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The Internet & The New Information Technology Infrastructure

This document discusses the internet and new information technology infrastructure. It describes key components of infrastructure including links between workstations, servers, and local and wide area networks. It also describes internet protocols like TCP/IP that allow internetworking between different networks. The document outlines technologies that support electronic commerce and analyzes challenges of developing the new IT infrastructure. It provides examples of internet clients, services, and benefits like reduced communication and transaction costs. Potential problems with infrastructure like connectivity and security issues are also examined.

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Gangadhar Mamadapur
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108 views33 pages

The Internet & The New Information Technology Infrastructure

This document discusses the internet and new information technology infrastructure. It describes key components of infrastructure including links between workstations, servers, and local and wide area networks. It also describes internet protocols like TCP/IP that allow internetworking between different networks. The document outlines technologies that support electronic commerce and analyzes challenges of developing the new IT infrastructure. It provides examples of internet clients, services, and benefits like reduced communication and transaction costs. Potential problems with infrastructure like connectivity and security issues are also examined.

Uploaded by

Gangadhar Mamadapur
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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THE INTERNET & THE

NEW INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY
INFRASTRUCTURE
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
• Describe Features Of Infrastructure &
Connectivity Standards
• Describe Internet & Its Capabilities
• Evaluate Internet Benefits
*
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
• Describe Technologies For
Supporting Electronic Commerce
• Analyze Problems Of New
Information Technology
Infrastructure
*
MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES

1. BROADER PERSPECTIVE OF
INFRASTUCTURE DEVELOPMENT
2. SELECTING TECHNOLOGIES FOR IT
INFRASTUCTURE (CONNECTIVITY)
*
THE NEW INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY (IT)
INFRASTRUCTURE

• LINKS: Workstations, network


computers, local area networks
(LAN), server computers
• INFORMATION FLOWS FREELY
THROUGHOUT ORGANIZATION
• MAY BE LINKED: Kiosks, point-of-
sales (POS) terminals, information
appliances, Internet
*
THE NEW INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY (IT)
INFRASTRUCTURE

• ENTERPRISE NETWORKING:
Hardware, software, networks, data
resources. Creates companywide
network to speed processes, lower
costs
• INTERNETWORKING: Linking of
separate networks in an outside of
organization
*
INTERNETWORKING
LINK NETWORKS
EACH RETAINS IDENTITY
INTO INTERCONNECTED NETWORK
*
NETWORK
C
NETWORK
A

NETWORK
B
TRANSMISSION CONTROL
PROTOCOL / INTERNET PROTOCOL (TCP /
IP)

(Protocol : rules determining the format &


transmission of data.)
REFERENCE MODEL DEVELOPED BY
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE IN 1972
1. APPLICATION: Provides screen
presentations
2. TRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL
(TCP): Breaks data into datagrams
*
TRANSMISSION CONTROL
PROTOCOL / INTERNET PROTOCOL (TCP /
IP)
3. INTERNET PROTOCOL (IP): Breaks,
sends datagrams as smaller IP packets;
can repeat transmission to increase
reliability
4. NETWORK INTERFACE: Handles
addressing and interface between
computer & network
5. PHYSICAL NET: Defines electrical
transmission characteristics for sending
signal along networks to destination
*
OPEN SYSTEM
INTERCONNECT (OSI)

International Reference Model


For Linking Different Types Of
Computers & Networks
*
THE INTERNET

BEGAN AS GOVERNMENT
CONNECTION OF UNIVERSITIES
INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDER (ISP):
Organization connected to Internet,
leases temporary connections to
subscribers
NO ONE OWNS IT, NO FORMAL
ORGANIZATION
*
INTERNET TERMS

• HOME PAGE: WWW screen display


welcomes user to organization’s
page
• WEBMASTER: Person in charge of
Web site
• UNIFORM RESOURCE LOCATOR
(URL): Address of specific Internet
resource
*
EXAMPLES OF INTERNET
CLIENT PLATFORMS

• PC: General purpose, performs many


tasks, may be unreliable, complex
• NET PC: Minimal local storage &
processing, uses software, services
delivered by Internet
• PAGER: Handheld, provides limited
e-mail, browsing
*
EXAMPLES OF INTERNET
CLIENT PLATFORMS

• SMART PHONE: Handheld, has small


screen, keyboard, e-mail, browsing,
voice
• GAME MACHINE: Modem, keyboard,
Web access
• PERSONAL DIGITAL ASSISTANT
(PDA): Handheld personal digital
assistant
*
EXAMPLES OF INTERNET
CLIENT PLATFORMS

