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Unit2 - Lines and Indentation - Multi-Line Statements - Comments

Python uses indentation rather than braces to define code blocks. Statements can span multiple lines using line continuation or parentheses/brackets/braces. Comments begin with # and can be single or multi-line. Docstrings provide documentation and are string literals that occur as the first statement in a module, function, class, or method.

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Deepak Kumbhar
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256 views9 pages

Unit2 - Lines and Indentation - Multi-Line Statements - Comments

Python uses indentation rather than braces to define code blocks. Statements can span multiple lines using line continuation or parentheses/brackets/braces. Comments begin with # and can be single or multi-line. Docstrings provide documentation and are string literals that occur as the first statement in a module, function, class, or method.

Uploaded by

Deepak Kumbhar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Python Statement

Instructions that a Python interpreter can execute are


called statements.
For example, a = 1 is an assignment statement. if
statement, for statement, while statement etc. are other
kinds of statements
Multi-line statement

• In Python, end of a statement is marked by a newline character. But


we can make a statement extend over multiple lines with the line
continuation character (\).
For example:

a=1+2+3+\
4+5+6+\
7+8+9
• This is explicit line continuation. In Python, line continuation is implied
inside parentheses ( ), brackets [ ] and braces { }. For instance, we can
implement the above multi-line statement as
a = (1 + 2 + 3 +
4+5+6+
7 + 8 + 9)
Same is the case with [ ] and { }. For example:
colors = ['red',
'blue',
'green']
We could also put multiple statements in a single line using semicolons, as
follows
a = 1; b = 2; c = 3
We could also put multiple statements in a single line using semicolons, as follows
a = 1; b = 2; c = 3
Python Indentation

• Most of the programming languages like C, C++, Java use braces { } to define a
block of code. Python uses indentation.

• A code block (body of a function, loop etc.) starts with indentation and ends with
the first unindented line. The amount of indentation is up to you, but it must be
consistent throughout that block.

• Generally four whitespaces are used for indentation and is preferred over tabs.
Here is an example.
for i in range(1,11):
print(i)
if i == 5:
break
• Indentation can be ignored in line continuation. But it's a good idea to
always indent. It makes the code more readable. For example:

if True:
print('Hello')
a=5

and

if True: print('Hello'); a = 5

• both are valid and do the same thing. But the former style is clearer
• Incorrect indentation will result into IndentationError.
Python Comments
• Comments are very important while writing a program. It describes what's
going on inside a program so that a person looking at the source code does
not have a hard time figuring it out.

• In Python, we use the hash (#) symbol to start writing a comment.

• It extends up to the newline character. Comments are for programmers for


better understanding of a program. Python Interpreter ignores comment.

#This is a comment
#print out Hello
print('Hello')
Multi-line comments
• If we have comments that extend multiple lines, one way of doing it is to
use hash (#) in the beginning of each line. For example:

#This is a long comment


#and it extends
#to multiple lines
• Another way of doing this is to use triple quotes, either ''' or """.

• These triple quotes are generally used for multi-line strings. But they can
be used as multi-line comment as well. Unless they are not docstrings, they
do not generate any extra code.
"""This is also a
perfect example of
multi-line comments"""
Docstring in Python
• Docstring is short for documentation string.
• It is a string that occurs as the first statement in a module, function,
class, or method definition.
• We must write what a function/class does in the docstring.
• Triple quotes are used while writing docstrings. For example:
def double(num):
"""Function to double the value"""
return 2*num
• Docstring is available to us as the attribute __doc__ of the function.
Issue the following code in shell once you run the above program.
>>> print(double.__doc__)
Function to double the value

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