException cnfe){…….}
catch(SQLException sqle){…………..}
CallableStatement Interface

• public void registerOutParameter

(int parameterIndex, int sqlType) throws
SQLException

-Registers the OUT parameter in position

parameterIndex to the JDBC type sqlType.

Note: All OUT parameters must be registered

before a stored procedure is executed.
CallableStatement Interface

• public double getDouble(int parameterIndex)

throws SQLException
-Gets the value of a JDBC DOUBLE parameter
as a double in the Java programming language.

• public boolean execute() throws SQLException.

-Executes any kind of SQL statement.
Step 4 – Close the connection

try{
//Code as in previous slide
}
catch(ClassNotFoundException cnfe){…}
catch(SQLException sqle){…}
finally{
try
con.close();
}
catch(SQLException sqle){…}
}
The JDBC 2.0 API

• Two packages
 java.sql package--the JDBC 2.0 core API

 javax.sql package--the JDBC 2.0 Optional

Package API

 extends the functionality of the JDBC API from a

client-side API to a server-side API,

 it is an essential part of Java2, Enterprise

Edition technology(J2EE).
Types of ResultSet

• ‘int’ fields that are defined in ResultSet interface

to control type and concurrency of ResultSet.

• Type
 TYPE_FORWARD_ONLY
 TYPE_SCROLL_INSENSITIVE
 TYPE_SCROLL_SENSITIVE

• Concurrency
 CONCUR_READ_ONLY
 CONCUR_UPDATEABLE
Methods of ResultSet Interface

• public void first() throws SQLException

• public void last() throws SQLException

• public void previous() throws SQLException

• public void beforeFirst() throws SQLException

• Public void afterLast() throws SQLException

Methods of ResultSet Interface

• public boolean absolute () throws SQLException

• public boolean relative() throws SQLException

• public void insertRow() throws SQLException

• public void updateRow() throws SQLException

• Public void deleteRow() throws SQLException

ResultSetMetaData Interface

• Object that can be used to find out about the

types and properties of the columns in a ResultSet

• public int getColumnCount() throws

SQLException

• public String getColumnName(int column)

throws SQLException

• public int getColumnType(int column) throws

SQLException
DatabaseMetaData Interface

• Comprehensive information about the database as

a whole.
• Methods:
 public String getURL() throws SQLException

 public String getDriverName()throws SQLException

 public boolean supportsResultSetConcurrency

(int type, int concurrency) throws SQLException

 public boolean supportsResultSetType(int type)

throws SQLException
Code to update a ResultSet

try{ // -----code to get Connection Object-----

Statement stmt=con.createStatement (
ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_INSENSITIVE,
ResultSet.CONCUR_UPDATABLE);

String query=“SELECT * FROM EMP”;

ResultSet rs=stmt.executeQuery(query);
rs.first();
rs.updateFloat(4,10000.00);
rs.updateRow();
}
catch(SQLException sqle){……….}
Code to insert a row in a ResultSet

try{ // -----code to get Statement Object-----

ResultSet rs=stmt.executeQuery(“select…”);
rs.moveToInsertRow();
rs.updateInt(1,102);
rs.updateString(2,”Joe”);
rs.updateInt(3,40);
rs.updateDouble(4,20000.00);
rs.insertRow();//inserts a row in database.
}
catch(SQLException sqle){………}
Delete Record from ResultSet & DB

try{ // -----code to get Connection Object-----

Statement stmt=con.createStatement(
ResulSet.TYPE_SCROLL_SENSITIVE,
ResulSet.CONCUR_UPDATABLE);
ResultSet rs=stmt.executeQuery(“select …..”);

//delete record from ResultSet as well as DB

rs.last();
rs.deleteRow();
}
catch(SQLException sqle)
Batch Updates

• One of the new feature provided with the

JDBC 2.0 core API.

• Set of multiple update statements that is

submitted to the database for processing as a
batch.

• Efficient than sending update statements

separately.
Batch Updates

• The Batch can contain statements for

 updating,
 inserting,
 deleting a row.
 Or DDL (create or replace)

• It can’t, however, contain a statement that

would produce a ResultSet object, such as a
SELECT statement.
Code Snippet for Batch Updates

try{
con.setAutoCommit(false);
Statement stmt = con.createStatement();

//Add queries to batch

stmt.addBatch(sql1);
stmt.addBatch(sql2);
stmt.addBatch(sql3);

//Execute Batch
int [] updateCounts = stmt.executeBatch();
//remaining code continues….
Code Snippet for Batch Updates

con.commit();
con.setAutoCommit(true);
} //end of try block

catch(BatchUpdateException buex) {
int [] updateCounts = buex.getUpdateCounts();
for (int i = 0; i < updateCounts.length; i++) {
System.out.print(updateCounts[i] +”\n”);
}
}
DataSource

• DataSource is a preferred means of getting a

connection to a database.

