SOFT SWITCH

New Era of Switch

Convergences
Business, network and platform

Business
Dynamic Market, Technology platform and regulation
Accelerating revenue resources
expand market
reduce churn
improve margin
strategic alliance
Network
Private & public network convergence
Priv
Wireless & Wireline network convergence a te ket
Pac
Platform
Convergence
Packet Switch and Circuit Convergence Public Network
Circ
uit

Wire
ss
le
i re

Line
W
Softswitch Replaces PSTN Timeline

C Legacy Network Converging Network Converged Network

o Most telephony is TDM Telephony is mixed TDM/VoIP All telephony is VOIP
m Residential broadband ubiquitous
p Explosion of softswitch features and feature providers
o Cell phones replaced by Wireless VOIP handsets
n IP phones introduced IP phones sink in price; mass adoption IP phones ubiquitous
e
WiFi introduced Wireless replaces copper wires as primary means of access
n
t IP PBX introduced TDM PBX obsolete, replaced by SIP IP PBX or PC applications

s
Class 4 replacement softswitches take hold Class 4 obsolete

First Class 5 replacement softswitch Majority of voice traffic moves off Class 5 onto softswitch

2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Time
TEKNOLOGI SOFTSWITCH

SPECIFICATION
 Jaringan berbasis softswitch

Definisi
Jaringan berbasis softswitch adalah suatu sistem yang mencakup
hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan sistem komunikasi masa depan (Next
Generation Network - NGN) dengan mengembangkan standar yang
terbuka untuk menciptakan suatu jaringan yang terintegrasi dengan
kemampuan memadukan berbagai kemampuan layanan suara, data
dan multimedia secara lebih efisien.
BENEFIT OF SOFTSWITCH SYSTEM

Enables and accelerates the creation of new “converged”

services
Increases network flexibility and provides support for multiple
applications from a single platform
Simplifies infrastructure upgrades by unbundling and
centralizing service features
Provides carriers with choice, allowing them to build “best of
breed” networks with multiple vendors’ products
 SOFTSWITCH

A Softswitch is a software-based entity that provides call

control functionality.
Keeps call state
Provides services that change the call state
Communicates with peer Call Control functions for the establishment
and release of calls.
Requests services from functions in the Service Control functional layer.
Requests determination of, allocation of, and release of, resources from
Bearer Control functions.
Applies a set of policies and mechanisms to a set of (IP) transport
resources to ensure that those resources are allocated sufficiently to
enable QoS guarantees across its domain of control
SOFTSWITCH

Definisi
Softswitch, atau call agent (CA), atau Media Gateway Controller
(MGC), adalah elemen utama jaringan NGN yang berfungsi untuk
mengontrol semua sesi layanan dan komunikasi, dan mengatur
interaksi elemen-elemen jaringan lain seperti:
 Media gateway
 Signaling gateway
 Operation Support System (OSS)
 Application/Feature servers
 SOFTSWITCH ARCHITECTURE

Application OSS Softswitch

Server &
Feature
Server

Signaling Gateway
Signaling
Network Packet Backbone
MPLS

Trunk Gateway
PSTN
Network

Access Access Access Access Access Gateway

Gateway Gateway Gateway Gateway
SOFTSWITCH ARCHITECTURE

Application Server adalah elemen jaringan yang menyediakan aplikasi

tambahan di luar fitur teleponi yang membutuhkan server tersendiri,
misalnya voice mail, prepaid call, fixed-SMS, dll.
Feature Server adalah elemen jaringan yang berfungsi sebagai penyedia
aplikasi fitur teleponi.
Media Gateway adalah elemen jaringan yang berfungsi sebagai elemen
transport untuk merutekan trafik dalam jaringan softswitch dan juga
mengirim atau menerima trafik dari jaringan lain yang berbeda, seperti
PSTN, PLMN dan jaringan akses pelanggan.
SOFTSWITCH ARCHITECTURE

