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Design and Analysis of Experiments With Two Nuisance Factors

The document discusses using a Latin square experimental design to control for two nuisance factors. A Latin square design allows an experiment to test each treatment level exactly once under each level of two nuisance factors, such as batches of raw material and operators. This ensures that the effects of the nuisance factors are balanced and eliminated. The document provides an example of using a Latin square design to study the burning rate of rocket propellant formulations while blocking for raw material batches and operators. It describes how to statistically analyze the Latin square design using ANOVA to determine if the propellant formulations have significantly different burning rates after accounting for the nuisance factors.

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99 views14 pages

Design and Analysis of Experiments With Two Nuisance Factors

The document discusses using a Latin square experimental design to control for two nuisance factors. A Latin square design allows an experiment to test each treatment level exactly once under each level of two nuisance factors, such as batches of raw material and operators. This ensures that the effects of the nuisance factors are balanced and eliminated. The document provides an example of using a Latin square design to study the burning rate of rocket propellant formulations while blocking for raw material batches and operators. It describes how to statistically analyze the Latin square design using ANOVA to determine if the propellant formulations have significantly different burning rates after accounting for the nuisance factors.

Uploaded by

Nur Afiqah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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EEM424 Design of Experiments

Lecture 6

Design and analysis of


experiments with two nuisance factors
22-10-2018
Mohd Nazri Mahmud
Agenda

• How to simultaneously control (or eliminate) two


sources of nuisance variability?
• Chapter 4 – 4.2 p.158
• Using the Latin-Square experimental design
Intro

• We introduced the randomized complete block design (RCBD) as a


design to reduce the residual error in an experiment by removing
variability due to a known and controllable nuisance variable.
• How to simultaneously control (or eliminate) two sources of nuisance
variability?
• Suppose that an experimenter is studying the effects of five different
formulations of a rocket propellant used in aircrew escape systems on
the observed burning rate.
• Each formulation is mixed from a batch of raw material that is only
large enough for five formulations to be tested.
• Furthermore, the formulations are prepared by several operators,
and…
• there may be substantial differences in the skills and experience of
the operators.
• Thus, it would seem that there are two nuisance factors : batches of
raw material and operators.
Choice of experimental design

• The appropriate design for this problem consists of testing


each formulation (A, B, C, D & E) exactly once in each
batch of raw material and…
• for each formulation to be prepared exactly once by each
of five operators (1,2,3,4,5).

• Using Latin-Square Design - Chapter 4 – 4.2 p.158.


• Notice that the design is a square arrangement and that
the five formulations (or treatments) are denoted by the
Latin letters A, B, C, D, and E; hence the name Latin
square.
• We see that both batches of raw material (rows) and
operators (columns) are orthogonal to treatments.
• In general, a Latin square for p level of the two nuisance
factors, or a p x p Latin square, is a square containing p
rows and p columns.
• Each of the resulting p2 cells contains one of the p letters
that corresponds to the treatments,…
• and each letter occurs once and only once in each row and
column.
Statistical Analysis of the
Latin Square Design
• The statistical (effects) model is
 i  1, 2,..., p

yijk     i   j   k   ijk  j  1, 2,..., p
k  1, 2,..., p

• where yijk is the observation in the i th row
and k th column for the j th treatment

• ANOVA

6
We conclude that there is a significant difference in the mean burning rate generated
by the different rocket propellant formulations.
There is also an indication that differences between operators exist, so blocking on this
factor was a good precaution.
There is no strong evidence of a difference between batches of raw material, so it
seems that in this particular experiment we were unnecessarily concerned about this
source of variability.
However, blocking on batches of raw material is usually a good idea.
Assignment
Assignment 2
Assignment 3-In group

• In your paper aeroplane experiment, state two


nuisance factors that you suspect might affect the
response time.
• Design a Latin-square experiment to investigate the
effects of one design factor of your choice and the two
nuisance factors
• Perform the experiment, collect the data, conduct an
ANOVA analysis using Excel, interpret the results of
the analysis, and finally state your conclusion.
Thank You
Transforming Higher Education For A Sustainable Tomorrow
Additional notes/slides
We lead

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