• Provide connection pooling and distributed

transactions functionality.

• DataSource is a part of the JDBC 2.0 Standard

Extension API, is essential for enterprise
database computing.
Deploying a DataSource

• Deploying a DataSource object consists of three

tasks:
 Creating an instance of the DataSource class.

 Setting its properties.

 Registering it with a naming service that uses

the Java Naming and Directory Interface
(JNDI) API.
 Code Snippet for DataSource

com.dbaccess.BasicDataSource ds =null;
//Create DataSource class instance
ds=new com.dbaccess.BasicDataSource();
//set properties of datasource.
ds.setServerName("gurukul");
ds.setDatabaseName("CUSTOMER_ACCOUNTS");
ds.setDescription( "Customer accounts database for
billing”);
"The variable ‘ds’ now represents the database
CUSTOMER_ACCOUNTS installed on the server
gurukul. Any connection produced by ‘ds’ will be with
CUSTOMER_ACCOUNTS. "
Register DataSource with JNDI

• With the properties set, the system

administrator can register the BasicDataSource
object with a JNDI naming service.

//Obtain JNDI context

Context jndiCtx = new InitialContext();

//Bind the Datasource with JNDI

ctx.bind("jdbc/billingDB", ds);
DataSource

Context ctx = new InitialContext();

DataSource ds=null;
//Lookup for Database JNDI Name
ds=(DataSource) ctx.lookup("jdbc/billingDB");

//Get Connection to CUSTOMER_ACCOUNTS Table

//through datasource
Connection con = null;
con=ds.getConnection(“scott", “tiger");
Configure JDBC Connection Pool
Configure JDBC DataSource
Interface Blob and Clob

• Blob and Clob interfaces are the

representation in Java for an SQL BLOB value
and SQL CLOB value respectively.

• An SQL BLOB is a built-in database datatype

that stores a Binary Large Object as a
column value in a row of a database table.

• An SQL CLOB is a built-in database datatype

that stores a Character Large Object as a
column value in a row of a database table.
 Snippet for Insertion of Image File
try
{
FileInputStream fin= null;
PreparedStatement pstat= null;

fin=new FileInputStream(“Duke.jpg”);
con.prepareStatement("INSERT into B_Tab values(?,?)");
pstat.setInt(2,id);
pstat.setBinaryStream(4,fin,(int)length);
pstat.executeUpdate();
}
catch(Exception ex){….}
RowSet

• All RowSet objects are derived from the

ResultSet interface.
• All RowSet objects are JavaBean components.
This means that they have the following:
 Properties
 The JavaBeans notification mechanism

• A RowSet object is scrollable and updatable

by default.
• All RowSet objects except JdbcRowSet are
Serializable.
Rowset Objects

• Connected RowSet Objects

 JdbcRowSet

• Disconnected RowSet Objects

 CachedRowSet

 WebRowSet
 JoinRowSet
 FilteredRowSet
JDBCRowSet

• Enhanced ResultSet object.

• The big difference is that it has a set of

properties and a listener notification
mechanism that make it a Java Bean
component.

• One of the main uses of a JdbcRowSet object is

to make a ResultSet object scrollable and
updatable when it does not otherwise have
those capabilities.
CachedRowSet

• CachedRowSet object has all the capabilities of

a JdbcRowSet object plus it can also do the
following:
 Obtain a connection to a data source and
execute a query.
 Read the data from the resulting ResultSet object
and populate itself with that data.
 Manipulate data and make changes to data
while it is disconnected.
 Reconnect to the data source to write changes
back to it.
 Check for conflicts with the data source and
resolve those conflicts.
WebRowSet

• A WebRowSet object is an extension of

CachedRowSet object plus it can also do the
following:

 Write itself as an XML document.

 Read an XML document that describes a
WebRowSet object
JoinRowSet

• A JoinRowSet object has all the capabilities of a

WebRowSet object (and therefore also a
CachedRowSet object) plus it can also do the
following:

 Form the equivalent of an SQL JOIN without

having to connect to a data source
FilteredRowSet

• A FilteredRowSet object likewise has all the

capabilities of a WebRowSet object (and
therefore also a CachedRowSet object) plus it
can also do the following:

 Apply filtering criteria so that only selected data

is visible. This is equivalent to executing a query
on a RowSet object without having to use a query
language or connect to a data source.
Summary

• Connection interface provides methods related

to Transaction Management.
• CallableStatement interface is used for calling
a Stored Procedure from JDBC Application.
• Different types of ResultSet.
• ResultSetMetaData & DatabaseMetaData
interface.
• Batch Update Feature
• Blob & Clob implementation
• RowSet & its various types