Signaling Gateway adalah elemen jaringan yang berfungsi sebagai

interface pensinyalan dari jaringan sofswitch ke SS7 PSTN atau PLMN.
Media Server adalah elemen jaringan berfungsi membantu Softswitch
untuk melakukan pemprosesan panggilan yang terjadi pada media stream,
seperti penyediaan dial-tone, sarana conference, announcement, dll.
Operating Support System (OSS) adalah elemen jaringan yang
berfungsi untuk mendukung operasi dan pemeliharaan jaringan, seperti
manajemen jaringan, provisioning, billing, monitoring, statistik, dll.
SOFTSWITCH ARCHITECTURE

Media akses adalah media yang digunakan oleh jaringan softswitch untuk
menjangkau pelanggan. Media akses dapat menggunakan cable modem,
leased circuit, V5.2, DSL, HFC, FTTH/FTTC dan radio access.
Perangkat akses adalah perangkat yang digunakan di sisi pelanggan
(CPE) untuk melakukan akses ke jaringan softswitch. Perangkat akses
dapat berupa node berbasis paket IP, terminal analog, dan perangkat
terpadu yang memiliki port analog dan data paket (IAD, MTA, dll).
Arsitektur Fungsi Softswitch

Service & Application Plane

Management Application/Feature Server
Plane Application Signaling (SIP) (SCP, Service Logic, LDAPServer) IN/AIN

Open APIs & Protocols (JAIN, Parlay, XML, SIP)

Call Control & Signaling Plane

SIP-T; H.323
Call Agent, MGC, Softswitch, GK Inter-Network
Switch
Subscriber & ng P)
Service nal i , S I
g 8
Provisioning, r Si .24
e H
Network ar P, Signaling (MGCP, H.248, SIP)
Management, Be GC
Operation (M
Transport Plane
Support, Billing
Support
IPTransport Domain: Interworking TDM PSTN/SS7/ATM
Media Domain: SS7; Networks
Server IP Backbone, Routers, Switches, BGs
QoS Mechanism (RSVP, Diffserve, TG (MG), SG,
MPLS...), MS (Bearer Portion) Interworking
Gateway IP
other VoIP
Networks
Non-IPAccess Domain:
Wireline Access (AG, Access Proxies)
Mobile Access (RAN AG)
Broadband Access (IADs, MTAs)

IPPhones (H.323, SIP,

MGCP, ...), Non-IPTerminals/
IPTerminals, Mobile Networks
IPPBX
SOFTSWITCH

Softswitch Architecture

The architectural definition of the planes allows for certain

functions to be separated into a distributed physical architecture
consisting of four layers:
• Call Control & Signaling Plane
• Services and Applications Plane,
• Transport Plane
• Management Plane.
Softswitch Architecture

Call Control & Signaling Plane merupakan bagian jaringan

yang berfungsi sebagai pengendali proses pembangunan dan
pemutusan hubungan yang melibatkan elemen-elemen
jaringan pada layer yang lain berdasarkan signaling message
yang diterima dari Transport Plane. Elemen utama bidang ini
adalah Softswitch (call agent atau Media Gateway Controler).
Softswitch Architecture

Service/Application Plane merupakan bagian jaringan yang

menyediakan dan mengeksekusi satu atau beberapa aplikasi
layanan di dalam jaringan softswitch. Di dalam layer ini
termasuk juga Application server dan Feature server.
Service/Application Plane juga mengontrol Media Server yang
memberikan fungsi seperti conference, IVR, tone processing,
dll.
Softswitch Architecture

Transport Plane merupakan bagian jaringan yang berfungsi sebagai

media transport bagi semua message di jaringan, seperti: call signaling,
call & media setup atau informasi voice atau datanya sendiri. Transport
Plane dibagi dalam tiga domain, yaitu;
• IP Transport Domain, yaitu fungsi transport pada layer IP. Domain
ini merupakan backbone IP yang dilengkapi dengan border
gateway, mekanisme ruting dan QoS (Router, switches, dll),
• Interworking Domain (Trunk Gateway, Signaling Gateway),
• Non-IP Access Domain (Access Gateway (wireline, mobile),
Integrated Access Device, Cable modem/MM Terminal Adaptor-
MTA, dll).
Softswitch Architecture

Manajemen Plane merupakan bagian jaringan yang

berfungsi untuk memberikan fungsi-fungsi dari Operation
System Support (OSS) yaitu; fungsi sistem operasi dan
pemeliharaan jaringan, provisioning layanan dan
pelanggan, network management serta sistem billing.
 Konfigurasi Jaringan