• E-MAIL MACHINE: Tablet, keyboard,


text e-mail, requires e-mail service
• SET TOP BOX: Provides Web
surfing, e-mail, uses television set,
wireless keyboard
*
INTERNET ADDRESS

http://www.prenhall.com/laudon
PROTOCOL FOR THE
WEB EXTENSION

HOST
COMPUTER DIRECTORY

DOMAIN NAME
CLIENT/ SERVER ON THE
INTERNET
• CLIENT: Runs Web browser, other
software, connects to server
• SERVER: Has Web server (HTTP), Simple
Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), Domain
Name Serving (DNS), File Transfer
Protocol (FTP), Firewall (filters data to &
from Internet), Network News
Transfer Protocol (NNTP)
*
INTERNET TERMS

• HYPERTEXT TRANSPORT
PROTOCOL (http): Communications
standard used to transfer Web pages
• HYPERTEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE
(HTML): Popular programming
language for creating Web sites
*
MAJOR INTERNET SERVICES

• E -MAIL: Person -to-person messaging;


document sharing
• USERNET NEWSGROUPS: Electronic bulletin
boards for discussion groups
• LISTSERVs: e-mail list servers for discussion
groups
• CHATTING: Interactive conversations
• TELNET: Log on one computer, work on another
• FTP: Transfer files from computer to computer
• WORLD WIDE WEB: Text, audio, graphics, video
*
• End plz…!
SEARCHING THE WEB FOR
INFORMATION
• SEARCH ENGINE: Tool for locating
specific sites or information on
WWW
• PORTAL: Point of entry to WWW
• “PUSH” TECHNOLOGY: Server
streams relevant content to browser
• MULTICASTING: Sending data to
select group
*
NEXT GENERATION INTERNET

• BROADBAND: Fiber optics and


related technology will provide much
higher delivery speed (target: 10 to
100 million bits per second to the
desktop)
• INTERNET2
*
NEXT GENERATION INTERNET
• INTERNET2: New protocols,
higher transmission speed,
interconnected gigapops (regional
high-speed points-of-presence),
connected to high-performance
Backbone Network infrastructure.
Will differentiate priorities of
messages, provide video portals for
lifelike video
*
THE WIRELESS WEB
• MOBILE COMMERCE
(m-commerce)
• ACCESS TO WEB ON THE GO:
Anywhere, any time, many functions
• INFORMATION-BASED SERVICES
• TRANSACTION-BASED SERVICES
• PERSONALIZED SERVICES
*
INTRANET
• INTERNAL NETWORK
• WWW TECHNOLOGY
• FIREWALL: Security System to Prevent
Invasion of Private Networks
• OVERCOMES COMPUTER PLATFORM
DIFFERENCES
• OFTEN INSTALLED ON EXISTING
NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE
*
EXTRANET

ALLOWS SELECT USERS OUTSIDE


ORGANIZATION TO USE ITS
INTRANET:
• CUSTOMERS
• BUSINESS PARTNERS
• VENDORS

*
EXTRANET
DATABASES
CUSTOMER

SUPPLIER INTERNET FIREWALL SERVER

BUSINESS
PARTNER
CLIENTS
INTERNET BENEFITS

• GLOBAL CONNECTIVITY
• REDUCED COMMUNICATIONS COST
• LOWER TRANSACTION COSTS
• REDUCED AGENCY COSTS
• INTERACTIVITY, FLEXIBILITY,
CUSTOMIZATION
• ACCELERATED KNOWLEDGE
*
E-COMMERCE
SERVER SOFTWARE
• SET UP ELECTRONIC STOREFRONT
• DESIGN ELECTRONIC SHOPPING CART
• MAKE SHIPPING ARRANGEMENTS
• LINK TO ELECTRONIC PAYMENT
• DISPLAY PRODUCT AVAILABILITY &
TRACK SHIPMENTS
• CONNECT TO BACK-OFFICE SYSTEMS
• REPORT TRANSACTION
*
CUSTOMER
TRACKING TOOLS
• COLLECT & STORE DATA ON BEHAVIOR
• ANALYZE DATA
• IDENTIFY TRENDS
• CLICKSTREAM TRACKING: Collects
detailed customer data, stores in log
• COLLABORATIVE FILTERING: Combines
data on similar customers, predicts future
behavior
*
ADDITIONAL
TOOLS

• WEB CONTENT MANAGEMENT:


Assists Webmaster oversee large
sites
• WEB SITE PERFORMANCE
MONITORING: Detects, analyzes,
helps correct problems
• WEB HOSTING SERVICE: Maintains
large Web server for subscribers
*
POTENTIAL PROBLEMS WITH IT
INFRASTRUCTURE

• CONNECTIVITY & APPLICATION


INTEGRATION
• LOSS OF MANAGEMENT CONTROL
• ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE
• HIDDEN COSTS
• NETWORK RELIABILITY, SECURITY,
BANDWIDTH
*
c h a p t e r

9
THE INTERNET & THE
NEW INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY
INFRASTRUCTURE

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