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    CD, MSL, Lat

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    Min Miyn
    A datum is a reference system or approximation of the Earth's surface used to determine locations. There are horizontal and vertical datums. Chart datum is a common depth reference used in marine applications. It is typically the lowest astronomical tide, which provides a safety margin for navigators by ensuring charted depths are always at least that deep. National charting agencies use the lowest astronomical tide to define chart datums because it is the lowest level the tide is predicted to fall.

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    CD, MSL, Lat

    Uploaded by

    Min Miyn
    891 views8 pages
    A datum is a reference system or approximation of the Earth's surface used to determine locations. There are horizontal and vertical datums. Chart datum is a common depth reference used in marine applications. It is typically the lowest astronomical tide, which provides a safety margin for navigators by ensuring charted depths are always at least that deep. National charting agencies use the lowest astronomical tide to define chart datums because it is the lowest level the tide is predicted to fall.

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    describe about water datum

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    CD,MSL,LAT

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    A datum is a reference system or approximation of the Earth's surface used to determine locations. There are horizontal and vertical datums. Chart datum is a common depth reference used in marine applications. It is typically the lowest astronomical tide, which provides a safety margin for navigators by ensuring charted depths are always at least that deep. National charting agencies use the lowest astronomical tide to define chart datums because it is the lowest level the tide is predicted to fall.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    891 views8 pages

    CD, MSL, Lat

    Uploaded by

    Min Miyn
    A datum is a reference system or approximation of the Earth's surface used to determine locations. There are horizontal and vertical datums. Chart datum is a common depth reference used in marine applications. It is typically the lowest astronomical tide, which provides a safety margin for navigators by ensuring charted depths are always at least that deep. National charting agencies use the lowest astronomical tide to define chart datums because it is the lowest level the tide is predicted to fall.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 8

    Datum

     a reference system or an approximation of the Earth's


    surface against which positional measurements are made
    for computing locations.
     2 types:
    -Horizontal datum
    > used to describe a point on the Earth's surface,
    in latitude and longitude or another coordinate system.
    -Vertical datum
     >base elevation used as a reference from which to
    determine relative heights or depths.
    >used to measure elevations or underwater depths.
    (i.e: terrain, bathymetry, water levels, and man-made
    structures.)
    Chart Datum
     For marine application, any water depth has to be referenced to a common
    datum for it to have any meaning.
     Charting of sea waters and the need to establish a uniform
     level, or datum plane, to which observed water depths could be referred, the
    soundings being taken at different water level stages or phases during
    hydrographic surveys, all measured depth will be published on a chart which is
    known as Chart Datum
     It is also the plane to which all tidal heights are referred, (by adding the tidal
    height to the charted depth, the true depth of water can be determined.
     Charted depths: The vertical distance from the tidal datum to the sea bottom
     It typically refers to a level so low that the tide will not frequently falls (often
    defined by the lowest astronomical tide-LAT), so as to give mariners the
    assurance that the depth shown on charts is the minimum available whatever
    the state of the tide (act as safety margin for navigator)
     CD>> varies from one place to other, depending on the tides
    Lowest Astronomical Tides (LAT)
     national charting agencies use the Lowest Astronomical
    Tide (LAT) - the height of the water at the lowest possible
    theoretical tide - to define chart datums.
     LAT is the lowest levels which can be predicted to occur
    under average meteorological conditions.
     Why LAT?
    Because it is the lowest level to which the tide is predicted
    to fall at a particular place.(if soundings on a chart made
    relatively to this level, mariner will nearly always be on the
    “safe” side as the height of at any time will always be some
    distance above LAT, soundings on the chart will then
    always be deeper in reality because the height of tides
    MSL (Mean Sea Level)

     The term Mean Sea Level (MSL) can also refer to a tidal datum, or
    frame of vertical reference defined by a specific phase of the tide.
     MSL are locally-derived based on observations at a tide station, which
    is described as the arithmetic mean of the hourly water elevation taken
    over a specific 19 years cycle.
    (why 19 years? >> 19 years is used because it is the closest full year to the
    18.6-year node cycle, the period required for the regression of the
    moon’s nodes to complete a circuit of 360◦ of longitude)
     MSL must be updated at least every 20-25 years due to global sea level
    rise. Some stations are more frequently updated due to high relative sea
    level trends.
     MSL are the basis of marine boundaries, are used as a vertical
    reference plane in producing nautical charts, and provide important
    baseline information for observing changes in sea level over time.

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