Operation Feature Application

Support Server Server
System (OSS)

Signaling
Gateway STP
Provider's Softswitch
Packet Network
PSTN

Access Media Server Media PLMN

Gateway Gateway

IAD/
MTA
RAN

Access Node/Network Other Network

Konfigurasi Jaringan

Jaringan softswitch dapat terbentuk dari elemen-elemen fungsi

jaringan sebagai berikut:
• Softswitch (disebut juga dengan Call Agent (CA), Media
Gateway Controller (MGC)),
• Feature Server,
• Application Server (AS),
• Media Gateway (MG),
• Signaling Gateway (SG),
• Media Server (MS), dan
• Operation Support System (OSS)
Elemen-elemen di atas saling berinteraksi membentuk fungsi
sistem jaringan softswitch dalam menyediakan layanan kepada
pelanggan.
Konfigurasi Jaringan

Feature Server adalah elemen jaringan yang berfungsi

sebagai penyedia aplikasi fitur teleponi.

Application Server adalah elemen jaringan yang

menyediakan aplikasi tambahan di luar fitur teleponi yang
membutuhkan server tersendiri, misalnya voice mail,
prepaid call, fixed-SMS, voice VPN, dll.

Media Gateway adalah elemen jaringan yang berfungsi

sebagai elemen transport untuk merutekan trafik dalam
jaringan softswitch dan juga mengirim atau menerima trafik
dari jaringan lain yang berbeda, seperti PSTN, PLMN, dan
jaringan akses pelanggan.
Konfigurasi Jaringan

Signaling Gateway adalah elemen jaringan yang berfungsi

sebagai interface pensinyalan dari jaringan sofswitch ke SS7
PSTN atau PLMN.

Media Server adalah elemen jaringan berfungsi membantu

Softswitch untuk mendukung layanan/aplikasi seperti
messaging, audio dan video conferencing, music on hold,
announcement, dll.

Operating Support System (OSS) adalah elemen jaringan

yang berfungsi untuk mendukung operasi dan pemeliharaan
jaringan, seperti manajemen jaringan, provisioning, billing,
monitoring, statistik, dll.
Fungsi2 dari masing2 komponen Sistem Softswitch

Media Gateway Controller Function (MGC)

The function of a Media Gateway Controller (MGC) is to control

Media Gateways and the Signaling Gateways.

The MGC handles call setup and teardown, detection and

processing of events, and gateway startup/shutdown by using
configuration databases that track trunk groups and circuits within
the trunk.

It is known by different names, including Softswitch, Call Agent, or

Call Controller. It is the responsibility of the Media Gateway
Controller to maintain state of a call connection.
Fungsi2 dari masing2 komponen Sistem Softswitch

Media Gateway Controller Function (MGC)

MGC Characteristics:
• Maintains call state for every call on a media gateway
• Maintains transport states for transport interfaces on the MG

Many MGC implementations have small SCs built-in. The common

SC functionalities found in a MGC include:
• Communicating transport messages between two MGs, as
well as with MGCP IP or H.248 phones or terminals
• Originating or terminating signaling messages from other
MGCs and external networks
Fungsi2 dari masing2 komponen Sistem Softswitch

Signaling Conversion Function (SC)

The Signaling Conversion Function (SC) routes and manipulates

signaling. The manipulation may be as simple as rewriting a
destination Request-URI, as in a SIP Proxy. Conversely, the
manipulation may be as complex as adapting a signaling message
from one transport medium and message format to another, as in
an SS7 Signaling Gateway. Note that the SS7 Signaling Gateway,
after adapting the message, routes the message to the
appropriate destination, whether it be a MGC, AS, or other device.
Fungsi2 dari masing2 komponen Sistem Softswitch

Signaling Conversion Function (SC)

SC Characteristics:
• Encapsulates and transports PSTN signaling protocols
(e.g. SS7) using SIGTRAN to the MGC or another SC
• For mobile networks, encapsulates and transports
PSTN/PLMN signaling protocols (e.g. ANSI-41 or GSM-
MSP) using SIGTRAN to the MGC or another SC
• One SC can serve multiple clients (MGC, SC, or AS)
• In VoP networks, SIP Proxies provide routing translations
of SIP messages by manipulating the destination
addresses of a SIP message
Fungsi2 dari masing2 komponen Sistem Softswitch

Media Gateway Function (MG)

The MG interfaces the packet network with an access endpoint, network trunk,
or a collection of endpoints or trunks. The MG transforms media from one
transmission format to another, most often between circuit networks (PSTN)
and packet networks (VoP) or between dissimilar packet networks (ATM and
IP).

