Anatomy of GI Tract
Anatomy of GI Tract
Anatomy of GI Tract
Marieb EN, Wilhelm PB, Mallatt J. Human Anatomy. 6th ed. USA: Benjamin Cummings; 2012
Anatomy of Gastrointestinal Tract
Marieb EN, Wilhelm PB, Mallatt J. Human Anatomy. 6th ed. USA: Benjamin Cummings; 2012
The Mouth (Oral Cavity)
Rima Oris
= Cavum Oris
• Histologi: sel epitelium
skuamosa berlapis
• Rima oris lubang mulut:
Labia superior dan labia
inferior, frenulum tiap labia
• Disokong lemak dan
m.buccinators
Vestibulum Cavitas Oris
• Terdiri dari: Vestibulum Oris
Oris Propria dan Cavitas Oris Propria
Marieb EN, Wilhelm PB, Mallatt J. Human Anatomy. 6th ed. USA: Benjamin Cummings; 2012
Tongue
• Otot rangka dalam
pencernaan
• Sulkus terminalis membagi
lidah 2/3 anterior
• Papil linguae fungiform,
filiform, foliate, sirkumvalata
• Otot penyokong: ekstenal
dan internal (berbicara)
• Persarafan : motoric (N.XII,
N.X) dan sensorik (N VII, IX)
• Pendarahan: a.v lingualis
dorsal, deep
Moore KL, Dalley AF, Agur AMR. Moore’s Clinically Oriented Anatomy. 7th ed. USA: Wolters Kluwer; 2014
Marieb EN, Wilhelm PB, Mallatt J. Human Anatomy. 6th ed. USA: Benjamin Cummings; 2012
Salivary Glands
• Menghasilkan saliva enzim
amilase
• Dibagi menjadi intrinsik dan
ekstrinsik
• Kelenjar ekstrinsik: glandula
parotis, glandula
submandibular, glandula
sublingualis
• Persarafan: N. V (sensoris,
lingual N, V3), N. VII dan N. IX
(parasimpatis)
• Pendarahan: a.v. submentalis
(submandibular), a.v.
Sublingualis
Moore KL, Dalley AF, Agur AMR. Moore’s Clinically Oriented Anatomy. 7th ed. USA: Wolters Kluwer; 2014
Marieb EN, Wilhelm PB, Mallatt J. Human Anatomy. 6th ed. USA: Benjamin Cummings; 2012
Pharynx
• Terdiri dari 3 bagian: nasofaring,
orofaring, laringofaring
• Nasofaring: faringeal tonsil,
resesus faringeal, torus
tubarius, torus levatorius
• Orofaring: tonsil palatine, arkus
palatoglossus, arkus
palatofaringeus
• Laringofaring: epiglottis,
vallecula epiglottis
• Otot faring: m.contrictor
superior, media, inferior
Moore KL, Dalley AF, Agur AMR. Moore’s Clinically Oriented Anatomy. 7th ed. USA: Wolters Kluwer; 2014
Pharynx
Moore KL, Dalley AF, Agur AMR. Moore’s Clinically Oriented Anatomy. 7th ed. USA: Wolters Kluwer; 2014
Esophagus
Moore KL, Dalley AF, Agur AMR. Moore’s Clinically Oriented Anatomy. 7th ed. USA: Wolters Kluwer; 2014
Stomach
Marieb EN, Wilhelm PB, Mallatt J. Human Anatomy. 6th ed. USA: Benjamin Cummings; 2012
Stomach
Moore KL, Dalley AF, Agur AMR. Moore’s Clinically Oriented Anatomy. 7th ed. USA: Wolters Kluwer; 2014
Duodenum
Moore KL, Dalley AF, Agur AMR. Moore’s Clinically Oriented Anatomy. 7th ed. USA: Wolters Kluwer; 2014
Jejenum and Ileum
Moore KL, Dalley AF, Agur AMR. Moore’s Clinically Oriented Anatomy. 7th ed. USA: Wolters Kluwer; 2014
Colon and Rectum
• Colon dibagi menjadi 5 bagian:
caecum, pars ascendens, pars
transversus, pars descendens, pars
sigmoid
• Struktur khas : haustrum coli,
taenia coli (libera, mesocolica,
omentalis), appendiks apiploica,
plica semilunaris
• Rektum struktur: ampula, plica
transversalis, rectoanal junction
(columna rect, sinus recti)
• Anus (sfingter) terdiri dari
m.sfingter ani eksterna (diluar, otot
rangka) &interna(didalam, otot
polos)
Marieb EN, Wilhelm PB, Mallatt J. Human Anatomy. 6th ed. USA: Benjamin Cummings; 2012
Colon and Rectum
Marieb EN, Wilhelm PB, Mallatt J. Human Anatomy. 6th ed. USA: Benjamin Cummings; 2012
Colon and Rectum
• Persarafan:
• Pendarahan:
Marieb EN, Wilhelm PB, Mallatt J. Human Anatomy. 6th ed. USA: Benjamin Cummings; 2012
Abdomen Wall
• Batas: posterior (columna
vertebrae), inferior (pintu atas
panggul), superior (p.xiphoideus,
tepi costae)
• Regio: 9 bagian atau 4 bagian
• Titik McBurney: titik dalam 1/3
garis imajiner krista iliaka ke
umbilicus dalam pemeriksaan
fisis appendiks
• Lapisan (luar ke dalam): kulit, jar
subkutan (fascia camper, fascia
scarpae), otot, extraperitoneal
fat, peritoneum
Marieb EN, Wilhelm PB, Mallatt J. Human Anatomy. 6th ed. USA: Benjamin Cummings; 2012
Abdomen Wall
• Pendarahan:
a.musculophrenic,
a.epigastric superior,
a.intercostal, a.subcostal,
a.superfisialis circumfleca
iliaca, a.pudendal externus
Marieb EN, Wilhelm PB, Mallatt J. Human Anatomy. 6th ed. USA: Benjamin Cummings; 2012
Abdomen Wall
Marieb EN, Wilhelm PB, Mallatt J. Human Anatomy. 6th ed. USA: Benjamin Cummings; 2012
Abdomen Wall
• Regio inguinalis struktur:
ligamen inguinal, annulus
inguinalis
superfisialis/medialis/subcutane
us, annulus profundus/lateralis,
canalis inguinalis, conjoined
tendon
• Hernia inguinalis kelemahan
dinding abdominal anterior
tipe: indirek (herniasi ke lateral,
kongenital), direk (herniasi ke
medial, kelemahan Hesselbach’s
triangle)
Marieb EN, Wilhelm PB, Mallatt J. Human Anatomy. 6th ed. USA: Benjamin Cummings; 2012
Abdomen Wall
Marieb EN, Wilhelm PB, Mallatt J. Human Anatomy. 6th ed. USA: Benjamin Cummings; 2012