MG Characteristics:
• Maintains a master/slave relationship with the MGC using device
control protocols such as MGCP or H.248
• Performs media processing functions such as media transcoding, echo
cancellation, media packetization, jitter buffer management, packet loss
compensation, etc.
• Performs media insertion functions such as call progress tone
generation, DTMF generation, comfort noise generation, etc.
• Perform signaling and media event detection such as DTMF detection,
on/offhook detection, voice activity detection, etc.
 Fungsi2 dari masing2 komponen Sistem Softswitch

Application Server Function (AS)

The Application Server Function (AS) is the application execution entity. Its
primary role is to provide the service logic and execution for one or more
applications and/or services.

AS Characteristics:
• Be the termination point for signaling for applications (e.g. voice mail or
conference bridge)
• Performs logic for call features (e.g. find me/follow me or pre-paid
calling card)
• Provide Web interfaces to offer converged real-time multimedia and
Web applications
• Have an API for service creation (e.g., SIP Servlets, Parlay, JAIN)
• May have policy, billing and session log back-end interfaces
• May invoke another AS for additional services or to build complex,
component-oriented applications
• Request services of an MGC to control external resources
• Request services of a MS to perform media manipulation
• Applicable protocols include SIP, LDAP, HTTP, CPL and XML
Fungsi2 dari masing2 komponen Sistem Softswitch

Application Server Function (AS)

Often the combination of the AS and the MGC provides

enhanced call control services, such as network
announcements, 3-way calling, call waiting and so on. Rather
than connecting the AS and MGC with a protocol, vendors
often use an API between the AS and MGC. When they are
implemented in a single system, the AS is known as a
“Feature Server.”
Fungsi2 dari masing2 komponen Sistem Softswitch

Media Server Function (MS)

The purpose of a Media Server is to provide the media processing in
support of applications such as messaging, audio and video
conferencing, branding of services, music-on-hold, etc.

MS Characteristics:
• Supports multiple codecs and transcoding
• Supports control by multiple ASs or MGCs
• Supports multiple concurrent capabilities: digit detection,
streaming of tones and announcements (any multimedia file),
algorithmic tone generation, recording of multimedia streams,
speech recognition, text-to-speech, media mixing
• Supports standard scripting languages such as VoiceXML or
MSCML
• Performs under the control of an AS or MGC through a control
protocol, with either tight coupling (resource control, e.g.
MGCP) or loose coupling (server requests, e.g. SIP)
Fungsi2 dari masing2 komponen Sistem Softswitch

Accounting Function (AF)

The AFcollects call accounting information for billing purposes.

AF characteristics:
• Produces details of each session for billing and planning
purposes
• Provides session management and mobility management
• The AF is often combined with the SC for call authentication,
authorization and accounting (AAA) purposes
INTERFACE DAN PROTOCOL
Call Agent / MGC / Softswitch

Protocol
Interface : Ethernet/Fast Eth

AS

SIP

SNMP SIP-T
OSS
SS SS
FTP/TFTP

Billing SIGTRAN Megaco,

MGCP H.323
GK

SG MG
Call Agent / MGC / Softswitch

Kapasitas
Softswitch harus mampu memenuhi kebutuhan kapasitas dalam
suatu rentang kapasitas jaringan publik dan secara fleksibel
dapat ditambah kapasitasnya sesuai kebutuhan. Kapasitas
Softswitch dinyatakan di dalam BHCA.
MEDIA GATEWAY

Dalam implementasinya Media Gateway dapat diwujudkan dalam

2 jenis perangkat, yaitu
1. Trunk Gateway (TGW) dan
2. Access Gateway (AGW).

Kedua jenis perangkat tersebut dilengkapi dengan beberapa

interface transmisi sesuai kebutuhan jaringan.
MEDIA GATEWAY

1. Trunk Gateway (TGW)

Inteface

Circuit E1, STM-n 10/100 Base-T IP

Netw ork Gigabit Eth Netw ork
TG
MEDIA GATEWAY

1. Trunk Gateway (TGW)

Protocol

SS

Megaco/
MGCP

SNMP
OSS TG

Circuit
Netw ork
MEDIA GATEWAY

1. Trunk Gateway (TGW)

CODEC

Trunk Gateway mendukung jenis CODEC antara lain :

• G.711
• G. 729
• G. 723
MEDIA GATEWAY

2. Access Gateway (AGW)

Interface

10/100 Base-T, E1 IP
Network
AG
MEDIA GATEWAY

2. Access Gateway (AGW)

Access Gateway harus mendukung interface kepada End User:

• Analog Telephony
• V. 5.2
• IP Phone (H.323 Phone, SIP Phone)
• XDSL (IP Based)
• Ethernet/Fast Ethernet
• MTA (DOCSIS)
dimana pemenuhannya tergantung dari kebutuhan implementasi
SIGNALING GATEWAY

Interface dan Protocol

SS7 E1 10/100 Base-T IP

Network SG Network

Protocol : Sigtran
OSS

OSS harus mendukung perbaikan kualitas layanan dan mempertinggi

efisiensi operasi dengan memberikan fungsi-fungsi manajemen
jaringan berikut;

• Fault management
• Configuration management
• Accounting management
• Performance management
• Security management.
Protocol
Protocol

H.323 The protocol is considered by many to be complex and difficult to scale.

H.323 version 2 became available in 1998 which allows for a fast start connect
method whereby the voice channels are set-up during the call set-up stage which
reduced the communication roundtrips to two. H.323 version 4 is now available.

SIP This flexible and easy-to-use protocol is used for establishing sessions. It is
transport-independent, but was first deployed in IP networks. Sessions range from
multimedia conferencing to content services such as Internet telephone calls and
multimedia distribution. SIP re-uses many of the constructs and concepts of
internet protocols such as HTTP and Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP). Given
its less complicated call set-up procedure, SIP is a simpler protocol than H.323 for
call control.

SIP-T SIP-T is standard SIP with a well-defined payload for transporting PSTN
ISUP information. SIP-T enables the transparent interconnection of diverse Media
Gateway Controllers in a VoP network to emulate a traditional Class 4 TDM
network.
Protocol

MGCP MGCP is a protocol for controlling media gateways from media

gateway controllers. It is standardized in the ITU-T as recommendation J.162.
The most common profile of MGCP is the NCS profile from PacketCable™.
As a device control protocol, MGCP presupposes all call control processing
occurs in the media gateway controller.

H.248 H.248 is a protocol for controlling media gateways from media gateway
controllers. It was a joint development of the IETF and the ITU-T. It was
published as RFC3015 in the IETF and H.248 in the ITU-T. Development and
evolution of the protocol continues in the ITU-T. The most current version of
H.248 is recommendation H.248.1, also known as H.248v2. As a device
control protocol, H.248 presupposes all call control processing occurs in the
media gateway controller.
Next Generation Network (NGN)

SIGTRAN SIGTRAN transports message-based PSTN Signaling

System 7 (SS7) traffic over IP-based networks using various
protocol components.
Multi-service Next Gen
Switching
GR-317,
GR-394/444
(BICC)

100BaseT/ Tekelec 3000

Data
GB Ethernet
WAN PSTN
VoIP
SS7 / C7 / PTS / PRI
IP Tekelec 8000 Tekelec 8000
Phone
ATM or IPMEGACO/H.248+ Data
V5/GR-303 MEGACO/H.248+ Backbone 100BaseT/
GB Ethernet
SIP WAN
VoIP
Voice PRI,PTS
SIP

2G/3G/Wireless Access
ATM UNI
Application Servers
Data Cable
• IP Telephony (T-1000) Data
Video
• Transaction Services
• Mobility Manager
VoDSL